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Investigation of rate dependent shear bond properties of concrete masonry mortar joints under high-rate loading

  • John E. Hatfield;Genevieve L. Pezzola;John M. Hoemann;James S. Davidson
    • Computers and Concrete
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    • v.33 no.5
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    • pp.519-533
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    • 2024
  • Many materials including cementitious concrete-type materials undergo material property changes during high-rate loading. There is a wealth of research regarding this phenomenon for concrete in compression and tension. However, there is minimal knowledge about how mortar material used in concrete masonry unit (CMU) construction behaves in high-rate shear loading. A series of experiments was conducted to examine the bond strength of mortar bonded to CMU units under high-rate shear loading. A novel experimental setup using a shock tube and dynamic ram were used to load specially constructed shear triplets in a double lap shear configuration with no pre-compression. The Finite Element Method was leveraged in conjunction with data from the experimental investigation to establish if the shear bond between concrete masonry units and mortar exhibits any rate dependency. An increase in shear bond strength was observed when loaded at a high strain rate. This data indicates that the CMU-mortar bond exhibits a rate dependent strength change and illustrates the need for further study of the CMU-mortar interface characteristics at high strain rates.

Collection of Adult and Larval Mosquitoes in U.S. Army Compounds in the Republic of Korea During 1979~1983 (한국에 주둔한 미군지역내에서의 모기 성충과 유충 채집(1979~1983))

  • ;R.K
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.102-108
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    • 1984
  • This paper is the result of adult female mosquito and larval collection in U.S. Army Installations in Korea from 1979 to 1983. New Jersey light traps were operated for adult collection from May to October. The primary concern of this surveillance is to determine when to recommend insecticide spraying for mosquito control in the Army areas. The 5th Preventive Medicine Unit have developed an "index" level of female mosquitoes in a light trap similar to other U.S. Army Agencies in other parts of the world. When 10 female mosquitoes are reached on two consecutive trap-night, or 5 known vector females are collected, fogging is recommended in the trap areas. 1. Mosquito collections were conducted in 12 U.S. Army areas by operating 39 New Jersey light traps. Mosquitoes collected from the areas were identified to be 17 species comprising 3 genera. Anopheles sinensis (40%), Culex tritaeniorhynchus (31%), Aedes vexans nipponii (19 %) and Culex pipiens pallens (10%) appeared to be the most common species in the areas. 2. The species, population density and monthly appearance of adult mosquitoes were found to be almost the same in the all provinces involved. And Japanese Encephalitis vector mosquitoes, Culex tritaeniorhynchus, showed their seasonal fluctuation from July to September with a peak in August each year. 3. Larval habitats confirmed in the Army areas were categorized into 16 types as shown in Table 3. The mosquito larvae collected in those habitats were identified to be 15 species representing 4 genera. Most breeding sites in the Army areas were those which are activated during the wet season. 4. More mosquitoes were collected from the Kyungki Province than from the other Provinces. The reason for more collection of mosquitoes from military installations in the Kyungki Province appears to be the geographic characteristics surrounded by rice fields, marshes and other stagnant water areas.

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A Study on Development Process of Military library in the United States of America and the U.S. Armed Forces library Services during the Korea War (미국의 병영도서관의 발전과정과 한국전쟁 중의 병영도서관 서비스에 관한 연구)

  • Song Sung-Sub
    • Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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    • v.36 no.3
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    • pp.257-273
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    • 2005
  • This study inquired into the significance and the Process of development of military library being recently issued as a movement to establish a library In the military units in Korea, focusing on the library management of military in the United States. Firstly, the history of military libraries in the United States and military library service of the U.S. Armed Forces during the Korea War was investigated and analyzed. And, the establishing status, organization, and the contents of library service program in the United States was researched.

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A Study on Mathematics Textbook 'Saembon' (교수요목기 초등수학교과서 『셈본』에 관한 연구)

  • Cho, Youngmi
    • Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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    • v.21 no.3
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    • pp.485-503
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    • 2017
  • 'Saembon' was elementary mathematics textbook in the Period of Syllabus in Korea. First I classified Saembons in five groups. And then I regrouped them into two kinds. One kinds were published under U.S. Army Military Government, and other kinds were made under Republic of Koera. Two kinds of Saembon were very different in several aspects. I showed how they were different through real examples. Finally I tried to explain that Saembons under Republic of Koera were better than Saembons under U.S. Army Military Government.

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Impact of Various Tumor Markers in Prognosis of Gastric Cancer -A Hospital Based Study from Tertiary Care Hospital of Kathmandu Valley

  • Mittal, Ankush;Gupta, Satrudhan Pd.;Jha, Dipendra Kumar;Sathian, Brijesh;Poudel, Bibek
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.14 no.3
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    • pp.1965-1967
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    • 2013
  • Background: To obtain the maximum additional information about the prognosis of gastric cancer, we compared CA-50 with other previously defined markers. Materials and Methods: This hospital based study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry of Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences between $1^{st}$ July 2012 and $31^{st}$ December 2012. The variables collected were age, gender, AFP, CEA, CA19-9, and CA50, assayed with ELISA reader for all cases. The cut off values for serum AFP, CEA, CA19-9, and CA-50 were 10 ${\mu}g/l$, 10 ${\mu}g/l$, 37 U/ml, and 20 U/ml, respectively according to the manufacturer's instructions. Approval for the study was obtained from the institutional research ethical committee. Results: Of the 40 examined patients, 13 patients had tumors located in the upper third of the stomach, 6 patients had tumors in the middle third, 16 patients had tumors in the lower third, and 5 patients had tumors occupying two-thirds of the stomach or more. The distribution of lymph node staging of the patients was as follows: 7 patients belonged to N0, 9 patients to N1 stage, 10 patients to N2 stage, and 14 patients to N3 stage. The statistical method of Cox proportional hazards using multivariate analysis also illustrated that tumor markers including CEA (2.802), CA19-9 (2.690), CA50 (2.101), were independent prognostic factors, as tumor size (1.603), and lymph node stage (1.614). Conclusions: The tumour markers now available, like CEA, CA 19-9 and CA 50, chiefly perceive advanced gastric cancer. The preoperative rise in those tumour marker level have a prognostic significance and may be clinically helpful in choosing patients for adjuvant management.

Aneurysmal Bone Cyst of Rib: A Case Report (동맥류성 골낭종 1예 보고)

  • Kim, Joo-Hyun;Hong, Gi-U;Kim, Yeong-Tae
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.226-229
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    • 1977
  • Here represents a case of aneurysmal bone cyst which is very rare non neoplastic bone tumor especially in rib. The aneurysmal bone cyst usually arises from long bones of the upper and lower extemities and tt-e spine, which together account for 60 to 70 per cent of cases. In this case the tumor is found in right ninth rib on routine chest X-ray. It is resected successfully and the result is excellent.

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