• 제목/요약/키워드: u-Agriculture

검색결과 670건 처리시간 0.046초

Quantitative Screening of Insect Cell Transformants Stably Expressing $GFP_{uv}-{\beta}1$, 3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 2 Fusion Protein

  • Deo Vipin Kumar;Kato Tatsuya;Asari Naoko;Park Enoch Y.
    • Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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    • 제10권3호
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    • pp.275-279
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    • 2005
  • Insect cell transformants, stably expressing human $GFP_{uv}-{\beta}1$, 3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 2 $({\beta}3GnT2)$ as the green fluorescent protein $(GFP_{uv})-fused$ protein, were efficiently isolated on Western blot by the quantification of the densitometric intensity of the fusion protein. From almost 150 transformants containing the fusion gene linked to three different types of signal sequence, two transformants, Tn-pXme4a and -pX28a, were successfully selected, showing 8.3 and 8.6 mU/mL ${\beta}3GnT$ activity, respectively. This method requires a screening time almost one-half that required in the isolation of stably transformed cells with high expression levels, and at the same time allows the handling a large number of transformants.

벼 무논직파재배기술 사용확산의 시스템 다이내믹스 동태분석 -시범단지 사례를 중심으로- (A System Dynamics Analysis on Use Diffusion of Rice Wet Direct Seeding Technology - Focused on a Case of Pilot Village -)

  • 김성섭;정우석;하지희;서상택
    • 농촌지도와개발
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    • 제24권2호
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    • pp.99-115
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    • 2017
  • The purpose of this study is to analyze potential adoption rates and reusing patterns of the new rice direct seeding technology. The model constructed and employed in this study is a system dynamics model of farmer adoption and reusing patterns for this new technology over time. The model incorporates a causal loop diagram that explains interactions among rice cultivation subsystems with feedback loops and further attempts to build a causal loop model with stock-flow diagram for computer simulation. As one example of how the model can be used to provide insight to rice farmers, simulations are run over varying levels on the cultivation process of rice. The major finding is to demonstrate the utility of system dynamics simulation methodology in aiding the rice wet direct seeding farmers' decision making.

The Role of the Spatial Externalities of Irrigation on the Ricardian Model of Climate Change: Application to the Southwestern U.S. Counties

  • Bae, Jinwon;Dall'erba, Sandy
    • Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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    • 제10권2호
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    • pp.212-235
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    • 2021
  • In spite of the increasing popularity of the Ricardian model for the study of the impact of climate change on agriculture, there has been few attempts to examine the role of interregional spillovers in this framework and all of them rely on geographical proximity-based weighting schemes. We remedy to this gap by focusing on the spatial externalities of surface water flow used for irrigation purposes and demonstrate that farmland value, the usual dependent variable used in the Ricardian framework, is a function of the climate variables experienced locally and in the upstream locations. This novel approach is tested empirically on a spatial panel model estimated across the counties of the Southwest USA over 1997-2012. This region is one of the driest in the country, hence its agriculture relies heavily on irrigated surface water. The results highlight how the weather conditions in upstream counties significantly affect downstream agriculture, thus the actual impact of climate change on agriculture and subsequent adaptation policies cannot overlook the streamflow network anymore.

Organic Swine Production and Marketing in the Central United States -Present Situation and Farm Level Decision Factors-

  • Boessen, Christian R.
    • 한국유기농업학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국유기농업학회 2001년도 심포지엄
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    • pp.192-206
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    • 2001
  • A major challenge in the transition from conventional to organic production in a grain intensive region such as the Com Belt legion of the U.S.A. is how to profitably select and manage a crop relation. The opportunity cast of forgoing grain production for forage and green manure crops is significant. Many organic researchers and writers emphasize the need to bring an animal enterprise into the farming system for diversification and enhanced labor utilization. Livestock also add value to grain and forage crops to offset decreased grain production and can recapture nutrients used in crop production that can be recycled through manure. In grain intensive regions, organic farmers should consider swine production as a natural fit for the farming system. Swine are very efficient and adaptable animals that can add value to both grain and forage crops. While somewhat lacking, there is a reasonable body of literature on organic and sustainable swine production. However, there is relatively little specific information available to organic farmers to assist in the initial decision to enter organic swine production and to evaluate marketing alternatives. The primary focus of this paper is to give some background on organic animal production(emphasis on swine) in the Central United States and outline production and marketing decisions and considerations, relative to market trends, demographics and standards(U.S.). At the farm level, decisions must be made regarding resources, such as land, labor, financial and social capital, all relative to opportunities, all in the context of the standards and market forces beyond the farm. At the personal level the farmer must also make decisions about convictions regarding organic or environmentally friendly agriculture, willingness to change, impacts on lifestyle and family, and the transition to organic methods within the planning horizon of the farmer and the family business.

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Effects of Mixtures of Tween80 and Cellulolytic Enzymes on Nutrient Digestion and Cellulolytic Bacterial Adhesion

  • Hwang, Il Hwan;Lee, Chan Hee;Kim, Seon Woo;Sung, Ha Guyn;Lee, Se Young;Lee, Sung Sill;Hong, Hee Ok;Kwak, Yong-Chul;Ha, Jong K.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제21권11호
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    • pp.1604-1609
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    • 2008
  • A series of in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of the mixture of Tween 80 and cellulolytic enzymes (xylanase and cellulase) on total tract nutrient digestibility and rumen cellulolytic bacterial adhesion rates in Holstein steers. Ground timothy hay sprayed with various levels of Tween 80 and cellulolytic enzymes was used as substrates in an in vitro experiment to find out the best combinations for DM degradation. The application level of 2.5% (v/w) Tween 80 and the combination of 5 U xylanase and 2.5 U cellulase per gram of ground timothy hay (DM basis) resulted in the highest in vitro dry matter degradation rate (p<0.05). Feeding the same timothy hay to Holstein steers also improved in vivo nutrient (DM, CP, CF, NDF and ADF) digesibilities compared to non-treated hay (p<0.05). Moreover, Tween 80 and enzyme combination treatment increased total ruminal VFA and concentrations of propionic acid and isovaleric acid with decreased acetate to propionate ratio (p<0.001). However, adhesion rates of Fibrobacter succinogenes and Ruminococcus flavefaciens determined by Real Time PCR were not influenced by the treatment while that of Ruminococcus albus was decreased (p<0.05). The present results indicate that a mixture of Tween 80 and cellulolytic enzymes can improve rumen environment and feed digestibility with variable influence on cellulolytic bacterial adhesion on feed.

재배조건(栽培條件)의 차이(差異)가 수도(水稻)어린묘(苗)의 제초제(除草劑) 약해발생(藥害發生)에 미치는 영향(影響) - I. 유망제초제(有望除草劑) 선발(選拔) (Herbicidal Phytotoxicity of Early Rice Seedlings as Affected by Cultural Practices - I. Screening of Promising Herbicides)

  • 한성욱;구자옥;천상욱
    • 한국잡초학회지
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    • 제10권4호
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    • pp.255-260
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    • 1990
  • 8일간(日間) 육묘(育苗)된 수도(水稻) 어린(苗)를 이앙(移秧)한 다음 17종(種)의 수도용(水稻用) 제초제(除草劑)를 추천량의 2배(倍) 수준(水準)으로 처리(處理)하고 약해정도(藥害程度)를 비교(比較)하였다. 약해평가(藥害評價)는 달관조사(達觀調査), 이앙후(移秧後) 20 및 40일(日)의 초장(草長), 40일(日)의 주당분얼수(株當分蘖數)와 건물중(乾物重) 변이(變異)를 비교(比較)하는 방법(方法)으로 수행(遂行)하였으며, 결과를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 처리후(處理後) 30일(日)까지의 약해(藥害)를 달관평가(達觀評價)하면 diphenyl-ether계(系)의 oxyfluorfen과 oxadiazol계(系)의 oxadiazone은 전반적(全般的)으로 접촉부위(接觸部位)의 갈변고사현상이 나타나서 유의적(有意的)인 약해(藥害가 수발(受發)되는 것으로 판단되었다. 그러나 quinoline계(系)의 quinclorac, carbamate계(系)의 mefenacet와 pretilachlor, 그리고 미지(未知)의 개발중(開發中)인 약제(藥劑) KC-7079와 함께 해독제(解毒劑)가 혼합(混合)된 pretilachlor+fenclorim, mefenacet+bensulfurron-methyl+dymuron 등(等)의 해제(解除)는 어린묘(苗)에 비교적(比較的) 안전성(安全性)이 높은 것으로 평가(評價)되었다.

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Differential Growth Response of $A_1\;and\;A_2$ Mating Types of Phytophthora infestans on Rye A and V-8 Juice Agar Media Supplemented with Rhizome Powder of Cyperus rotundus

  • Singh, U.P.;Sarma, B.K.;Nishimura, Ruo;Kobayashi, Kiroku;Ogoshi, Akira;Zinkernagel, Volker;Schlenzig, Alexendra;Schober-Butin, Barbel;Aust, H.J.
    • Mycobiology
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    • 제29권3호
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    • pp.164-169
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    • 2001
  • A new medium for studies of diversity among populations of $A_1\;and\;A_2$ mating types of Phytophthora infestans has been evolved. The rye A agar and V-8 juice agar media on which P. infestans grows well have been amended with rhizome powder of Cyperus rotundus. A total of 259 isolates of $A_1\;and\;A_2$ mating types representing Japan, Korea, India, Taiwan, Indonesia, Thailand, China, Nepal, U.K and Medico were screened for their growth response on these two media. Most of the A1 isolates did not grow well on them except Thailand while growth of $A_2$ mating types differed as some grew on it whereas others did not. It is quite likely that the populations of $A_2$ mating types that did not grow well on rhizome-amended medium are of different clonal lineage. This suggests that this medium can be used for the study of diversification among the isolates of the same or both the mating types as well as to detect the newly introduced genetically different isolates of P. infestans in a locality where it was not reported earlier.

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무인기 기반 RGB 영상 활용 U-Net을 이용한 수수 재배지 분할 (Sorghum Field Segmentation with U-Net from UAV RGB)

  • 박기수;유찬석;강예성;김은리;정종찬;박진기
    • 대한원격탐사학회지
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    • 제39권5_1호
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    • pp.521-535
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    • 2023
  • 논·밭 전환 시 수수(sorghum bicolor L. Moench)는 뛰어난 내습성으로 콩과 함께 안정적인 생산이 가능하여 국내 식량작물의 자급률 향상과 쌀 수급 불균형 문제를 해결할 수 있을 것으로 기대되는 작물이다. 그러나 수량 추정을 위한 재배면적과 같은 기본적인 통계조사는 많은 인력을 투입하여도 오래 걸리는 전통적인 조사 방식으로 인해 잘 이루어 지지 않고 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 무인기 기반 RGB 영상에 U-Net을 적용하여 수수 재배지 비파괴적 분할가능성을 확인하였다. 2022년에 7월 28일, 8월 13일, 8월 25일에 각각 영상이 취득되었다. 각 영상취득 날짜에서 512 × 512 영상크기로 훈련데이터셋 6,000장과 검증데이터셋 1,000장으로 나누어 학습을 진행하였으며 수수 농경지(sorghum), 벼와 콩 농경지(others)와 비 농경지(background)로 구성된 세 개 클래스와 수수 농경지와 배경(others+background)으로 구성된 두 개 클래스 기반으로 분류모델을 개발하였다. 모든 취득 날짜에서 세 개 클래스 기반 모델에서는 수수 재배지 분류 정확도가 0.91 이상으로 나타났지만 8월 데이터셋의 others 클래스에서 학습 혼동이 일어났다. 대조적으로 두 개 클래스 기반 모델에서는 8월 데이터셋의 안정적인 학습과 함께 모든 클래스에서 0.95 이상의 정확도를 나타내었다. 결과적으로 8월에 두개클래스 기반 모델을 현장에 재현하는 것이 수수 재배지 분류를 통한 재배면적 산출에 유리할 것으로 판단된다.

한국농수산대학 전공심화과정 졸업생의 영농활동실태조사 (A Survey on Farming Activities of Graduates for Intensive Major Course of Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries)

  • 황인욱;주진수;김종숙;오대근;송천영
    • 현장농수산연구지
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    • 제20권1호
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    • pp.145-162
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    • 2018
  • 본 연구는 한국농수산대학 전공심화과정 졸업생들의 영농활동 실태에 대한 분석이다. 분석 결과 한농대 전공심화 졸업생들의 영농활동 특징으로는 규모화 전략을 통한 농업경쟁력 확보에 노력하고 있으며, 이를 기반으로 전문영농에 힘쓰고 있다. 또한 다양한 농업기술혁신 전략을 통해 가치창조 농업(예를 들면, 친환경농업, 신기술의 적극적 도입, 지속적인 연구 활동, 지역사회 활성화에 견인, 전문가 및 동문 등과 적극적인 네트워크 활동 등)에 앞장서고 있다. 그리고 이러한 노력들은 다양한 인증 및 수상(무농약 인증, 무항생제 인증, 우수농가 수상, 우수농산물(GAP), HACCP 인증)등의 결과로 나타나고 있다. 이렇듯 전문 고등교육기관에서 농업에 대한 체계적인 교육을 받은 한농대 졸업생들의 역할은 향후 우리나라 농업발전에 있어 매우 큰 역할을 수행할 것으로 예상된다. 따라서 이에 대한 학교 측의 다양한 제도적·정책적 지원이 수반되어야 할 것이다.

Naproanilide의 벼와 잡초간(雜草間) 선택성(選擇性) 기작(機作)에 관한 연구(硏究)- I. 벼와 잡초간(雜草間) Naproanilide의 선택성(選擇性) (Selective Mode of Action of Naproanilide in Rice and Paddy Weeds- I. Selectivity of Naproanilide between Rice and Paddy Weeds)

  • 최종명;변종영
    • 한국잡초학회지
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    • 제10권2호
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    • pp.103-108
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    • 1990
  • Naproanilide의 선택성(選擇性) 작용기작(作用機作)을 구명(究明)하기 위한 기초자료(基礎資料)로서 이용하고자 발아실험(發芽實驗), 수경재배실험(水耕栽培實驗)과 폿트실험(實驗)을 수행하였다. 1. Naproanilide는 발아실험(發芽實驗)에서 벼나 강피에 비해 올챙고랭이, 올미, 너도방동사니의 생장(生長)을 더 심하게 억제(抑制)시켰으며 줄기보다는 뿌리의 생장억제정도(生長抑制程度)가 심하였다. 2. Naproanilide는 수경재배실험(水耕栽培實驗)에서 $20{\mu}M$ 이상의 고농도(高濃度)에서는 전(全) 초종(草種) 심한 생육억제현상(生育抑制現象)을 보였으나 올미는 $1{\mu}M$, 너도방동사니는 $10{\mu}M$의 농도(濃度)에서 심한 억제현상(抑制現象)을 나타냈다. 3. Naproanilide는 폿트실험(實驗)에서 대조구(對照區)에 비해 벼의 초장(草長), 분얼수(分蘖數) 및 지하부(地下部) 건물중(乾物重)과 강피의 지상부(地上部) 건물중(乾物重) 및 잔존(殘存) 잡초본수(雜草本數)에 큰 영향을 주지 못했으나 올챙고랭이, 사마귀풀 및 물달개비 등의 일년생잡초(一年生雜草)는 15g/a에서, 올미 및 너도방동사니 등의 다년생잡초(多年生雜草)는 30g/a에서 잔존본수(殘存本數) 및 지상부(地上部) 건물중(乾物重)의 급격한 감소(減少)를 보였다.

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