• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.401-410
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• 2015

Objective: The present study was to improve the graphic user interface (GUI) of a military computer-based training (CBT) system in terms of usability. Background: Existing studies have focused on usability evaluation of a particular GUI type such as sequence, hierarchy, or context type; however, few research has been conducted which identifies preferred GUI features based on a comparative analysis of different GUI types. Method: A comparative evaluation was conducted by 9 CBT design experts using a 7-point scale (1: very low, 4: neutral, and 7: very high) on hierarchy and context GUI types of a military CBT system in terms of 10 usability criteria. Then, preferred features of the hierarchy and context types being accommodated, a new GUI was developed and validated by 22 CBT users. Results: While the hierarchy type was found preferred by 1.6 times in terms of controllability to the context type, the opposite was found in terms of attractiveness, simplicity, and responsiveness by 0.6, 0.8, and 0.8 times, respectively. The proposed GUI was found superior to the hierarchy and context types in terms of accessibility and informativeness by more than 1.5 times, but inferior to the hierarchy and context type in terms of simplicity by 0.6 and 0.9 times, respectively. Conclusion: The new GUI developed by accommodating the preferred features of the hierarchy and context types improves usability in terms of accessibility and informativeness except simplicity. Application: The comparative analysis of various GUIs can be applied to develop an improved GUI in a systematic manner based on preferred features of the existing GUIs.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제10권9호
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• pp.1093-1105
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 XML 데이터베이스의 색인구조로 다차원 화일구조를 이용하는 다차원 타입상속 색인기법인 MD-TIX를 제안한다. 일차원 색인구조를 이용하는 기존의 XML 데이터베이스 색인기법에서는 타입상속계층과 중첩요소가 포함된 복합 형태의 질의들에 대한 처리를 잘 지원하지 못한다. MD-TIX에서는 XML 데이터베이스의 중첩요소에 대한 색인기법을 위하여 이차원 타입상속 계층 색인기법(2D-THI)을 다차원으로 확장하여 사용한다. 2D-THI는 타입상속 계층의 단순요소에 대한 색인기법으로 킷값 도메인과 타입식별자 도메인으로 구성된 이차원 도메인 공간상에서 요소들의 클러스터링을 다루는 색인기법이다. 본 논문의 MD-TIX에서는 색인된 중첩요소를 표현하는 경로상의 각 타입상속 계층마다 하나의 타입식별자 도메인을 할당하여 구성된 다차원 도메인 공간상에서 색인 엔트리들의 클러스터링을 다룬다. 따라서 HD-TIX에서는 기존의 색인기법에서 지원하기 어려운 질의의 대상 범위가 타입상속 계층상의 임의의 타입들로 제한되거나, 질의에 포함된 복합요소들의 도메인이 타입상속 계층상의 임의의 타입들로 제한되는 경우에도 잘 지원할 수 있다.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.137-146
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• 2009

This study analyzed hierarchy of image for visual evaluation of flare skirt. This study analyzed expression words about flare skirt with frequency data of image expression words with different length and volume of flare. Stimuli for the study were set to be 4 different volume of flare ($90^{\circ}$, $180^{\circ}$, $270^{\circ}$, $360^{\circ}$) and 3 different length of skirt(48cm, 58cm, 68cm). Stimuli were made by using I-Designer which is Virtual Sewing System. From simulation of flare skirt, the subjects were asked to write down suggested adjective freely and selected 210 adjectives. With this, we chose total 38 adjectives considering frequencies in the pre-study. And we analyzed the combination process of expression words according to construction factor of flare skirt and hierarchy of image from dendrogram which was resulted by hierarchical cluster analysis. 'Feminine' got high score in all 12 flare skirt. When the skirt was short, it was vivid, and as the skirt got longer, ordinary and pure image showed. Also, as the volume of flare got larger, the average of visual effect was higher than visual image. Visual hierarchy construction according to construction factors of flare skirt could be divided into visual image and visual effect, and visual image was shown to be form 'A type - large volume of flare and short skirt length', 'H type-small volume of flare and short skirt length' and 'X type - large volume of flare and long skirt length'.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.236-241
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• 2023

Objectives: According to the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases, the main categories of tic disorders (F95.0, F95.1, and F95.2) follow a diagnostic hierarchy based on the duration and diversity of tic symptoms. The present study investigated the use of this diagnostic hierarchy in real-world clinical practice. Methods: Based on the National Health Insurance Service-National Health Information Database, the diagnosis of transient tic disorder (F95.0) made after a diagnosis of chronic motor or vocal tic disorder (F95.1) or Tourette's syndrome (F95.2) and diagnosis of chronic motor or vocal tic disorder (F95.1) made after a diagnosis of Tourette's syndrome (F95.2) were referred to as type A errors. The diagnosis of transient tic disorder (F95.0) repeated after a period of >12 months was referred to as type B error. Demographic and clinical differences according to the diagnostic error types were analyzed using analysis of variance, Student's t-tests, and chi-squared tests. Results: Most participants (96.5%) were without errors in the diagnosis of tic disorders. Higher proportions of males (p=0.005) and antipsychotic prescriptions (p<0.001) were observed in patients with type A or B diagnostic errors. A higher proportion of health insurance holders was observed among those with type A errors (p=0.027). Conclusion: Errors were absent in majority of the tic diagnoses in real-world clinical practice in terms of the diagnostic hierarchy.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.75-82
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• 2016

Purpose - In order for actively pursuing medium and long term policies of Gangwon region to be effectively and efficiently driven, efficacious and practical development strategies are needed. In terms of regional revitalization in most regions that are dependent on the primary industry like Gangwon-do Province, the maintaining of local community becomes difficult and there are limitations on the support from the central government and local governments. Therefore, local communities need to implement measures not only to be financially independent but also maintain and activate themselves. And community business can be adopted to be a proper strategy to cope with this change. This study drew importance of a community business model appropriate for Gangwon-do region to figure out success factors. Research design, data, and methodology - This study aimed to come up with importance of community business model for Gangwon-do region by using AHP Method. AHP Method, which was developed by Professor Saaty in 1970', is a methodology to simplify complex problems for a rational decision making. A survey targeting related public officials and expert group was carried out and a total of 30 questionnaires were collected for the analysis. Results - Analysis model used in this study was to prioritize community business models of Gangwon-do region. The second hierarchy was divided according to local restoration type, local resource utilization type, environment improvement type, and life support type. The third hierarchy consisted of 5 items such as network, the middle structure, program, government support, and human resources to measure each importance. As a result, in the second hierarchy, local resource utilization type had the highest importance. In the third hierarchy, the middle structure had the highest importance, followed by government support, program, network, and human resources. Collectively, the results suggested that important critical factors of community business model of Gangwon-do region was the importance of local resource utilization model and the middle structure. Conclusions - Not only should projects that are already operating in the region but next community business projects that are planning in the Gangwon-do region should be practically operated in view of the importance and the models derived from this study.

• 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.41-69
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• 2002

This paper addresses the issue of constraints on the conversion of the participle II in German, proposing a constraint-based lexical semantic approach. I argue against the widely accepted syntactic view which is based on the dichotomous distinction of intransitive verbs, which has been advanced by the Unaccusative Hypothesis [Perlmutter (1978)]. Several arguments are also given against the semantic view which is based on some aspectual notions such as 'telicity', 'transformativity' or 'terminativity'. The crucial constraints on the conversion of the participle II in German, it is argued, is instead two lexical semantic entailments, movement with a definite change of location and affectedness. These and other lexical semantic entailments in the sense of Dowty (1991) are encoded into the multiple inheritance type hierarchy of qfpsoa. The proposal made in this paper is based on the multiple inheritance hierarchy which is envisaged in a recent framework of head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.265-278
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 XML 데이터베이스의 타입상속 계층에 대한 색인기법으로 이차원 색인구조를 이용하는 이차원 타입상속 색인기법인 2D-THI를 제안한다. XML 스키마는 타입상속을 지원하는 XML 문서를 위한 스키마 모델 중에 하나이다. 기존의 XML 데이터베이스를 위한 색인기법은 XML 스키마상의 타입상속 계층에 대한 XML 질의를 지원하지 못한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 XML 질의의 타입상속 계층을 지원하기 위한 색인기법으로 다차원 파일구조를 이용하는 이차원 색인구조를 구성한다. 이차원 색인구조에서 한 축은 색인된 엘리먼트의 킷값 도메인으로 구성하고 다른 한 축은 타입상속 계층의 타입 식별자 도메인으로 구성한다. 이와 같은 이차원 색인구조를 이용함으로써 사용자 질의 패턴에 따라 두 도메인 사이에서 객인 엔트리들의 클러스터링 정도를 조정함으로써 질의처리의 성능을 향상시킬 수 있다. 본 논문에서 제안한 2D-THI의 성능 평가를 위하여, 비용 모델을 개발하고 이를 통하여 2D-THI를 기존의 객체지향 데이터베이스에서 사용하고 있는 CH-index와 CG-tree와 같은 클래스 계층 색인기법들과 색인의 성능을 비교평가 한다. 성능평가의 결과로서, CH-index와 CG-tree에서는 특정 형태의 XML 질의의 경우에만 좋은 성능을 보인 반면, 본 논문에서 제안한 2D-THI에서는 주어진 질의 형태에 따라 최적의 질의처리 성능을 제공할 수 있음을 보인다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.110-119
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• 2020

In order to provide priorities of the factors affecting the introduction of Smart Factory, This study reconstructed the factors and calculated the priorities through AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process). The first layer of the hierarchy have 4 factors; productivity increase, brand image improve, marketing improve, cost reduction. The second layer of the hierarchy have 3 factors belong to the first layer, so the total number of second layer is 12. We divided the characteristics of enterprises into type of manager and age. The C.R. (consistency ratio) values of the respondents were found to be less than 0.1 and were judged to be a 'reasonable test'. As a result, the weights of the higher layer and the lower layer were obtained respectively, and then the weights of the higher layer and the weights of the lower layer were multiplied to obtain the total weights. Unlike previous studies that only surveyed factors that companies consider when introducing smart factory, (1) weighing and prioritizing factors were achieved. There are differences in priorities, (2) smart factory can be studied with the type of manager and firm age. When establishing policies, it is a practical implication (3) to assess its strategy not only for government officials but also for executives.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.149-157
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• 2013

As a period of pluralism, today's museum architecture has been expanding social and cultural meaning. So, Various expressions are appearing in museum architecture. Accordingly, the museum must be very reproducible and comply with aesthetic requirements. At the same time, museum construction in urban design and features must satisfy professional requirements. SANAA is one of contemporary architects has been decisively deleted existing fixed and functional layout type of program through 'The new hierarchy'. Thus, the experience of the space will vary. Now, museum space is urgently needed than ever before crustal movements. Thus, this study aims to contribute an alternative to the museum space configuration according to the trend of the times through 'The new hierarchy' of SANAA. This paper is limited to the cases of the SANAA's museum architecture. We analyze the characteristics of representation on 'The new hierarchy' appear in the museum space configuration and then, examine the value of the spatial. SANAA's 'New Hierarchy' is going to set the cognitive boundary by expression targeting plane and the surface. It is completely different than the previous boundaries. Characteristics of the expression represents non-centrality, decentrally, non-oriented, uncertainty, non-territorialization, uniformity. It is steady that identity of Space, Human, Environment in Museum. They have a relationship each concept of Independence, autonomy, equality.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.129-137
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• 2010

This study surveys the degree of residents' satisfaction on the current street space to suggest alternatives for the improvement of the street space design in detached house areas. In the results of the survey, we find the following. First, in the result of analysis on age, residential term, having children or not, income level, and type of house ownership, residents are homogeneous in social and economic characteristics. There are similarity in geographical, locational conditions, neighboring facilities, deterioration of residential house, and the time of residential formation among residential areas. Second, satisfactory determinants of residents on street space according to street types, are maintenance, protection of privacy, and parking space. Third, satisfactory determinants of residents on street hierarchy is the inner circulation road while unsatisfactory one is the inner roads. Fourth, age, residential term and type of house ownership are significant factors influencing residents' satisfaction. Factors influencing satisfaction on street space are also affecting total satisfaction and factors associated with street environment are perceived more important ones than factors associated with street activities. Thus we find the degrees of satisfaction for residents on street type and street hierarchy are different despite that general characteristics of residents are similar. We also find residents consider street noise and maintenance as critical factor among physical factors of street space.