• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.244-252
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• 2007

Escherichia coli has a PhoR-PhoB two-component regulatory system to detect and respond to the changes of environmental phosphate concentration. For the E. coli W3110 strain growing under phosphate-limiting condition, the changes of global gene expression levels were investigated by using DNA microarray analysis. The expression levels of some genes that are involved in phosphate metabolism were increased as phosphate became limited, whereas those of the genes involved in ribosomal protein or amino acid metabolism were decreased, owing to the stationary phase response. The upregulated genes could be divided into temporarily and permanently inducible genes by phosphate starvation. At the peak point showing the highest expression levels of the phoB and phoR genes under phosphate-limiting condition, the phoB- and/or phoR-dependent regulatory mechanisms were investigated in detail by comparing the gene expression levels among the wild-type and phoB and/or phoR mutant strains. Overall, the phoB mutation was epistatic over the phoR mutation. It was found that PhoBR and PhoB were responsible for the upregulation of the phosphonate or glycerol phosphate metabolism and high-affinity phosphate transport system, respectively. These results show the complex regulation by the PhoR-PhoB two-component regulatory system in E. coli.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.89-97
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• 2012

This paper considers a manufacturer with a two-station make-to-stock and make-to-order serial production system. The MTS facility produces a single type of component and provides components for the MTO facility that produces customized products. In addition to the internal demand from the MTO facility, the MTS facility faces demands from the spot market with the option of to accept or reject each incoming demand. This paper addresses a joint component inventory rationing and batch production control which maximizes the manufacturer's profit. Using the Markov decision process model, we investigate the structural properties of the optimal inventory rationing and batch production policy, and present two types of heuristics. We implement a numerical experiment to compare the performance of the optimal and heuristic policies and a simulation study to examine the impact of the stochastic process variability on the inventory rationing and batch production control.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.273-281
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• 2007

The decision of how long performing system burn-in must be answered with a probabilistic model of a system lifetime at which infant mortality failures created during assembly processes are quantified. In this paper, we propose such a model which is modified from previous results. Using the system model, we derived system reliability in terms of component and system burn-in times for the two cases of minimal repair at system failure and of component replacement and connection repair at their failure times. The procedure is illustrated with a bridge system and the optimal system burn-in times are obtained for maximizing system reliability. The result suggests that an assumption of minimal repair at system failure may underestimate the optimal burn-in time in practice.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.122-129
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• 2009

Frequency is an important operating parameter of a power system. It is essential that the frequency of a power system be maintained very close to its nominal frequency. And frequency measurement devices have need to measure a fast and accurate of frequency using voltage signals. This paper proposes a comparative study of frequency estimation techniques using the high speed FIR filter based algorithm, the DFT filter based algorithm using phasor angle between two phasors, and positive sequence component based algorithm using the half angle between two successive positions of phasor. The discussed three techniques have been formed through numerical manipulation of a discrete system. The proposed techniques have been tested using signals obtained from selected power system model using ATP simulation package. Some test results are shown in this paper.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2019

In this paper the results of the biosorption of lead(II) and cadmium(II) with sugarcane bagasse in fixed bed columns are presented. Experimental data were fitted to several models describing the rupture curve for single-component and two-component systems. The percentages of removal of lead and cadmium in single-component systems are 91% and 90%, respectively. In lead-cadmium bicomponent systems the percentage of elimination of lead was 90% and cadmium 92%. In single-component systems, Yoon-Nelson and Thomas models successfully reproduce the rupture curves. In two-component system, the Dose-Response model was the best one reproducing the experimental rupture curves in the entire measured range.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.1890-1901
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• 2022

We have assessed the applicability of the thermal-hydraulic system analysis code, SPACE, to a small modular reactor called SMART. For the assessment, the experimental data from a scale-down integral-test facility, SMART-ITL, were used. It was conformed that the SPACE code unrealistically calculates the safety injection flow rate through the CMT and SIT during a small-break loss-of-coolant experiment. This unrealistic behavior was due to the overprediction of interfacial heat transfer at the steam-water interface in a vertically stratified flow in the tanks. In this study, a special thermal-hydraulic component model has been developed to realistically calculate the interfacial heat transfer when a strong non-equilibrium two-phase flow is formed in the CMT or SIT. Additionally, we developed a special heat structure model, which analytically calculates the heat transfer from the hot steam to the cold tank wall. The combination of two models for the tank are called the special component model. We assessed it using the SMART-ITL passive safety injection system (PSIS) test data. The results showed that the special component model well predicts the transient behaviors of the CMT and SIT.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.11-15
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• 1982

There is the possibility that human error during testing and maintenance brings about the failure of the system, the reliability of which depends on mechanical failure and human error. This paper deals with the calculation of the reliability of the redundant system with the dependent hunman error through Karnaugh Map. Two cases are considered. One is the reli- ability of the system neglecting the test interval of each component and the other is that considering the test interval of each component.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.37-44
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• 1971

The reaction of amino acids and the reactive hydroxyl radical generated by $Ti^{3+}-H_2O_2$ system was studied using fast flow techniques coupled with ESR. Upon adding methionine to the 0.2M $H_2O_2$ solution (0.05M methionine after addition) and mixing with 0.01M $TiCl_3$, the low field component of the two incompletely resolved peaks, in the spectrum of $Ti^{3+}-H_2O_2$ system alone, vanished completely whereas the high field component remained almost constant and superimposed on the secondary spectrum of the methionine free radical. Similar results were obtained for other amino acids and proteins. The results strongly demonstrate that the $T^{3+}-H_2O_2$ flow system generates two different radical species, only one of which, giving rise to the low field component, is alone responsible for abstracting hydrogen atoms from substrate molecules. The effects of HCl, $H_2SO_4$ and NaOH on the system were also studied with widely varying results.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.206-212
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• 1997

This paper considers the problem of estimating parameters and reliability of shared parallel system with two identical components using type II censored system life data. Likelihood functions are derived and maximum likelihood estimates of parameters and reliability are discussed numerically.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2005

컨포넌트 개발 프로세스에서 재사용 가능한 독립적인 컴포넌트의 식별은 가장 중요한 작업이면서 어려운 작업이다. 따라서 현존하는 컴포넌트 개발 방법론들에서는 컴포넌트 식별을 위해서 체계적이고 명확한 기준이 제시되지 않아 대다수 개발자의 직관과 경험에 의존하고 있다. 그 결과 평이한 개발자에 의해서 소프트웨어의 재사용 단위인 컴포넌트를 식별하기가 쉽지 않다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 컴포넌트를 용이하게 식별할 수 있도록 유스케이스 다이어그램, 클래스 다이어그램 그리고 시퀀스 다이어그램 등 도메인 모델을 기반으로 컨포넌트를 식별하는 기준과 방법을 제시한다. 본 논문에서는 2단계 즉, 시스템 컨포넌트 식별과 비즈니스 컴포넌트 식별을 통하여 컴포넌트론 식별하는 방법을 제시한다. 특히, 제안된 기법에서는 컴포넌트 식별에 있어서 구조적 특성뿐만 아니라 메소드 호출 유형과 방향에 따른 의존성 특성을 함께 괴려하고 있다 이러한 제안된 기법의 실용성을 검증하기 위해 사례 연구와 기존 식별 방법과의 비교 분석 및 평가를 제시한다.