• 한국동물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물학회 1998년도 한국생물과학협회 학술발표대회
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• pp.284.2-284
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• 1998

No Abstract, See Full Text

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2001년도 Proceedings of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea
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• pp.171.3-172
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• 2001

• 대한동의생리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한동의생리학회 2005년도 하계학술대회
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• pp.11-11
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• 2005

• 한국생명과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생명과학회 2006년도 제47회 학술심포지움 및 추계국제학술대회
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• pp.76.1-76.1
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• 2006

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.315-323
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• 2013

Ginseng is known to have antistress effects. Previously, red ginseng (RG) was shown to repress stress-induced peptidyl arginine deiminase type IV (PADI4) via estrogen receptor ${\beta}$ ($ER{\beta}$) in the brain, thus inhibiting brain cell apoptosis. Moreover, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$ plays a critical role in immobilization (IMO) stress. However, the signaling pathway of RG-mediated repressesion of inflammation is not completely understood. In this study, we determined how RG modulated gene expression in stressed brain cells. Since secretion of TNF-${\alpha}$ is modulated via TNF-${\alpha}$ converting enzyme (TACE) and nuclear factor (NF)-${\kappa}B$, we examined the inflammatory pathway in stressed brain cells. Immunohistochemistry revealed that TACE was induced by IMO stress, but RG repressed TACE induction. Moreover, PADI4 siRNA repressed TACE expression compared to the mock transfected control suggesting that PADI4 was required for TACE expression. A reporter assay also revealed that $H_2O_2$ oxidative stress induced NF-${\kappa}B$ in neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells, however, RG pretreatment repressed NF-${\kappa}B$ induction. These findings were supported by significant induction of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species (ROS) by oxidative stress, which could be repressed by RG administration. Taken together, RG appeared to repress stress-induced PADI4 via TACE and NF-${\kappa}B$ in brain cells thus preventing production of ROS and subsequently protecting brain cells from apoptosis.

• 셀메드
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.27.1-27.6
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• 2012

Red ginseng, which has a variety of biological and pharmacological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic effects, has been used for thousands of years as a general tonic in traditional oriental medicine. Here, we tested the immune regulatory activities of hydrolyzed red ginseng by malted barley (HRG) on the expressions of receptor interacting proteins (Rip) 2 and $I{\kappa}B$ kinase-beta (IKK-${\beta}$) in mouse peritoneal macrophages. We show that HRG increased the activations of Rip 2 and IKK-${\beta}$ for the first time. When HRG was used in combination with recombinant interferon-${\gamma}$ (rIFN-${\gamma}$), there was a marked cooperative induction of nitric oxide (NO) production. The increased expression of inducible NO synthase from rIFN-${\gamma}$ plus HRG-stimulated cells was almost completely inhibited by pre-treatment with pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), an inhibitor of nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ (NF-${\kappa}B$). In addition, the treatment of peritoneal macrophages with rIFN-${\gamma}$ plus HRG caused significant increases in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$ mRNA expression and production. Because NO and TNF-${\alpha}$ play an important role in the immune function and host defense, HRG treatment can modulate several aspects of the host defense mechanisms as a result of the stimulations of the inducible nitric oxide synthase and NF-${\kappa}B$. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that HRG increases the productions of NO and TNF-${\alpha}$ from rIFN-${\gamma}$-primed macrophages and suggest that Rip2/IKK-${\beta}$ plays a critical role in mediating these immune regulatory effects of HRG.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.1649-1654
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• 2016

Tea derived from the leaves and buds of Camellia sinensis (Theaceae) is consumed worldwide. Green tea contains various components with specific health-promoting effects, and is believed to exert protective effects against diseases including cancer, diabetes and hepatitis, as well as obesity. Of the various tea components, the polyphenol catechins have been the subject of extensive investigation and among the catechins, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate has the strongest bioactivity in most cases. Our research group has postulated that hepatocyte nuclear factor-$4{\alpha}$, sterol regulatory element-binding proteins, and tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ are targets of green tea constituents including (-)-epigallocatechin gallate for their anti-diabetes, anti-obesity, and anti-hepatitis effects, respectively. Published papers were reviewed to determine whether the observed changes in these factors can be correlated with anti-cancer effects of green tea. Two major action mechanisms of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate have been proposed; one associated with its anti-oxidative properties and the other with its pro-oxidative activity. When reactive oxygen species are assumed to be involved, our findings that (-)-epigallocatechin gallate downregulated hepatocyte nuclear factor-$4{\alpha}$, sterol regulatory element-binding proteins, and tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ may explain the anti-cancer effect of green tea as well. However, further studies are required to elucidate which determinant directs (-)-epigallocatechin gallate action as an anti-oxidant or a pro-oxidant for favorable activity.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.187-193
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• 2013

The effect of Korean red ginseng (KRG) on diabetic renal damage was investigated using streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The diabetic rats showed loss of body weight gain, and increases in kidney weight and urine volume, whereas the oral administration of KRG at a dose of 100 or 250 mg/kg of body weight per day for 28 d prevented these diabetes-induced physiological abnormalities. Among the kidney function parameters, elevated plasma levels of urea nitrogen and creatinine in diabetic control rats tended to be lowered in KRG-treated rats. In addition, administration of KRG at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight in the diabetic rats showed significant decreases in serum glucose and tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$), implying that KRG might prevent the pathogenesis of diabetic complications caused by impaired glucose metabolism and oxidative stress. KRG also significantly reduced advanced glycation end product (AGE) formation and secretion from kidney of diabetic rats. Furthermore, KRG decreased the levels of N-(carboxymethyl) lysine and expression of AGE receptor. KRG also reduced the overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase in the kidney via deactivation of nuclear factor-kappa B. We also found that KRG prevented STZ-induced destruction of glomerular structure and significantly suppressed high glucose-induced fibronectin production. Taken together, KRG ameliorates abnormalities associated with diabetic nephropathy through suppression of inflammatory pathways activated by TNF-${\alpha}$ and AGEs. These findings indicate that KRG has a beneficial effect on pathological conditions associated with diabetic nephropathy.

• 약학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.125-131
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• 1998

The total ethanol extract of Angelica koreana radix (UmbeUiferae) showed potent inhibitory effect on tumor necrosis factors (TNF-${\alpha}$) production from LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells in screening studies on 118 Korean medicinal plants. The activity-guided fractionation of the total ethanol extract resulted in the isolation of 4 compounds, including active substances. The chemical structures of the compounds isolated were established by chemical and spectrometric analyses as imperatorin, isoimperatorin, osthol and oxypeucedanin. Among them, osthol, oxypeucedariin and isoimperatorin showed significant inhibitory activities on TNF-${\alpha}$ production as 54.3${\pm}$2.1%, 33.6${\pm}$1.0% and 17.7${\pm}$3.0%, respectively, at 12.5${\mu}$g/ml.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.1167-1177
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• 1998

연구배경 : 결핵은 우리나라에서 아직도 흔하게 발생하는 질환으로 세포면역반응에 의해 육아종이 형성되며, 이 과정에서 대식세포가 분비하는 tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-$\alpha$), Th1 세포가 생성하는 gamma-Interferon (INF-$\gamma$), 내피 세포가 표현하는 intercelluar adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1)이 중요한 역할을 할 것이라고 생각되었다. 방 법 : 저자들은 결핵의 경중(輕重)과 이러한 물질들이 관련이 있는가를 알아보기 위하여, 환자의 혈액을 채취하여 TNF-$\alpha$, INF-$\gamma$를 radioimmuno assay(RIA)로, ICAM-1이 혈액으로 유리된 형태인 sICAM-1을 enzyme linked immunosolvent assay(ELISA)로 각각 측정하였다. 또한 화학 요법에 따른 변화를 알기 위해 치료 시작후 6개월 시점에서 다시 추적검사를 실시하였다. 결 과 : TNF-$\alpha$, INF-$\gamma$, sICAM-1은 중등증과 중증의 결핵에서는 의미 있게 증가하였고, 경증에서는 의의가 없었다. 6개월간의 항결핵 치료후, sICAM-1은 임상경과에 동반하여 의미있는 감소를 보였지만. TNF-$\alpha$, INF-$\gamma$에서는 감소는 있었지만 의의는 없었다. 결 론 : 본 실험 결과 결핵의 세포 면역 매개과정에는 TNF-$\alpha$와 INF-$\gamma$가 매우 중요한 역할을 하며, 그 반응 정도가 질병의 병기에 따라 심할수록 많이 증가함을 관찰하였다. ICAM-1은 TNF-$\alpha$와 INF-$\gamma$ 농도와 비례하여 sICAM-1이 증가하였고, 질병의 병기에 따라 농도의 차이가 있을뿐 아니라, 치료경과에 비례하여 농도변화를 보여, 질병의 할동성을 나타내는 것 외에 치료 경과를 나타내는 지시자로서의 가능이 있을 것으로 생각된다.