• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.205-212
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• 2004

Now many sustitution and false articles is used in korea instead of heshouwu. To use heshouwu correctly, we will make a quilitative certificational plan of heshouwu to investigate all of lieraturea, records and documents. And we could reach conclusions as folloews. 1) Source of plant Heshouwu is a root tuber of a perennial herb Polygonum multiflorum Thunberg(Family : Polygonaceae). 2) Harvest After planting 3-5 yaers, harvesting in an autumn, washin clean the mud, a big heshouwu cut off a half or section, dry in sunny place or at a little fire. When harvesting, we harvest only a big thing, a small thing transfer a field, after culturing of 1-2 years, harvest at big roots. Harvesting is done usually in an autumn after 3 years. When collecting a seed, we must harvest a heshouwu the next year. 3) Process We must process heshouwu at the decoction of black beans, heshouwu suck in the decoction of black beans, heat with steam in an iron pot. Black beans is used every 100 kg of heshouwu. 4) Quility (1) Funstional standards It is good that weight is heavy and outer skin is yellow-brown, section surface is light red color, powdery and has a figure such as clouds in section. (2) Physicochemical standards Heshouwu expesses a various chang of components in process of working. We think that it need to add a standard of detection about 2,3,5,4'-tetrahrdroxystilbene-2-O-${\beta}$ -D-glucoside in a current authentic document which is a water-soluble component of heshouwu. It must that Dry on loss is less than 14.0%, content of ash is less than 5.0%, Content of acid-nonsoluble ash is less than 1.5%, Content of extract is more than 17.0%. A fixed quantity of 2,3,5,4'-tetrahrdroxystilbene-2-O-${\beta}$ -D-glucoside is more than 1.0%. Contens of heavy metal has to detect less than 30 ppm and there is no reminding agriculural medince.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.85-90
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• 2013

This study was conducted to examine the basis for the information to select the suitable potato varieties grown in new reclaimed land. The potatoes of five varieties were planted in the port with 4 different electrical conductivities of saturated extracts of soil taken the Saemangeum reclamation area, which was made of non-treatment salt and three concentrations of salt treatment, 1.6 dS $m^{-1}$, 3.2 dS $m^{-1}$, 4.8 dS $m^{-1}$, respectively. All of the potato varieties were uniformly emerged without missing plant in all treatment groups, even 4.8 dS $m^{-1}$ treatment group. According to the salt concentration of soil, required date to the emergence of the potato comparing to non-treatment salt was delayed 3-4 days in 1.6 dS $m^{-1}$, 6-10 days in 3.2 dS $m^{-1}$, 7-13 days in 4.8 dS $m^{-1}$, respectively, and the number of its branch decreased by 14-58% comparing to non-treatment salt depending on varieties. Since the increase of the salt concentration of the soil was more serious the decrease of the number of its branch, but plant height tended to increase when branch number per plant was small, which was depending on more number of its branch than salt concentration. Fresh tuber yield of potato comparing to non-treatment salt were decrease 33.7% in 1.6 dS $m^{-1}$, 59.5% in 3.2 dS $m^{-1}$, 79.3% 7-13 days in 4.8 dS $m^{-1}$, respectively. The threshold EC starting the growth inhibition of fresh weight decreased was 1.2 dS $m^{-1}$ for Chudong, 1.8 $m^{-1}$ for Chubeak, 1.9 $m^{-1}$ for Chugang and Chuyeong, and 2.0 $m^{-1}$ for Sumi, and EC which decreased 50% of dry weight index was 2.4 dS $m^{-1}$ for Chubaek, 2.45 dS $m^{-1}$ for Chudong, 2.81 dS $m^{-1}$ for Chugang, 3.03 dS $m^{-1}$ for Chuyeong, and 3.29 dS $m^{-1}$ for Sumi. The present results suggest that Sumi is considered to the suitable potato variety grown on saline soils.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.331-338
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• 2007

One-node stem pieces ca. 1 cm in length containing a axillary bud and a fully expanded leaf were obtained from it in vitro plants of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Leaves were removed and the nodes were cultured on the MS medium to investigate the effects of temperature, day length, sucrose, and CCC in microtuber formation and development. The fresh weight of microtubers after 80 days increased significantly at 8% sucrose and $20^{\circ}C$ compared with $28^{\circ}C$. The tuberization and development were reduced at $28^{\circ}C$ except short-day treatment of 8 hours at 8% sucrose. The fresh weight and diameter were increased on the culture medium added CCC 500 mg/L. The potato tuberization was promoted under short daylength, and it showed great effect by treatment with the CCC. Though the tuberization was promoted at low temperature of $20^{\circ}C$ in a histologic change of an axillary bud part cell of a potato, the cells were able to observe the swelling growth. Swelling growth of tissue was stimulated in the darkness and was more remarkable by addition of CCC. In particular, in the visual ratio of cell division for each position in the tissue, the cortex part showed larger ratio of cell expansion than that of the pith part. The effect of CCC was identified at 8% sucrose in the darkness. The effect of CCC was not showed in sucrose 3% under long daylength of 16 hours. As a result, the fact of a substance with AGPase important for starch composition was certified by the result with the inclose of AGPase activity on high concentration of sucrose, CCC, and dark treatment by which tuber formation and development are promoted.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.193-193
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• 2017

The black heart in potato is a physiological disorder that occurs when potatoes suffer from breathing problems. When storing potatoes at a low temperature around $0^{\circ}C$, there is a high possibility that the respiration rate of potato will rise and black heart will occur. Also, respiration can occur easily and briefly in a state where high temperature and ventilation is insufficient. Recently, as black heart has been occurred continuously and severely in South Korea, here we tried to identify the causes of black heart in potato and to develop the control strategy of this disorder. Firstly, we analyzed the influence on the black heart on the basis of preservation containers (breathable plastic box, burlap bag, paper box, sealed plastic box). After harvesting the potato which is cv. Superior, it preserved for 6 months under conditions of temperature $3.5^{\circ}C{\pm}0.2$ and humidity 85%, after then we surveyed the incidence of emergence rate, rate of weight loss and occurrence rate of black heart. Secondly, in order to investigate the time point of black heart initiation under the oxygen concentration condition of 1% or less, The potatoes were used for this experiment stored for 6 months in a aerated plastic box under conditions of temperature $3.5^{\circ}C{\pm}0.2$ and humidity 85% under sufficient oxygen condition. After stored for 6 month, those were stored at $15^{\circ}C$ and below 1% of oxygen for 25 days, and then the incidence of black heart was surveyed. Thirdly, to investigate the effects of the number of days after harvest on the occurrence of black heart, it was examined the occurrence of black heart stored on 40 days and 100 days after harvesting under sealed condition and vacuum condition. The temperature condition of potato storage was stored was at $4^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$ in humidity 85%. As a result of investigating the occurrence of black heart depending on the storage containers, all of the potatoes stored in the sealed plastic box had been occurred black heart. However, black heart of the potatoes in the other treatments did not. Potato preserved under the condition of below 1% of oxygen was found to occur 32% black heart after 25 days of storage. The potatoes corresponding to the required number of days after harvesting were stored for 31 days and the black heart was examined on the occurred. As a result, the potatoes which were 40 days after the harvest did not have black heart under sealed condition and vacuum condition. But potatoes harvested 100 days after harvesting had a black heart incidence of 95.7% under sealed condition at $4^{\circ}C$. The potato placed in the vacuum condition and a sealed state at $25^{\circ}C$ was transformed into anaerobic respiration, the inner tissue of tuber collapsed. Therefore, it is considered that black heart is caused by the breathing trouble in the central part when the oxygen is almost consumed after the aerobic respiration which gradually consumes the oxygen. We conclude that the black heart occurred in the central part where exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide is the slowest is sensitive to respiration disorder. It is thought that research to investigate black heart generation time according to storage conditions and post-harvest state of potatoes is further necessary.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.387-393
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• 2012

In order to improve storability of subtropical yam produced in South Korea, the major pathogens found during the storage were isolated and identified of the pathogenicity, and rot inhibition effect was studied based on the curing treatment condition. Penicillium sclerotigenum and Penicillium polonicum were identified as major pathogens causing rot in subtropical yam during storage, and P. sclerotigenum had stronger pathogenicity. Only the cut surface which has been made during a harvest and has been made smooth before curing generated a normal callus layer. The cut surface of tuberous root was cured in 95% of relativity humidity for three days at $23^{\circ}C$, and cured at $28^{\circ}C$ and $33^{\circ}C$. The observation of callus layer showed that the $23^{\circ}C$ treatment group had similar color saturation between tuberous root and pellicle, while the groups treated above $28^{\circ}C$ showed clear distinction. The generation rate of callus 0.5mm or bigger was 93 percent at $28^{\circ}C$ treatment, 96% at $33^{\circ}C$ treatment, but was 52% at $23^{\circ}C$ treatment. The conventional curing treatment group that used wind or sunlight at room temperature created little callus layer. The infection rate of pathogens according to the relative humidity inside the storage room was low at 40% and 60% of humidity, and the curing treatment period did not make a difference. When the humidity inside the storage room was 80%, all treatment groups rapidly increased the fungal pathogens. The rotten rate of each treatment was studied after 180 days during which the storage temperature was maintained at $16^{\circ}C$ and relative humidity 60%. While the rotten rate of tuberous root that has been cut in conventional curing treatment based on solar and wind was 43%, the one cured at over $28^{\circ}C$ and created the callus layer was less than 18%. While even a healthy tuberous root showed 25% of rotten rate in the traditional treatment group, the one cured at over $28^{\circ}C$ was less than 10%. The weight loss was 1-6% lower in the forced treatment group than in the conventional treatment group.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.14-22
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• 1983

To study ecological characteristics of Cyperus serotinus occuring in Korea its propagules were collected from 6 locations from the northern part to the southern part of Korea (Chuncheon, Suweon, Iri, Jeonju, Gwangju, Milyang) in 1981, cultured and replanted 4 times (May 20, June 5, June 20, July 5) in 1982. They flowered from August 10 to August 29 in the plants planted on May 20 and from August 22 to September 4 in the plants planted on July 5. Plant height, number of tillers and top fresh weight were 85-100cm, 375-1,500 tillers/$m^2$ and 500-1,750g/$m^2$, respectively, when they were planted on May 20, and 58-67cm, 300-625 tillers/ $m^2$ and 125-250g/$m^2$, respectively, when they were planted on July S. Weight of seeds and number of rhizomes per plant were 20-50g/$m^2$ and 20.75-61, respectively, whey, they were planted on May 20, and 5-17.5g/$m^2$ and 51.5-80.25 when they were planted on July 5. Local collections showed. the same morphological characteristics at the level of species identification, but there existed variations among the local collections. Cyperus serotinus from Chuncheon and Suweon were longer in the length of inflorescence, than those from Gwangju and Milyang and rhizomes from Chuncheon and Suweon were thicker than the others. Each of local collections may be regarded as different ecotype based on the above mentioned differences in morphology, growth and flowering response to the planting date. The results appear to imply that Cyperus serotinus weeds occuring in various locations of Korea are different one another in competitive ability with rice crop.