• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.97-105
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of an aquatic exercise program on physical fitness, body composition, and gait characteristics using trunk and pelvic angle in women living in urban fringe area. Methods: An aquatic exercise program consists of exercise in a swimming pool and self-help group activity with 16 women living in urban fringe (mean age: 63 years) for 8 weeks (twice a week for 2 hours). Physical fitness, body composition, trunk and pelvic angle using 2D video motion analyzer, and a questionnaire including socio-demographic variables were measured from July to August, 2013. Data were analyzed using a paired t-test with the SPSS/WIN 18.0 program. Results: At the end of 8 weeks intervention, there were significant decreases on body weight (p=.025), body fat (p=.030) and BMI (p=.011). There were significant increases on muscle strength (p=.001) and flexibility (p=.015). Trunk angle was significantly improved, which means participants less moved their body from side to side when they walked (p=.001). Conclusion: From this results, the aquatic exercise program could be an effective nursing intervention to improve physical fitness, body composition, and gait ability for women living in urban fringe area.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.95-108
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• 2003

The purposes of this study were to analyze the muscle activities and the characteristics of muscle recruiting patterns of upper trunk for Ssirum dutguri technique using three top-ranked elite Ssirum players. The EMG technique was used to record muscle activities of both right and left sides of latissimus dorsi, biceps brachii, and erector spinae. Six surface electrodes were placed on the surface of the selected muscles and one ground electrode was also attached on the back of neck(C7). One video camera was also used to record the Ssirum motion to define 4 events and 3 phases for further analysis. The raw EMG data were filtered with band pass filter (50-400 Hz) to remove artifacts and then low pass filtered (4 Hz) to find the linear envelope which resemble muscle tension curve. This filtered EMG data were normalized to MVIC for the purpose of comparion between the subjects. The results were indicated that each subject with different physical characteristics showed very different muscle activity patterns. Although Ssirum dutguri is considered as foot technique the player grasped opponent's satba(belt) with both hands when they play. Because of this reason, activities of upper trunk muscles were relatively high. However, direct comparison between upper and lower body muscles was not possible due to the lack of the data in present study. Interestingly, all threes subjects showed that erector spinae muscle activity was comparatively higher than those of latissimus dorsi and biceps brachii. This implies to reinforce back muscle as a routine of training to improve performance or to prevent back injury.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.71-77
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• 2018

Background: There are insufficient objective or quantitative evidence for the better intervention to improve proprioception particularly for the application of external load. There are conflicting opinions whether the external load is effective for proprioception improvement or not. Objects: The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of external load on proprioception of shoulder joint quantitatively using 3D motion capture system. Methods: Nine healthy adults joined for this study. They were asked to perform scapular plane abduction motion with attaching reflective markers on the trunk and upper limb. The 3D positions of finger marker, while they performed the same task with and without external load, were recorded and analyzed. Results: All participants showed decreased variable errors in the vertical direction when the external load was applied (p<.02). Even though other directions (y, z) and absolute errors increased, they did not have statistical significances. Conclusion: Based on this study results, the external load application would be effective for shoulder joint position sense improvement.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2000년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부 D
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• pp.765-768
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• 2000

Linearization of the biped dynamic equations and design of linear controller for the linearized equations are studied in this paper. The biped robot with inverted pendulum type trunk, used to stabilize the dynamic balancing of the biped robot during dynamic walking period, is modelled with 14 DOF and simulated. Despite of well defined linear control theories so far, the linear control methods was limited to the applications for a walking robot, because they have been inherently strong nonlinear properties, such as a modeling parameter uncertainties, external forces as noise, inertial and Coriolis terms by three dimensional modeling and so on. To linearize the nonlinear equations of motion of biped robot on MIMO and time varying linear equations of motion, 1st order Taylor series is used to formulate the linear equation. And a 2nd order numerical perturbation method Is used to approximate partial differential equations. Using the linearized equations of motion, a linear controller is designed by pole placement method with feed forward compensation. Using the obtained linearized equations and linear controller, the continuous walking simulation is performed.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.2248-2253
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• 2005

Although the progress in bipedal walking is impressive in recent years, biped robots still require very high torque and can walk only for a short time interval with their internal batteries. Therefore, further research needs to be carried out to enhance walking efficiency of these robots. In order to achieve this goal, we attempt to imitate human walking with pelvis and waist joint rotations in the frontal plane. In order to investigate the effect of the pelvis and waist joint rotations in the frontal plane motion, we study the frontal plane model with a triangular structure made up of a waist joint and two hip joints. Through simulation, we show that the pelvis rotation can reduce the maximum torque and the control effort, and the waist joint rotation can reduce the trunk sway caused by the pelvis rotation. The combination of these two rotations makes the bipedal walking in the frontal plane more efficient.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.51-62
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• 2003

This study was attempted to kinematical characteristics of the El-grip swing with 1turn to el-grip in elite horizontal bar for the purpose of improving performance. The subjects were three males who were 2002 Busan Asian Games in men's team. The three dimensional motion analysis with DLT method was executed using three video cameras of analyzing the actual competition situation. In point of analyzing the actual competition situation, it is expected that gymnastics and coaches have the effective informations, and the following conclusion had resulted. 1. In case of release, It is impotant to make fast horizontal velocity of CM, high vertical position of CM, large hip and shoulder angle. Also It should be performed release motion of trunk rotation angle(+). 2. During LHR the action should be made at higher position than the CM and the shoulder joint is moving within $127{\pm}16.82$. It is important to make large lunk rotation angle. 3. During Hop, the RHR motion should be done in high position with short time and fast twisting action and to reduce the vertical speed is important.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.185-204
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to obtain the data for stable and accurate techniques of the free throw in basketball. The subjects of this study were seven male basketball player consisted of college students athletes. Free throw motions were taken by video camera. The three-dimensional coordinates was processed by DLT. The variables were the velocity, the angular velocity of the upper extremity segments, degree, and angular momentum. The result of analysis is summarized as follows. 1. The velocity and angular velocity of the upper extremity segment was showed an gradual increase and a smooth velocity transfer, transferring from proximal segment to distal segment at free throw motion in basketball. 2. The local term and remote term angular velocity momentum of the proximal segment showed larger than that of the distal segment in X, Y, Z axis component all. 3. The remote term angular momentum was showed larger than that of the local term angular momentum in X, Y, Z axis component all. 4. The angular motion of the upper trunk and upper arm, upper arm and forearm was showed in opposite direction and symmetrical angular momentum in local term angular momentum of the Y and Z axis component. 5. All the segments of upper extremity segment was showed left rotation in remote term angular momentum of the Y axis component and right rotation in remote term angular momentum of the Z axis component.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.363-373
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• 2010

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to compare differences in thoracolumbar ranges of motions by comparing ratios among 4 type diagnosis for patient with chronic low back pain. Methods : The subjects were 58 chronic low back pain patients. A motion analysis program (Global Postural System) was used after photography for posture measurement. To analyze differences in mobility percentages and ratios of thoracolumbar ranges of motion, one-way ANOVA was used. Results : Regional difference spinal posture and movement were found to diagnosis patients with chronic low back pain. Comparison of thoracolumbar ranges of motion revealed significant differences in the thoracic region during forward-bending of the trunk (p<.05). In the upper thoracic region, the herniated intervertebral lumbar disc (HILD) group was significantly larger than the spinal stenosis/herniated intervertebral lumbar disc (SS/HILD) group (p<.05). In the lower thoracic region, chronic sprains (CS) were significantly greater than in the spinal stenosis (SS) group and in the (SS/HJLD) group (p<.05). Comparative analysis of thoracic/lumbar mobility ratio showed the CS group's ratio during forward bending was largest: 1.66, while the HILD group's ratio was smallest: 84 a significant difference between the two groups (p<.01). Diagnosis was not associated with difference in thoracolumbar backward-bending range of motion (p>.05). Conclusion : Theses results indicate the clinical efficacy of diagnosing for chronic low back pain by evaluating spinal mobility.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.519-524
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• 2023

이 연구는 경기상황과 유사한 점프 동작이 포함된 배드민턴 기술 동작 시 근육의 활성도의 차이를 조사함으로써 효율적인 기술훈련을 위한 기초자료를 구성하기 위한 목적이다. 남자 배드민턴 선수 7명을 대상으로 하여 스매시, 드롭, 클리어 기술을 무선배정으로 실시하였으며, 3가지 기술 동작 시행 중 근전도를 측정하였다. 측정된 근전도는 RMS로 산출하였으며 일원분산분석을 실시하였다. 스매싱 동작의 근활성도는 부위에 따른 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 드롭 동작에서 상지 근육 중 PM의 활성도는 BC, ECR보다 낮았으며, FCR의 활성도는 EC보다 낮았다. ECR의 활성도는 PM, FCR보다 높았다. 몸통 근육 중 ES의 활성도는 RF, GM보다 낮았다. 하지 근육 중 RF의 활성도는 ES, BF보다 높았다. 클리어 동작에서 상지 근육 중 TC의 활성도는 FCR보다 높았다. 몸통 근육 중 ES의 활성도는 BF보다 낮았다. 하지 근육 중 RF의 활성도는 BF보다 높았으며, BF의 활성도는 RF, GM보다 낮았다. GM의 활성도는 BF보다 높았다. 배드민턴 기술에 따른 근활성도는 FCR에서 스매시와 드롭 동작이 클리어 동작보다 높았으며, RA에서 클리어가 스매시, 드롭 동작보다 높았다. 종합하면, 배드민턴 경기 중 근육활동은 기술별 특성에 따라 다르게 나타나고 노쪽손목굽힘근은 스매시와 드롭, 배곧은근은 클리어 동작에 영향을 미칠 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.484-492
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• 2008

Sit to stand(STS) movement is one of the most common activity in daily life. In addition, Korean traditionally stand up from various sitting heights in one's daily life compared to other foreigners. As Korea enter rapidly to the aging society, needs of the elderly's independent life are increasing. Therefore the importance of research about the analysis of elderly's activity in daily life is rapidly increasing. In this study, we analyzed joint movements and changes of muscle length during STS(sit-to-stand) at various sitting heights(table seat, bath seat, bottom) in the Korean elderly's daily life by using the motion analysis and musculoskeletal modeling. Ten Korean elderly and young were participated in this experiment. Three heights of sitting posture which could represent typical sitting in Korean daily life were chosen as table seat(42cm), bath seat(21cm) and bottom(0cm). As the results, the elderly showed both smaller knee/hip flexion and larger trunk flexion relatively in comparison to the young during table seat STS. The elderly also showed larger dorsiflexion and smaller ROM of knee, hip, trunk compared to the young during bath seat STS. Additionally, the elderly showed larger plantarflexion, hip flexion, smaller knee flexion and trunk flexion during the first half of bottom STS and larger knee flexion, hip flexion and trunk flexion during the second half of bottom STS. In addition, we could know contraction and relaxation characters of major muscles in lower limb during various STS through the analysis of changes in muscle length by musculoskeltal modeling.