• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.55-64
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• 1996

The aim of this study is to get the basic data to design the clothing for the female teachers. In this study, we survey the practice of the wear in the spring and the fall of the 422 female teachers in primary, middle and high school, and their wearing sensation according to clothing construction factors. The results are as follows: first, the female teachers frequently wear blouse and skirt, jacket and blouse, jacket and T-shirts, cardigan and T-shirts in upper wear. Second, most female teachers had troubles in their clothing at work. They had serious troubles in writing on the blackboard, due to the improper form and. length of the sleeves, and the inconvenience of their skirt is due to the improper length, while they go up the strains. Third, the comfortable factors of the female teachers' blouse are as follows; round neck line, soutien and peter pan collar, sleeve attatched bodice with a little loose armhole, $10{\sim}20cm$ under from waist in length, front slit, and fastening bottons. In case of skirt, they perceive A-lined, flared, pleats skirt more convieniently than tight one, which are 10cm under from kneeline in length, side fastening system, back slit.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 유체기계공업학회 2001년도 유체기계 연구개발 발표회 논문집
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• pp.197-202
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• 2001

The heat produced by the fission in the fuel of HANARO, 30 MW of research reactor, was transferred from the primary cooling water to the secondary cooling water through heat exchangers. The secondary cooling water absorbed the heat was circulated by secondary cooling pumps and cooled through 33 MW of cooling tower. Each capacity of the three secondary cooling pumps was fifty percent ($50\%$) of full load. The two pumps were normally operated and the other pump was standby. One of the secondary cooling pumps has often get troubles by high vibration. To release these troubles the pump shaft has been re-aligned, the pump bearing has been replaced with new one, the shaft sleeve has been replaced with new one, the shaft and the impeller have been re-weight balanced representatively or the vibration of motor has been tested by disconnecting the shaft of pump. But the high vibration of pump cannot be cleared. We find out the weight balance trouble of the assembly that the impeller is installed in the shaft. After clearing the trouble, the high vibration is released and the pump is operated with smooth. In this paper the trouble solution of secondary cooling pump is described including the reason of high vibration.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.2319-2344
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• 2010

Accumulated deficits resulting from managing the Korean Railroad and debts from the construction of the KTX (Korea Train Express which is a high-speed rail system) have left the Korean Railroad faced with great troubles. Since it changed into a public corporation Korail on January 1st, 2005, the Korea Railroad has been making unceasing efforts to overcome the troubles and improve its management. However, even these efforts haven't worked in the face of the improved conditions of other transportation methods such as better networks of land roads and air ways. The Korea Railroad had its revenue from its railway transportation limited, and has tried to expand its business to non-transportational areas. In some metropolitan cities, the Korea Railroad made investments in real estate by constructing station buildings based on private money. Yet, in small and medium size cities, the Korea Railroad has little particular strategic projects for business development. Recently certain small and medium size regional cities began to plan on business developments for the ex-railway land, and some small towns have developed real estate on the ex-railway land. Nevertheless, there have been no systematic case studies to classify these real estate developments.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.198-203
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• 1987

국내 2개 선박회사로부터 입수한 1978년부터 1986년까지의 중요 기관고장에 관한 자료를 주성분분석법에 의하여 분석한 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 분석결과는 각성분의 인자부하량 크기에 따라 전기.자동제어기기, 보기류, 배관계, 과급기.냉동기류, 주기관계의 5그룹으로 나눌 수 있다. 2. 기기의 고장현상을 발열.소손, 고장원인은 부식.마모 및 오조작, 그리고 기기이상검출의 수단은 누설.혼탁 등이 매우 높은 비중을 차지하고 있다. 3. 주기관의 고장원인은 연료.윤활유 불량이 가장 큰 비중을 차지하며 주로 진동.이음에 의하여 이상을 검출하는 경우가 많다. 4. 전기.자동제어기기 고장은 피해도 비교적 적으며 기계계의 고장 피해는 큰 편이다. 5. 주기관 등은 기기이상의 확실한 사실에 의하여 이상이 검지되는 경향이 매우 강하며 보기류, 과급기.냉동기.에어콘 등은 운전원의 감각적 판단에 의하여 이상이 검지되는 경향이 강하다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2012

Dentists are known to be highly exposed to the musculoskeletal disorders (MSD). The present study investigated the prevalence of MSD among Korean dentists and association between their MSD and physical workload. In addition, detailed causes related to the physical workloads were identified in dental operation, and needs for improvement of dental instrument and environment were collected from Korean dentists. The standardized Nordic questionnaire was used to survey body troubles and three types of questionnaires were made to investigate the physical workloads, causes of the physical workloads and improvement priority of dental equipments, respectively. A total of 104 Korean dentists were participated in the survey. Neck trouble (82%) was the most prevalent in Korean dentists, and shoulder (68%) and low back trouble (56%) followed, while low back trouble was reported to be most frequent in previous studies. The body troubles were related to the physical workload of the corresponding body parts, although they were not associated with personal characteristics. Most Korean dentists selected 'to keep direct view inside patient's mouth' and 'no support of the hand with dental instruments' as the causes of awkward and strenuous work postures. They wanted design improvement for some equipment in their operating room such as operating light and arrangement of workplace.

• 융합신호처리학회논문지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.60-65
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• 2004

고주파 유도 가열 시스템에서 철과 같은 물체를 가열하게 되면, 가열된 금속이 큐리점 부근에서 전기적인 임피던스가 급격하게 변화하는 특징을 가지는 시변 시스템이 된다. 또한 부하 임피던스가 변화함에 따라 시스템의 부하 공진 주파수가 달라지므로 해서 시스템의 효율이 감소하는 문제점이 있었다. 그리고, 피가열 물체의 용융이나 삽입 상태에 따른 시스템의 단락 현상으로 인해 시스템이 파괴되는 문제점이 있었다. 본 논문에서는 이런 문제점을 해결하기 위한 방법으로 PLL에 의한 부하 공진 주파수를 추종하면서 스위칭 손실을 줄이고, 시변 부하에 대한 유도 가열시 큐리점 부근의 급격한 부하 임피던스 변화에도 안정된 정전력 제어가 가능할 뿐 아니라 대전력용에 적합하고, 단락현상으로부터 시스템을 보호하는 병렬 공진형 인버터 시스템에 적용되는 퍼지논리 제어기를 설계하였다.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.321-351
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• 2004

According to increase of Franchise Agreements, troubles related to those agreements and trading acts occur frequently. As Franchise system had come from Western countries, franchise agreement troubles tend to international disputes. In fact, those parties entered into a franchise agreement prefer arbitration to lawsuit as a dispute resolution system because arbitration is easy to risk-management for cost and time. The essential conditions for Franchise agreements are as follows ; for Franchise to grant Intellectual Properties to Franchisee, to give an impression of the same company between Franchise and Franchisee, to control and support Franchisee, for Franchisee to be an independent merchant, and to pay Franchiser license fee. Because Franchise Agreement is also based on liberty of contract, Franchise and Franchisee could enter into any kind of agreement. However, Franchiser can make an unfair agreement abusing a position of advantage. This paper check those unfair terms and conditions in Franchise agreement. Once they enter into an agreement, they should fulfil their contract. In case of trouble on performing the contract, both of them have to discuss to solve that trouble faithfully. But, they enter into either lawsuit or arbitration in accordance with agreement when they can't reach a decision in general. Specially, which is the most popular dispute resolution hands in case of Intellectual Property License agreement. General international Franchise Agreements have arbitration terms, but there is other case such as separate Arbitration Agreement if the want, which is separate from Franchise License agreement, so even though Franchise License agreement is invalidated, Arbitration agreement continues to exist, This paper reviews Franchise system and the terms of arbitration in Franchise agreement.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2013

Purpose: This study aims to test the validity and criteria-related reliability of the Korean version of the Copenhagen Psyco-social Questionnaire version II (COPSOQ-K) assessing the psychosocial working environment. Methods: The COPSOQ-K was developed through forward-backward translation techniques, and revision based on feedback from focus groups. Survey data were collected from 311 office workers who worked in one workplace. An internal consistency reliability was estimated by Cronbach's ${\alpha}$. The impacts of the COPSOQ-K scales on job satisfaction, self-rated health, stress, sleeping troubles, burnout, and sickness absence were analyzed with multiple regression model or multiple logistic regression model, adjusted age and gender using SAS version 9.3. The Pearson correlation coefficients between the COPSOQ-K scales and Korean job stress and its subdomain were identified. Results: Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ of COPSOQ-K scales was adequate or good (0.66~0.87). The major COPSOQ-K scales predict job satisfaction, self-rated health, stress, sleeping troubles burnout, and sickness absence. The major COPSOQ-K scales were correlated with Korean job stress and its subdomain. Conclusion: The COPSOQ-K scales have satisfactory reliability and criteria-related validity. The COPSOQ-K scales will be useful for the future studies and practices associated with psychosocial working environment.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제32호
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• pp.82-89
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• 2002

This study is focused on the chairs for students, especially, middle school students who grow rapidly compared with other group. We make a certain definite possibilities by the scientific and medical comparison of the approved chair with existing chair about the function of feet-height control & the application of the flexible back. The object of this test is middle & high school student (ratio of gender is the same) in Inchon. And the study types are two. One is to bring a matter and to suggest a design as alternative, the other is to verify propriety of the alternative. The major finding from the research are summarized as follows: 1) K·S standards for existing chairs are not proper to the growth rate of present juveniles, and they don't cope with proactive the discrepancy of growth pace. 2) Existing chairs have caused troubles by using only the fixed back of a chair. This troubles made bad influences on juveniles in a growth period. 3) Even existing chairs can adjust the back of a chair, they can be easily broken , and if they adjusted once, they can't be easily controled. Furthermore, it is Impossible to manage them because of the rust of control parts. 4) In the case of supplying the same sizes of them, juveniles who are different to growth rate respectively, can't accept the chairs. Even supplied adjustable chairs, they cant be ideal types of chairs in Open Classroom mode.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.106-112
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• 2000

Cognition and control of grinding trouble occurring during the grinding process are classified into a quantitative knowledge which depends on experimental data and qualitative knowledge which relies on skiful engineers. grinding operations include a large number of functional parameters since there are several ways of coping with ginding trouble. One is the qualitative method which depends on empirical knowledge utilizing the skilful experts from the workshop the other is the quantitative method which utilizes the experimental data obtained by sensor. But they are all difficult to accomplish from the grinding trouble-shooting system The reason is that grinding troubles are not accomplish from the grinding trouble-shooting system,. The rason is that grinding troubles are not easily controlled in the quantitative method and therefore trouble-shooting has mainly relied on the knoledge of skiful engineers. Thus there is an important issue of how a grinding touble-shooting system can be designed and what knowledge is utilized among the large amount of grinding trouble information. In this paper basic strategy to develop the grinding database by taking rule-based model which is strongly depended upon experience and intuition is described.