• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.62-70
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• 2015

Purpose: Cardiac complications may occur in cases of organophosphate (OP) poisoning. However, a few studies regarding patterns of cardiac toxicity as determined by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) after exposure to OP have been reported. In the current study, the authors examined cardiac functions using TTE in patients with myocardial injury caused by exposure to OP. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on 16 consecutive cases of OP poisoning with myocardial injury (defined as elevated troponin I within 48 hours of arrival at the regional emergency center in South Korea and diagnosed and treated at the center from January 2012 to November 2014. Results: TTE was performed in 11 (69%) of the 16 patients with an elevated troponin I (TnI) level within 48 hours. Of these 11 patients, 5 patients (45.5%) exhibited reduced ejection fraction (EF), and 3 exhibited regional wall motion abnormality (RWMA). Two patients (18.2%) had both reduced systolic function and RWMA. Two of the 5 patients with reduced EF returned to normal systolic function, however two patients did not regain normal systolic function after admission. One patient expired due to multiple organ failure, and 4 patients were transferred with a moribund status. Twelve of 15 patients who survived to discharge (at 4 to 35 months) were followed. Five of these patients died during follow-up and 7 survived without further complications. Conclusion: OP can cause reversible cardiac dysfunction including reduced systolic function and RWMA. Serum TnI may be useful for initial assessment of cardiac function during the workup of patients suffering from OP poisoning. After the initial assessment of cardiac enzyme, further evaluation with TTE in patients with abnormal cardiac enzyme will be necessary to understand the cardiac toxicity.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.207-213
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• 1998

These experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of electrical stimulation(ES) and delayed chilling (DC) on the quality characteristics of Hanwoo beef. The left half carcass was treated with ES(550V, 90sec)within postmortem 30min. The electrical stimulated half carcass was subjected to chilling at 16$^{\circ}C$ for 24hr, and then stored at 2$\pm$2$^{\circ}C$ for 15days (ESDC). The right half carcass was stored at 2$\pm$2$^{\circ}C$ for 15 days (NES). ESDC showed a rapid pH fall and tended to reach to pH5.54 at postmortem 2 hrs. But, there was no consistent effect of electrical stimulation and delayed chilling on meat color, cooking loss and water holding capacity. Myofibril fragmentation index was higher than that of NES during storage. ESDC showed lower shear force value and strength consistently than NES. SDS-PAGE band patterns of myofibrils showed the rapid breakdown of troponin T and troponin I band in ESDC, compared with NES, and revealed the specific band below myosin light chain-2 pattern in ESDC.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.498-504
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• 2002

목 적 : 오랫동안 청색증에 노출된 선천성 심장병인 경우 심근의 지속적인 저산소증은 수술 전후로 심근에 영향을 미칠 것으로 기대되는데 최근 소아에서의 cardiac specific protein인 cTpn-I에 대한 연구가 활발하여 조금이나마 예측이 가능하게 되었다. 본 연구에서는 청색증을 보이는 심장질환의 경우 수술 전후의 심근 손상과 수술 경과를 cTpn-I를 중심으로 살펴보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 2001년 3월 1일부터 2001년 6월 30일까지 부천세종병원 소아과에서 활로씨 4징 혹은 우심실 양대혈관 기시의 진단을 받고 흉부외과에서 완전교정술을 받은 25명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 대조군으로 같은 기간에 심실중격수술을 받은 10명의 환아들(D군)과 대상 환아들을 수술 전 산소 포화도에 따라 A군(>90%) B군(80-90%), 그리고 C군(<80%)으로 나누었다. 각 군별로 수술 전 혈색소, 수술 연령 및 체중과 수술 기록지를 통해 수술 중 경과를 고찰하였고 수술 후의 경과를 관찰함과 동시에 cTpn-I 및CK-MB의 혈중농도와 산소 포화도를 수술 전, 수술 후 24시간 그리고 수술 후 72시간째에 측정하였다. 결 과: 25명의 대상 환아들은 대조군인 A군이 6명, B군이 12명, C군이 7명 그리고 D군이 10명으로 구성되었다. 수술 전 혈색소의 농도는 A군이 $12.9{\pm}1.3g/dL$, B군 $13.8{\pm}1.8 g/dL$, C군은 $17.0{\pm}4.1 g/dL$ 그리고 D군은 $12.1{\pm}0.9 g/dL$로 각 군간의 유의한 차이가 있었으나(P=0.01) 각 군간의 수술 나이와 수술 당시의 체중은 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 수술 전 cTpn-I의 농도는 A군이 $0.23{\pm}0.12 ng/mL$, B군이 $0.25{\pm}0.12ng/mL$, C군이 $0.26{\pm}0.13ng/mL$ 그리고 D군이 $0.24{\pm}0.08ng/mL$로 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았으나 청색증이 심할수록 cTpn-I 농도가 높은 경향을 보였다. 대상군들의 수술 당시 CPB time과 ACC time 그리고 수술 후 인공호흡기 유지시간과 중환자실 입원기간은 대조군과는 큰 차이를 보였으나 대상군 사이에서는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 수술 후 24시간째의 cTpn-I 의 농도는 A, B, C, D 군이 각각 $10.04{\pm}5.28 ng/mL$, $12.50{\pm}6.86 ng/mL$, $12.55{\pm}9.90 ng/mL$, $3.35{\pm}2.93 ng/mL$ 대상군에서 대조군 보다 높게 나타났으며 대상군내에서도 C군에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 수술 후 72시간째의 cTpn-I의 농도는 환자군인 A, B, C군에서 각각 $1.58{\pm}0.80 ng/mL$, $2.92{\pm}1.36 ng/mL$, $4.96{\pm}3.14ng/mL$로 대조군의 $0.83{\pm}0.58ng/mL$과 비교해도 유의하게 높았고 환자군 내에서도 수술 전 산소 포화도에 따라 의미 있는 차이가 있었다(P=0.000). 또한 수술 후 72시간째의 cTpn-I의 농도는 수술 후 24시간째의 그것과 통계적으로 유의한 상관관계를 보였다(P=0.001). 수술전이나 수술 후 24시간, 72시간째의 CK-MB 농도는 각 군간에 유의한 차이를 발견할 수 없었다. 결 론: 수술 전의 지속적인 청색증은 수술 후의 cTpn-I의 농도를 높일 수 있으며 특히 수술 후 72시간째의 농도가 높아짐으로 수술 후 심근 회복에 영향을 끼칠 수 있다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2016

Unfortunately, the five-year survival rate of lung cancer is relatively low compared with other cancers. Therefore, better predictors are need for prognosis, therapeutic strategy, risk stratification and predicting long-term mortality of lung cancer. Recently, increasing data suggest that Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) and procalcitonin levels are useful predictor cancer prognosis. In this study, we retrospectively investigated the correlation of GPS or procalcitonin to clinical variables in patients with pretreatment lung cancer. In 135 patients with pretreatment lung cancer, GPS, procalcitonin, demographic characteristics, hematological, coagulation, biochemical, inflammatory and cardiac markers were measured. Monocyte, eosinophil, basophil, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, red cell distribution width (RDW), platelet to lymphocyte ratio, mean platelet volume to platecrit ratio, D-dimer and prothrombin time (PT) levels were higher, whereas mean platelet volume was lower than their normal ranges. Glucose and sodium levels were low, whereas gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), total bilirubin, creatinine and inorganic phosphorus concentrations were increase compared their normal ranges. Procalcitonin, high sensitivity C-reactive protein and troponin-I concentrations were elevated compared with their normal ranges. GPS had significantly positive or negative relations to cancer stage, hematological, coagulation, biochemical, inflammatory and troponin-I. Based on the data, we suggest that GPS may be a potent and useful predictor for prognosis, therapeutic strategy, risk stratification and predicting long-term mortality of lung cancer.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.483-489
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• 2020

Background: Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) has been known to possess many ginsenosides. These ginsenosides are used for curing cardiovascular problems. The present study show the protective potential of KRG against doxorubicin (DOX)-induced myocardial dysfunction, by assessing electrocardiographic, hemodynamic, and biochemical parameters and histopathological findings. Methods: Animals were fed a standard chow and adjusted to their environment for 3 days before the experiments. Next, the rats were equally divided into five groups (n = 9, each group). The animals were administered with KRG (250 and 500 mg/kg) for 10 days and injected with DOX (20 mg/kg, subcutaneously, twice at a 24-h interval) on the 8th and 9th day. Electrocardiography and echocardiography were performed to study hemodynamics. Plasma levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and malondialdehyde were measured. In addition, the dose of troponin I and activity of myeloperoxidase in serum and cardiac tissue were analyzed, and the histopathological findings were evaluated using light microscopy. Results: Administration of KRG at a dose of 250 and 500 mg/kg recovered electrocardiographic changes, ejection fraction, fractional shortening, left ventricular systolic pressure, the maximal rate of change in left ventricle contraction (-dP/dt_max), and left ventricle relaxation (-dP/dt_max). In addition, KRG treatment significantly normalized the oxidative stress markers in plasma, dose dependently. In addition, the values of troponin I and myeloperoxidase were ameliorated by KRG treatment, dose dependently. And, KRG treatment showed better histopathological findings when compared with the DOX control group. Conclusion: These mean that KRG mitigates myocardial damage by modulating the hemodynamics, histopathological abnormality, and oxidative stress related to DOX-induced cardiomyopathy in rats. The results of the present study show protective effects of KRG on cardiac toxicity.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제29권11호
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• pp.977-983
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• 2006

The objective was to devise an animal model of myocardial infarction (MI) against which cardioprotective drugs might be tested. We describe the effects of nimesulide, a COX experience with development and validation of such a model. The rabbit was chosen in preference to rodents because its heart and cardiac circulation more closely resemble those of human. Thus, the cardiovascular system of anaesthetized male rabbits, 1 to 1.5 kg (n=11), was stressed by a single bolus intravenous injection of isoprenaline (ISP), 65 mg/kg. The effects of the injection were followed for sixteen days and were evaluated in four ways: 1) measurements of creatinine kinase isozyme and troponin-I (TPI) in serum 2) Electrocardiographic (ECG) changes (ST elevation and Q wave development) 3) Cardiac histopathology observed in tissue sections of the isolated of the heart. The histopathological analysis showed that rabbit heart on 2nd day after ISP injection showed changes of coagulation necrosis. Day 4 total coagulation with the loss of nuclear and striation associated with heavy interstitial infiltrate of neutrophils was found. Day 8 after infarction showed collagen deposition with capillary channels in between the remaining islands of myocytes in the infarcted area. On the 16th day scarring was complete. Coronary perfusion rates (CPR) and heart rate (HR) of the infarcted and nimesulide (a COX-2 inhibitor) treated rabbits displayed significant improvement (n=11) on each corresponding day after infarction as compared to the infarcted and saline treated rabbits (P<0.05). All four indices revealed similarities with effects commonly associated with MI in humans.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.1539-1546
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• 2007

연구저자들은 심장판막 수술 환자를 대상으로 냉각 혈액 심정지액에 마그네슘 첨가(2 g)의 효과를 실험하였다. 수술동안 및 후의 $Mg^{++}$ 농도와 $Ca^{++}$ 농도는 마그네슘군이 대조군보다 유의하게 더 높았다. 수술 후 시기에 총 백혈구 수, CK-MB, troponin-I, interleukin-6의 농도는 마그네슘군이 대조군보다 유의하게 더 낮았다. 수술 후 심방세동 발생률 역시 마그네슘군이 대조군보다 유의하게 더 낮았다. 본 연구의 결과들은 심장수술 시 심정지액에 대한 일정량의 마그네슘 첨가가 특별한 부작용 없이 저마그네슘혈증, 전신염증반응, 심방세동의 발생률을 줄이고 심근보호 효과 역시 가져다줌을 시사하고 있다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.728-732
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• 2007

In the present article, a novel fusion expression vector for Escherichia coli was developed based on the pTORG plasmid, a derivative of pET32a. This vector, named pT7MT(GenBank Accession No DQ504436), carries a T7 promoter and it drives the downstream gene encoding Metallothionein 2A(MT2A). There are in-framed multiple cloning sites(MCS) downstream of the MT2A gene. A target gene can be cloned into the MCS and fused to the C-terminal of the MT2A gene in a compatible open reading frame(ORF) to achieve fusion expression. The metal-binding capability of MT2A allows the purification of fusion proteins by metal chelating affinity chromatography, known as $Ni^{2+}$-affinity chromatography. Using this expression vector, we successfully got the stable and high-yield expression of MT2A-GST and MT2A-Troponin I fusion proteins. These two proteins were easily purified from the supernatant of cell lysates by one-step $Ni^{2+}$-affinity chromatography. The final yields of MT2A-GST and MT2A-Troponin I were 30mg/l and 28mg/l in LB culture, respectively. Taken together, our data suggest that pT7MT can be applied as a useful expression vector for stable and high-yield production of fusion proteins.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.167-177
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 사람의 지방조직(human adipose tissue-derived stem cells, HAD), 탯줄(human umbilical cordderived stem cells, HUC), 그리고 양막(human amnion-derived stem cells, HAM)유래 줄기세포를 분리하여 세포의 형태 및 성장속도를 비교하고, 역전사 중합효소 연쇄반응과 면역세포화학 염색법을 이용하여 유전자와 단백질 발현을 비교 분석하였다. 또한 지방유래 줄기세포를 이용하여 심장근육세포로의 분화를 유도하였다. 본 연구 결과, 탯줄과 양막유래 줄기세포의 형태는 매우 유사하였으며, 지방유래 줄기세포의 형태는 다른 것으로 나타났다. 분열시간은 탯줄유래 줄기세포가 가장 빨랐으나 총 분열 횟수는 양막유래 줄기세포와 같았으며, 지방유래 줄기세포의 총 분열횟수가 가장 많았다. 세 종류 줄기세포의 유전자와 단백질 발현은 비슷한 양상을 나타냈다. 지방세포, 골세포, 연골세포로의 분화 유도 결과 세 종류의 줄기세포 모두 분화 유도되었다. 또한, 심장세포 특이 유전자의 발현 분석 결과 세 종류의 줄기세포에서 유사한 발현 양상을 나타냈다. 이 중 지방유래 줄기세포를 24시간 동안 $10\;{\mu}M$ 5-azacytidine 처리 후 기본 배양액에서 4주 동안 배양하거나 또는 5-azacytidine 처리 후 bone morphogenic protein-2(BMP-2)와 fibroblast growth factor-10(FGF-10) 또는 BMP-4와 FGF-4 또는 BMP-4와 FGF-8이 첨가된 배양액으로 4주 동안 배양하여 심근세포로의 분화를 유도하였다. 분화 유도 후 심장세포 특이 유전자 발현을 분석 결과 cardiac myosin light chain-1(Cmlc-1)과 L-type calcium channel ${\alpha}1C$ subunit(${\alpha}1C$) 유전자의 발현이 증가하였다. 그러나 troponin T(TnT), troponin I(TnI) 그리고 potassium channel Kv4.3 subunit (Kv4.3) 유전자의 발현은 증가하지 않았다. 본 연구 결과, 지방, 탯줄 및 양막유래 줄기세포는 특성이 매우 유사한 것으로 나타났으며, 심장 질환 치료를 목적으로 하는 세포 치료에 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 또한, 적절한 배양조건 하에서 성장인자와 cytokine들을 처리하여 심장세포로의 분화 유도가 이루어진다면 임상적용에 유용한 세포로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.693-699
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• 2012

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Woohwangcheungsimweun (ox bezoar), deer antlers, and wild ginseng on induction of cardiomyocyte differentiation using the established mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. The expression of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) was highest in Woohwangcheungsimweun treatment group. The expression of rabbit anti-GATA-4(GATA-4) and troponin (TnI) were highest in wild ginseng and Woohwangcheungsimweun treatment groups, respectively. Fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis showed that the expression of ANP was highest in Dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO) and Woohwangcheungsimweun treatment groups. The expression of GATA-4 was relatively high in wild ginseng treatment group. The expression of TnI was highest in Woohwangcheungsimweun treatment group. In the gene expression analysis, DMSO greatly inhibited GATA-4 expression to 25% of control. Woohwangcheungsimweun treatment caused to increase cTnI and cardiac ANP expression significantly. Wild ginseng extract upregulated GATA-4 gene expression. In conclusion, DMSO widely used as cardiomyocyte differentiation inducer did not show significant effects on the expression of ANP, GATA-4 and TnI in this study. Woohwangcheungsimweun showed upregulation of ANP and TnI expression. Wild ginseng extract showed greater effects than DMSO on GATA-4 expression. These results might suggest that the combination of Woohwangcheungsimweun and wild ginseng extract treatment can be expected to increase expressions of all three genes.