• 한국ITS학회 논문지
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.16-27
• /
• 2016

본 연구는 고령자의 목적별 보행 행태에 대한 기초분석과 함께 토빗모형을 활용해 보행 행태에 영향을 끼치는 요인을 규명하였다. 영향요인으로는 보행자 행태와 연관 있는 개인 특성, 가구 특성, 존 특성 변수 등을 선정하였다. 보행 행태를 대변하는 변수로는 보행 빈도와 보행 시간 변수를 채택하였다. 분석 결과, 보행시간 모형이 빈도 모형보다 더 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 목적별로는 교육 목적 모형의 설명력이 가장 낮았으며 기타목적 모형은 다양한 특성이 혼재되어 있었다. 독립변수로는 개인, 가구 및 존 특성 변수가 고령 보행자 목적에 따라 각기 다른 영향을 끼치는 것으로 나타났다. 연령이 증가하거나 차량 및 운전면허를 보유한 사람은 보행활동이 감소하였다. 노유자 시설은 고령 보행자의 활동을 촉진하는 것으로 나타났으며 근린 및 업무시설은 업무 목적 보행 활동을 증가시켰다. 마지막으로 집약적 토지개발은 고령 보행자의 보행 활동을 감소시키는 것으로 나타나 향후 도시계획 관점에서 이를 고려해야할 필요성이 있다는 점을 도출하였다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국진공학회 2015년도 제49회 하계 정기학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.104-104
• /
• 2015

Due to the demand of the cold neutron flux in the neutron science and beam utilization technology, the cold neutron source (CNS) has been constructed and operating in the nuclear research reactor all over the world. The majority of the heat load removal scheme in the CNS is two-phase thermosiphon using the liquid hydrogen as a moderator. The CNS moderates thermal neutrons through a cryogenic moderator, liquid hydrogen, into cold neutrons with the generation of the nuclear heat load. The liquid hydrogen in a moderator cell is evaporated for the removal of the generated heat load from the neutron moderation and flows upward into a heat exchanger, where the hydrogen gas is liquefied by the cryogenic helium gas supplied from a helium refrigeration system. The liquefied hydrogen flows down to the moderator cell. To keep the required liquid hydrogen stable in the moderator cell, the CNS consists of an in-pool assembly (IPA) connected with the hydrogen system to handle the required hydrogen gas, the vacuum system to create the thermal insulation, and the helium refrigeration system to provide the cooling capacity. If one of systems is running out of order, the operating research reactor shall be tripped because the integrity of the CNS-IPA is not secured under the full power operation of the reactor. To prevent unscheduled reactor shutdown during a long time because the research reactor has been operating with the multi-purposes, the introduction of the standby cooling system (STS) can be a solution. In this presentation, the design considerations are considered how to design the STS satisfied with the following objectives: (a) to keep the moderator cell less than 350 K during the full power operation of the reactor under loss of the vacuum, loss of the cooling power, loss of common electrical power, or loss of instrument air cases; (b) to circulate smoothly helium gas in the STS circulation loop; (c) to re-start-up the reactor within 1 hour after its trip to avoid the Xenon build-up because more than certain concentration of Xenon makes that the reactor cannot start-up again; (d) to minimize the possibility of the hydrogen-oxygen reaction in the hydrogen boundary.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.957-967
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study is to offer youth with the basic materials for developing nutrition education programs and to help domestic science teachers in schools implement effective dietary education by examining their awareness of food additives. In the source of acquiring knowledges on food additives, the results were through mass media, technology and home economics teachers, and family members in order. The majority of students thought that they don't need the education about food additives. As effective teaching methods, they first selected the use of visual media, followed by experimental cooking classes, field trip, and inquiry lessons using processed foods. As a result of analyzing the education on food additives in accordance with demographic factors, more number of female students, compared to male students depicted the need for education on food additives. Further, the lower the cost students spend on purchasing processed foods per day, the higher the necessity of the education they indicate. The necessity of education content on food additives showed significant difference depending on the cost of buying processed foods, and the degree of interest and help real-life according to gender indicated significant differences. The satisfaction with education on food additives, which was implemented in home economics education revealed significant differences according to gender. This study aims to provide the basic data for the development and research of educational programs regarding good eating habits among the general youth. However, there are limitations to the presentation of the practical training program. For this reason, based on the results of this study, further studies should follow this study in order to develop and study educational programs related to food additives for teaching and learning purposes.

• 한국도로학회논문집
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2016

PURPOSES : This study evaluates the reliability of the patterns of changes in the road surface temperature during winter using a statistical technique. In addition, a flexible road segmentation method is developed based on the collected road surface temperature data. METHODS : To collect and analyze the data, a thermal mapping system that could be attached to a survey vehicle along with various other sensors was employed. We first selected the test route based on the date and the weather and topographical conditions, since these factors affect the patterns of changes in the road surface temperature. Each route was surveyed a total of 10 times on a round-trip basis at the same times (5 AM to 6 AM). A correlation analysis was performed to identify whether the weather conditions reported for the survey dates were consistent with the actual conditions. In addition, we developed a method for dividing the road into sections based on the consecutive changes in the road surface temperature for use in future applications. Specifically, in this method, the road surface temperature data collected using the thermal mapping system was compared continuously with the average values for the various road sections, and the road was divided into sections based on the temperature. RESULTS : The results showed that the comparison of the reported and actual weather conditions and the standard deviation in the observed road surface temperatures could produce a good indicator of the reliability of the patterns of the changes in the road surface temperature. CONCLUSIONS : This research shows how road surface temperature data can be evaluated using a statistical technique. It also confirms that roads should be segmented based on the changes in the temperature and not using a uniform segmentation method.

• 한국도로학회논문집
• /
• 제18권5호
• /
• pp.75-82
• /
• 2016

PURPOSES : This study was initiated to estimate the benefits from the campaign to prevent drowsy driving crashes on expressways. The study was conducted by the Korea Expressway Corporation using a contingent valuation method. METHODS : First, a questionnaire was designed for a preliminary survey. From the survey's results, the initial willingness to pay for the campaign was determined by averaging different amounts of payments chosen under virtual scenarios in the survey. The willingness to pay data was used to find a first bid price for the open-ended method used for the second survey. After that, a primary questionnaire was designed and conducted using a single dichotomous choice question (SDBCQ). Drivers at expressway resting areas were asked their willingness to pay for the campaign. Based on statistical analysis using data collected from the second survey, the mean willingness to pay was estimated using a probability utility function. Finally, the benefit from the campaign was calculated using the estimated willingness to pay and accident data on expressways. CONCLUSIONS : Based on the result from the contingent valuation method, the benefit from the campaign to prevent drowsy driving crashes was estimated to be 170.6 won per expressway trip. The benefit is to be paid as an additional toll. In addition, the traffic crash cost estimate is about 2,209,680,000 won less than the cost during the same period in 2014.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.1-16
• /
• 2018

생활패턴의 변화는 통행의 목적을 변화시키기 때문에 궁극적으로 통행패턴의 변화를 야기한다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 1999년부터 2014년까지 통계청에서 조사한 생활시간조사자료를 활용하여 연도별 통행시간에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하고자 한다. 가구관련, 개인관련, 시간관련 변수들을 고려한 통행시간에 관한 다중선형회귀모형을 구축하였으며, 요일별 차이를 보기위해 주중과 주말을 분리하여 추정하였다. 모형 추정 결과, 가구관련, 개인관련, 시간관련 변수가 통행시간에 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 가구관련변수의 경우 개인관련변수에 비해 비교적 적은 변수들이 유의한 것으로 나타났는데, 이는 통행이 개인특성에 더 큰 영향을 받기 때문인 것으로 판단된다. 각 활동시간들은 통행시간에 양의 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되어 통행이 파생수요임을 나타내고 있다. 또한 여가활동시간이 가장 큰 영향력이 있는 것으로 도출되어, 여가를 위한 통행시간이 타활동에 비해 증가하는 것으로 분석되었다.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국신재생에너지학회 2011년도 추계학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.104-104
• /
• 2011

The fuel economy estimates essentially serve two purposes : to provide consumers with a basis on which to compare the fuel economy of different vehicles, and to provide consumers with a reasonable estimate of the range of fuel economy they can expect to achieve. The current fuel economy label values utilize measured fuel economy over city driving cycles. However, this test driving mode can not be evaluated the variety factor of the real-world. These factors include differences between the way vehicles are driven on the road and over the test cycles, air conditioning use, widely varying ambient temperature and humidity, widely varying trip lengths, wind, precipitation, rough road conditions, hills, etc. The purpose of this paper is to account for three of these factors on the fuel economy : 1) on-road driving patterns (i.e. higher speeds and more aggressive driving (higher acceleration rates)), 2) air conditioning, and 3) colder temperatures. The new test methods will bring into the fuel economy estimates the test results from the five emissions tests in place today : CVS-75, HWFET, US06, SC03 and Cold CVS-75. Based on these new test methods, this paper discusses the characteristics of driving condition on Hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). And this paper assesses the fuel economy label of HEV.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.83-101
• /
• 1998

‘Environmental Literacy’ is defined as ‘one's individual status to be accomplished or to be acquired by environmental education’ and it has the same meaning as ‘the Goals of EE’. The purposes of this study was to identify the components of environmental literacy and analyse the related studies. Much of the work in EE has followed the path outlined by the Belgrade Charter, the Tbilisi Declaration, and later in Agenda 21. Over the years, scholars such as Hungerford et al., Iozzi et al., Roth, the Wisconsin Center for Environmental Education, and the Environmental Education Literacy Consortium have examined and proposed a framework of ‘Environmental Literacy’. Recently, the influential framework developed by the NAAEE(the North American Association for Environmental Education) National Project for Excellence in EE included seven categories: affect, ecological knowledge, socio-political knowledge, knowledge of environmental issues, skills, additional determinants of environmentally responsible behavior, and environmentally responsible behaviors. According to the analysed results, 37.7% of the American studies and 32.5% of Korean ones measured aspects of the attitude. Especially, the measure of this variable in America, however, led to the most inconclusive and least positive outcomes. The studies included related to cognitive skills were very few but 100% reported positive impacts of instructions in two countries. In America, using a television documentary, a journal and the field trip were very useful and effective. But using a computer simulation/game was less effective and the supplemental instruction did't led to the positive effect. In Korea, instruction, the supplemental instruction and EE program led to positive outcomes generally. The lack of validity and reliability of the instruments was pointed out as a common problem and the development of valid and reliable instrument for nation-wide assessment is urgently needed.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.52-57
• /
• 2002

본 연구는 실시간 교통정보시스템 설계최적화의 핵심사항인 동적교통정보제공에 따른 운전자 경로선택 행위를 효과적으로 분석하기 위해서 개발된 시뮬레이션툴을 실제 도시부네트워크에 적용하였다. 활용의 용이성과 조사범위의 확장을 위하여 인터넷환경에 적합한 웹기반조사툴(WATiSim)을 본 연구에 활용하였는데, 웹기반조사기법은 실제통행의 time pressure와 같이 설문내용을 응답자에게 효과적으로 전달하지 못하는 기존 SP설문조사기법의 단점을 보완할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 국내의 견고한 If기반시설을 바탕으로 한 인터넷망을 활용하여 대규모, 저비용의 조사를 수행할 수 있다는 장점이 있다. 사례연구를 통해 서울 도심부 네트워크에 도로전광표지(VMS)를 이용한 실시간 교통정보제공시스템을 구축하는 상황을 WATiSim으로 구현한 후에, 다양한 교통상황정보하에서 운전자들의 경로선택자료를 수집하여 그들의 의사결정구조를 분석하였고 수집된 자료를 토대로 교통상활, 통행목적, 통행상태 등으로 구성된 경로선택 로짓모형을 산출할 수 있었다. 연구결과, 운전자들은 실시간 교통정보제공에 따른 교통상황을 직관적으로 잘 이해하는 것으로 나타났으며, 교통상황, scheduled delay, 통행목적과 통행료 등에 따라 선택행위를 크게 달리하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 인삼문화
• /
• 제5권
• /
• pp.97-114
• /
• 2023

인삼에 관련된 수많은 연구에도 불구하고, 인삼을 경제, 경영학적 관점에서 다루는 논문은 부족한 편이다. 최근 인삼제품을 구매하는 원인을 경제학적으로 밝히려는 연구가 주목을 받고 있다. 본 연구는 미시경제학적 관점에서 국제관광소비자의 인삼구매 요인을 실증적으로 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위하여 설문자료를 통해 대한민국을 방문하는 국제 관광소비자가 인삼 및 인삼 관련 제품을 구매하는 형태를 실증적으로 조사하였다. 그 결과를 이용하여 인삼을 구매하는 데 영향을 미치는 결정요인을 다항 로지스틱 모형(multinomial logistic model)을 활용하여 분석하였다. 분석 결과 다음과 같은 인삼 구매 결정요인을 발견하였다. 첫째, 경제적 요인은 인삼구매의 중요한 결정 요인이 가구소득보다 가처분소득(일일평균 지출비용)이 인삼 구매에 미치는 영향이 컸다. 일일평균 지출비용이 높음에도 불구하고 다른 제품을 더 선호하면 인삼을 덜 구매하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 인구통계학적 요인 중 성별과 나이 또한 인삼 구매의 중요한 결정 요인이다. 나이가 많은 남성 소비자층의 인삼제품 구매 확률이 높은 것으로 밝혀졌다. 셋째, 관광 목적은 인삼 구매에 영향을 끼친다. 여가 목적의 관광소비자가 다른 목적의 관광소비자보다 인삼 구매 확률이 높았다. 마지막으로 관광지 속성도 인삼 구매의 결정 요인이다. 관광지의 치안(안전성), 모바일/인터넷 사용 편리성과 길찾기 용이성 등의 관광지 속성은 인삼 구매에 영향을 미치는 중요한 요인이었다. 특히 쇼핑의 편리함을 의미하는 모바일/인터넷 사용 편리성과 길찾기 용이성이 관광소비자의 인삼구매 확률을 높이는 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구는 국제 관광소비자의 인삼 선택을 선호(preference)에 기반한 계량경제학적 모델로 분석하여 인삼제품 구매 선택의 결정요인을 탐구하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다.