• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.1175-1188
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• 2015

The Ministry of Education of Korea announced the university structural reform plans which reduces 160,000 of the university entrance quota during 10 years from January 2014. Because the reduction plans of entrance quota influence regional economy as well as students and universities, naive evidence of the Ministry of Education of Korea is disappointed. In this research, we forecast the total number of the university entrance exam candidate by 2032 including not only third grade high school students but also repeaters according to the 16 metropolises and provinces in Korea. We also forecast the regional university recruiting rate using the forecasts of the total number of the university entrance exam candidates. However, we can not make more realistic results because we can not apply the inter-regional movement of students to the forecast. In order to handle this limitation, we first estimated the rank of the whole 7,277 departments of all universities in Korea and assigned the quotas according to the estimated rank for each departments and then we calculated the local university recruiting rate. The estimated the university recruiting rates of 16 metropolises and provinces can provide more noticeable results of characteristics and problems than that of nationwide.

• Journal of Society of Occupational Therapy for the Aged and Dementia
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.67-74
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• 2018

Objective : The purpose of this study is to quantitatively analyze the role of occupational therapy in long - term care insurance for the elderly using text mining, one of the big data analysis techniques. Method : For the analysis of newspaper articles, "Long - Term Care Insurance for the Elderly + Occupational Therapy for the Elderly" was collected after the period from 2007 to 208. Naver, which has a high share of the domestic search engine, utilized the database of Naver News by utilizing Textom, a web crawling tool. After collecting the article title and original text of 510 news data from the collection of the elderly long term care insurance + occupational therapy search, we analyzed the article frequency and key words by year. Result : In terms of the frequency of articles published by year, the number of articles published in 2015 and 2017 was the highest with 70 articles (13.7%), and the top 10 terms of the key word analysis showed the highest frequency of 'dementia' (344) In terms of key words, dementia, treatment, hospital, health, service, rehabilitation, facilities, institution, grade, elderly, professional, salary, industrial complex and people are related. Conclusion : In this study, it is meaningful that the textual mining technique was used to more objectively confirm the social needs and the role of the occupational therapist for the dementia and rehabilitation in the related key keywords based on the media reporting trend of the elderly long - term care insurance for 11 years. Based on the results of this study, future research should expand research field and period and supplement the research methodology through various analysis methods according to the year.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.67 no.1
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• pp.60-72
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• 2024

Objective : Recently, robotic-assisted spine surgery (RASS) has been considered a minimally invasive and relatively accurate method. In total, 495 robotic-assisted pedicle screw fixation (RAPSF) procedures were attempted on 100 patients during a 14-month period. The current study aimed to analyze the accuracy, potential risk factors, and learning curve of RAPSF. Methods : This retrospective study evaluated the position of RAPSF using the Gertzbein and Robbins scale (GRS). The accuracy was analyzed using the ratio of the clinically acceptable group (GRS grades A and B), the dissatisfying group (GRS grades C, D, and E), and the Surgical Evaluation Assistant program. The RAPSF was divided into the no-breached group (GRS grade A) and breached group (GRS grades B, C, D, and E), and the potential risk factors of RAPSF were evaluated. The learning curve was analyzed by changes in robot-used time per screw and the occurrence tendency of breached and failed screws according to case accumulation. Results : The clinically acceptable group in RAPSF was 98.12%. In the analysis using the Surgical Evaluation Assistant program, the tip offset was 2.37±1.89 mm, the tail offset was 3.09±1.90 mm, and the angular offset was 3.72°±2.72°. In the analysis of potential risk factors, the difference in screw fixation level (p=0.009) and segmental distance between the tracker and the instrumented level (p=0.001) between the no-breached and breached group were statistically significant, but not for the other factors. The mean difference between the no-breach and breach groups was statistically significant in terms of pedicle width (p<0.001) and tail offset (p=0.042). In the learning curve analysis, the occurrence of breached and failed screws and the robot-used time per screw screws showed a significant decreasing trend. Conclusion : In the current study, RAPSF was highly accurate and the specific potential risk factors were not identified. However, pedicle width was presumed to be related to breached screw. Meanwhile, the robot-used time per screw and the incidence of breached and failed screws decreased with the learning curve.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.95-98
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• 2017

Due to hypodontia, poor oral hygiene, and significantly more prevalent periodontal disease, patients with Down syndrome show higher incidence of edentulism. Oral rehabilitation of such patients is imperative but challenging as high rates of prosthesis failure are reported due to malocclusion, high masticatory force, and parafunctional habits. As CAD/CAM(Computer-Aided Design and Computer Aided Manufacturing) is the recent trend in prosthodontics, this report discusses the application of CAD/CAM in a Down syndrome patient. A 25-year-old patient with Down syndrome was presented to the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Yonsei University Dental Hospital for oral examination. 5 maxillary teeth were missing, 3 were fully impacted, and 4 had grade III mobility. The patient underwent general anesthesia for extraction of impacted and mobile teeth, implant surgery, and final impression for prosthesis. Afterwards, CAD/CAM was used to design and manufacture a 10-unit zirconia bridge. However the bridge was fractured after 18 months due to the patient's bruxism and high masticatory force. Final impression taking, bite registration, cast fabrication, cast scanning, and prosthesis designing were not needed as CAD/CAM data remained. Previous CAD/CAM design was used to remanufacture the zirconia bridge. Down syndrome patients have malocclusion, high masticatory force, and parafunctional habits which increase the possibility of prosthesis fracture. CAD/CAM is beneficial for Down syndrome patients as previous digital records can be utilized for prosthesis repair or remake. In detail, application of CAD/CAM in remanufacturing decreases patient's discomfort of impression taking, shortens and simplifies dental laboratory procedures, and reduces clinician's effort of taking detailed final impressions or accurate bite registration. In conclusion, oral rehabilitation using CAD/CAM provides not only satisfactory levels of comfort, stability, and esthetics, but also easier repair or remake compared to conventional prostheses.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.1389-1394
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• 2012

This study was carried out to evaluate the physicochemical properties of topsoil from forest development area. The results of physicochemical properties of topsoil from forest development area shown on the average loamy sand~sandy clay loam in soil texture, 5.3~7.1 in pH, 0.02~0.18 dS/m in EC, 0.7~1.8% in OM, 0.03~0.11% in T-N, 11~15 $cmol^+/kg$ in CEC, 0.02~0.04 $cmol^+/kg$ in $K^+$, 4.51~8.18 $cmol^+/kg$ in $Ca^{2+}$, 0.93~2.77 $cmol^+/kg$ in $Mg^{2+}$, 6~49 mg/kg in available phosphate. And the results of physicochemical properties of topsoil from forest non-development area shown on the average sandy loam~sandy clay loam in soil texture, 4.4~5.3 in pH, 0.03~0.05 dS/m in EC, 3.1~4.6% in OM, 0.13~0.23% in T-N, 14~18 $cmol^+/kg$ in CEC, 0.02~0.04 $cmol^+/kg$ in $K^+$, 0.78~3.82 $cmol^+/kg$ in $Ca^{2+}$, 0.29~1.31 $cmol^+/kg$ in $Mg^{2+}$, 3~31 mg/kg in Av. $P_2O_5$. On the other hand, forest development area of topsoil sand content higher than 8~18% sand content than the forest non-development area. This trend is thought to be the absence of topsoil management development projects. Consequently, the results suggested a high potential of recycling of the topsoil from forest non-development area for planting soil. Therefore, in construction of the conservation and management of topsoil from forest non-development area is very important.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2005

Dietary behavior, body mass index(BMI) and nutrient intake status of 185 boys and 205 girls in 3rd grade middle school students in Daegu area were analyzed. Boys were 168.6cm tall and weighed 61.3kg on the average and girls 158.5cm and 54.4kg, respectively. From their BMIs, 17.9% were classified as the underweight, 54.2% as the average, 14.7% as the overweight and 13.2% as the obesity. The average energy intake per day was 2222.6 kcal for boys, 1796.2 kcal for girls which were 83.3% and 86.6% of the RDA, respectively. Composition rate of carbohydrate, protein, fat in relation to energy intake was 62.4 : 16.5 : 21.1 for boys and 58.8 : 16.0 : 25.2 for girls. Protein was taken low and carbohydrate and fat were high in this study. Particularly, fat intake rate of girls was high. Calcium, iron, vitamin A, and vitamin B2 did not meet the RDA and especially calcium was taken 63.9% for boys and 54.01 % for girls. Most of the students have tendency to eat irregularly and to overeat. For the nutrients intake, calories and calcium intake were lower than the RDA regardless of gender and iron intake was not enough for girls only. In relation to BMI, obesity group students were taking lower calories and proteins than the normal students were. No consistent trend was shown for boys about nutrient intake in relation to eating speed. Students had a correct perception of their body image which was similar to that of their mothers. Nutrient average intake is under the average and the percentile under 70% of RDA was high contrary to the fact that nutrient intake like calcium and iron was exceedingly important particularly in the growth process. Therefore, nutritional education for the proper intake of nutrients was required for the students in Daegu area. Especially, education has to be focused on the balanced diet and correct food choices for the proper dietary behaviors.

• The Korean Journal of Elementary Counseling
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.111-133
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was closely to explore the guidance experiences of senior elementary teachers who have had over 30 years of teaching experiences in elementary school based on interpretive(or hermeneutic) inquiry. The entry research question was 'What are the guidance experiences of senior elementary teachers like?' Seven senior elementary teachers working for O elementary School in G city participated in this study voluntarily. Each participant was interviewed twice in a consecutive manner. 14 periods of interview were completed all together and each period took about 40-60 minutes. In conclusion, this study conceptualized the guidance experiences of the senior elementary teachers(participants) as follows: First, the concepts of guidance held by the participants were conceptualized as 1) supporting and caring activity helping students to lead joyful school life, 2) assisting activity helping students to grow on good basic life habits, 3) character building activity helping students to lead integrative growth. Second, the fields and contents of guidance held by the participants were conceptualized as basic life habits, manners, and health & safety. Interestingly, these concepts were evolved in connection with their personal, practical teaching experiences rather than in-service teacher education. Third, the guidance methods frequently used by the participants were co-work with parents, exemplary storytelling, counselling, and praise. The participants applied these methods differently according to the grade, individual difference, and school curriculum policy to some degree. Fourth, the participants have experienced a lot of struggles with students, teachers, and parents in doing their guidance practices throughout the whole teaching career. Their guidance experiences commonly shifted from more teacher-centered or authoritative to more student-centered or relational way as their teaching years accumulated. Interestingly, all the participants more or less lived as lifelong learners to create their own right space as senior teachers in today's competitive and challenging landscape. This study strongly suggests that responsible teacher education can playa great role of enabling senior teachers to cope with guidance issues successfully. Compared with the speedy social change, the teacher education in Korea had been so authoritative, provider-based, subject-based until recently and it have not met the needs and wants of the elementary teachers in field. This trend has significantly hindered them from catching up with the needs of the speedy social change in terms of contemporary guidance issues. This study is limited in that the data is solely collected based on interview. So, an observational research is strongly suggested in order to uncover the situated understanding of the guidance experiences of elementary senior teachers.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.14 no.4 s.41
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• pp.487-498
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• 2004

There is an increasing trend of construction works in mountainous areas by the urban development in Busan that is mainly composed of mountains. The study area, Hwangryeong Mt., is one of developing sites in the urban area, too. Landslides and cut-slope failures that occur large damages of human beings and the properties are influenced by soil characteristics as well as rock properties. This study analyzed geotechnical characteristics of soil dependent on geology at Hwangryeong Mt. where a large slope failure had been occurred in 1999. Geology of the study area is composed of the Cretaceous sedimentary rocks and volcanic rocks. Soil layer of the slopes can be grouped into sand mixed with clay and silt. The cohesion is plotted between $0.001\;and\;0.066kg/cm^2$. The friction angles are distributed in the ranges between $32^{\circ}\;and\;39^{\circ}$, meaning soil bearing a high friction angle. The permeability coefficients are plotted between $2.34\times10^{-4}cm/sec\;and\;2.58\times10^{-2}cm/sec$, indicating fine sand and loose silt with a medium grade of permeability. The sedimentary rocks area shows relatively higher permeability coefficients than those volcanic rocks area.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.271-278
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• 2019

Purpose: To investigate the differences in treatment outcomes between two radiation techniques, intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT). Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 160 (IMRT = 23, 3DCRT = 137) patients with stage I glottic cancer treated from January 2005 through December 2016. The IMRT was performed with TomoTherapy (16 patients), volumetric-modulated arc therapy (6 patients), and step-and-shoot technique (1 patient), respectively. The 3DCRT was performed with bilateral parallel opposing fields. The median follow-up duration was 30 months (range, 31 to 42 months) in the IMRT group and 65 months (range, 20 to 143 months) in the 3DCRT group. Results: The 5-year overall survival and 3-year local control rates of the 160 patients were 95.7% and 91.4%, respectively. There was no significant difference in 3-year local control rates between the IMRT and 3DCRT groups (94.4% vs. 91.0%; p = 0.587). Thirteen of 137 patients in the 3DCRT group had recurrences. In the IMRT group, one patient had a recurrence at the true vocal cord. Patients treated with IMRT had less grade 2 skin reaction than the 3DCRT group, but this had no statistical significance (4.3% vs. 21.2%; p = 0.080). Conclusion: IMRT had comparable outcomes with 3DCRT, and a trend of less acute skin reaction in stage I glottic cancer patients.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.78-89
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• 2017

Spontaneous combustion propensity of various coals of carbonization grade as a pulverized fuel of coal fired power plant has been tested from an initial temperature of $25^{\circ}C$ to $600^{\circ}C$ by heated in an oven with air to analyze an self oxidation starting temperature. This tests produce a CPT(Cross Point Temperature), IT(Ignition temperature) and CPS(Cross Point Slope) by calculated as the slope of time taken a rapid exothermic oxidation reaction at CPT base. CPS show a carbonization rank dependence, whereby wood pellet has the highest propensity to spontaneous combustion of $20.995^{\circ}C/min$. A subbituminous KIDECO coal shows an CPS values of $15.370^{\circ}C/min$ whereas it of pet coke of the highest carbonization rank has $20.950^{\circ}C/min$. The nature of this trend is most likely a concentration of volatile matter and oxygen functional groups of coal surface that governs the available component for oxidation as well as surface area of fuel char, and constant pressure molar heat.