• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2005년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2005
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• pp.142-145
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• 2005

Since the successful launch of FORMOSAT -2 satellite by National Space Organization of Taiwan in May 2004, the Remote Sensing Instrument (RSI) on- board the FORMOSAT -2 has continuously acquired images at one panchromatic and four multi-spectral bands (http://www.nspo.org.tw). In general, the RSI performs well and receives high quality images which proved to be very useful for various applications. However, some RSI panchromatic products exhibit obvious trembling artifact that must be removed. Preliminary study reveals that the trembling artifact is caused by the instability of the spacecraft attitude. Though the magnitude of this artifact is actually less than half of a pixel, it affects the applicability of panchromatic products. A procedure removing this artifact is therefore needed for providing image products of consistent quality. Due to the nature of trembling artifact, it is impossible to describe the trembling amount by employing an analytic model. Relied only on image itself, an algorithm determining trembling amount and removing accordingly the trembling artifact is proposed. The algorithm consists of 3 stages. First, a cross-correlation based scheme is used to measure the relative shift between adjacent scan lines. Follows, the trembling amount is estimated from the measured value. For this purpose, the Fourier transform is utilized to characterize random shifts in frequency domain. An adaptive estimation method is then applied to deduce the approximate trembling amount. In the subsequent stage, image re-sampling operation is applied to restore the trembling-free product. Experimental results show that by applying the proposed algorithm, the unpleasant trembling artifact is no longer evident.

• 복식
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• 제15권
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• pp.121-130
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• 1990

This study is focused on the swinging and trembling effect expressed in Korean costume from ancient days to the present. The swinging is a term standing for gentle movements that are created and implied by the long ties, strings, tassels, pendants and hanging ornamentations. These attatched elements of the costume move as the wearer moves. Trembling is a term expressing small vibrating movement which is created by the tiny decorative motifs attatched to Korean costume. This little decorative elements were attatched to the royal crown, earings, necklaces even the sole of the metalic shoes for a change and to draw viewers attention. The Swinging and Trembling have been used mainly to express the decorative desires. The Swinging on shaman costume is a expression of the aesthetics of evil's eye, while the Swinging shown on the costume of a schalor is expressing the beauty of personality and nature. In General during the Choson Period, the Swinging of the tassels, ribbons, string belts is a expression of the beauty of nature. Consequently the Swinging and the Trembling are the typical examples of the "Meot"(멋), Korean traditional aesthetics.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제64권1호
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• pp.20-25
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• 1984

북미(北美) 사시나무 trembling aspen의 근단조직내(根端組織內)의 동위효소(同位酵素)의 유전양상(遺傳樣相)을 구명하기 위하여 모수(母樹) 1개체에 화분수(花盆樹) 4개체를 교배하여 얻은 4개의 전형매가계(全兄妹家系)의 종자를 온실내(內)에서 파종, 7주후(週後) 가계당(家系當) 70개체의 유묘(幼苗)와 모수(母樹)와 화분수(花盆樹)의 맹아(萌芽)의 생장이 왕성한 뿌리의 근단부(根端部) 2cm를 채취하여 수평식 전분젤 전기영동법으로 분석하였다. 7개의 동위효소(同位酵素)에 대하여 모두 11개의 밴드지역이 관찰되었으며, 각 지역에 대한 부모의 동위효소표현형(同位酵素表現型)과 그 차대(次代)의 동위효소표현형(同位酵素表現型)을 관찰 $x^2$-test로 그 분리비(分離比)를 검정한 결과 모든 동위효소(同位酵素) 밴드지역은 각각 하나의 유전자좌(遺傳子座)에 의하여 지배되고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 한편 6-PGD-2와 PGI-2와의 복합(複合) 분리비(分離比)를 $x^2$-test로 검정한 결과 6-PGD-2와 PGI-2간(間)에는 연관관계(連關關係)가 없는 것으로 추성되었다.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.207-235
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• 2020

Acknowledging that individuals dislike having low relative income renders trade less attractive when seen as a technology that integrates two economies by merging separate social spheres into one. We define a "trembling trade" as a situation in which gains from trade are less than losses in relative income, with the result that global social welfare is reduced. We show that a "trembling trade" can arise even when trade is more gainful in four ways: through trade the absolute income of everyone increases, the income gap in both economies is reduced, as is the income gap between the trading economies. However, trade brings populations, economies, or markets that were not previously connected closer together in social space. As a consequence, separate social spheres merge, and people's social space and their comparators are altered. Assuming that people like high (absolute) income and dislike low relative income, the aggregate increase in unhappiness caused by the trade-induced escalation in relative deprivation can result in a negative overall impact of trade on (utilitarian-measured) social welfare, if the absolute income gains are not large enough to mitigate the relative income losses.

• 건축사
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• 통권604호
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• pp.104-107
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• 2019

• 한국의사학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.43-62
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• 2009

Yoshimasi Todo (吉益東洞), who thought that the books on herbal medicines are the reason for the complicated explanation of the effects of herbs, thought that the articles from Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases (傷寒論) and Synopsis of Prescriptions of the Golden Chamber (金匱要略) are the only books that can identify the effects of herbs. He also thought that the practitioners from the later period have added too much on the original text, which led to his thought that the original text of Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases (傷寒論) and Synopsis of Prescriptions of the Golden Chamber (金匱要略) did not have the explanation that involves the theory of yin-yang(陰陽), the five phases(五行), and three yin and three yang(三陰三陽). From this, he investigated the standards of using the herbs in the Synopsis of Prescriptions of the Golden Chamber (金匱要略) by comparing the articles. In this point of view, Yoshimasi Todo (吉益東洞) said that Poria Scleotium (茯笭) treats palpitations (悸) and 肉瞤筋惕. This meant the symptom of unvoluntary palpitations and the trembling of muscles with wrenching pain. Also, he thought that the symptom of Poria Scleotium (茯笭) in the formula of decoction is shown by the symptoms of dizziness, palpatations, vomiting, trembling of muscles, and cramps. This paper studies on the symptoms that seems close to the meaning of the symptom of Poria Scleotium (茯笭) that Yoshimasi Todo (吉益東洞) meant, which can be summarized to palpatations and trembling of muscles. I wish this paper is of help to those who study Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases (傷寒論), Synopsis of Prescriptions of the Golden Chamber (金匱要略), and the medicine of Yoshimasi Todo (吉益東洞).

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.143-146
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• 2021

A 2-year-old intact female Maltese dog was presented with generalized involuntary tremors and nystagmus without regular direction. The dog was conscious the whole time while it was trembling. Its involuntary tremors were alleviated at rest or during sleep. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed asymmetric hydrocephalus and caudal occipital malformation. In cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, a trace of protein was found and total nucleated cell count (TNCC) was slightly increased. However, infectious pathogens were not found. In complete blood count, there was a mild leukocytosis. After the patient received anticonvulsants (midazolam, phenobarbital, KBr), diuretics (furosemide) with an anti-inflammatory drug (prednisolone, 0.5 mg/kg PO bid), and a proton-pump inhibitor (omeprazole), it showed no improvement. The patient was tentatively diagnosed with corticosteroid responsive tremor syndrome. So the anticonvulsants and diuretics were discontinued and the dose of prednisolone was increased to an immunosuppressive dose (1 mg/kg PO bid). After administering the immunosuppressive dose of prednisolone, the patient did not show nystagmus. Its tremors were much alleviated. However, they did not disappear. Five weeks later, the patient showed gradual improvement but still was trembling when moving around. Nine weeks later, its tremors were similar to before. So diazepam (0.3 mg/kg PO sid) was added to the treatment. After that, its tremors were alleviated more. Prednisolone and diazepam were maintained for about five months, with tapering of the dose of prednisolone (until 0.5 mg/kg PO sid). About 7 months later after the treatment was started, the dog was trembling rarely except when it was excited. Therefore, diazepam was discontinued. This case describes a refractory white dog shaker syndrome successfully managed with long-term administration of a steroid and diazepam.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.20-25
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• 2009

Residual extractives had a noticeable impact on the brightness of unbleached hardwood kraft pulps (trembling aspen). The brightness-impacting extractives were effectively removed by oxygen delignification. In addition, oxygen delignification was more effective in removing chromophores in hardwood unbleached kraft pulps than in those of softwood (loblolly pine). The residual extractives in unbleached hardwood kraft pulps also affected the pulp color, primarily redness and the L value. These redness-related extractives in unbleached hardwood kraft pulps were also effectively removed by oxygen delignification. There were no significant color differences between untreated and solvent-extracted oxygen-delignified aspen kraft pulps. The residual extractives in unbleached and oxygen-delignified softwood (loblolly pine) kraft pulps did not have a significant impact on either brightness or pulp color.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제83권3호
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• pp.372-379
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• 1994

본 연구는 서로 다른 두가지 토양에서 천연갱신되어 자라고 있는 trembling aspen(Populus tremuloides Michx.) 임분의 수확이 토양미생물상 및 토양호흡률에 미치는 영향을 조사하며 토양호흡률이 토양미생물상 변이의 지표로 활용될 수 있는지에 대한 연구 결과이다. 다섯 가지의 수확처리(지상부 전체 임목수확, 겨울철 수확통로, 수확 잔재목 제거, 수확 잔재목 및 낙엽류 제거, 춘계 답압)를 1990년과 1991년 사이의 겨울 및 봄 사이에 시행하였고, 1991년 및 1992년의 2년간에 걸쳐 수확후 산림토양의 동태를 조사하였다. 각 임분의 토양형에 관계없이 토양호흡률은 수확후 약간 감소하거나 변동이 없었으나 미생물수는 수확후 2년동안 점차 증가하였다. 미생물수는 식질토양에서 보다 사질토양에서 보다 급속하고 지속적인 증가양상을 나타내었는데, 이것은 수확 결과 미생물 활성에 영향하는 토양의 이화학적 특성이 식질토양보다는 사질토양에서 큰 변화가 있었음을 시사한다. 그러나, 두가지 종류의 처리(세 수준의 유기물 제거 및 두 수준의 답압 처리)는, 두 지역 모두, 수확후 2년간의 미생물상이나 토양호흡률에 유의차를 나타내지 않았다. 본 연구의 대상임분이었던 trembling aspen은 수확후에도 뿌리의 활력이 떨어지지 않고 맹아발생을 위한 대사를 진행하여, 뿌리의 호흡과 미생물의 호흡을 포함하는 전체 토양 호흡에서 뿌리의 호흡이 차지하는 비율이 높은 결과를 낳아, 전체 토양호흡을 미생물의 활력도 변이의 지표로 활용하기 어려웠다.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• 제58권6호
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• pp.449-459
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• 2019

이 연구의 목적은 외발서기 동작 시 취득한 운동역학데이터로부터 주파수분석의 기법을 통하여 인체 운동명령신호가 어떻게 자세조절 과정에 영향을 미치는지를 규명하는 자세역학의 토대연구이다. 이를 위하여 체조경력 10년 이상의 운동신경이 우수한 국가대표상비군(n=6)과 일반인(n=6)을 대상으로 발바닥 압력중심점(CoP)의 궤적데이터를 FFT신호처리기법에 의한 저주파대역Rambling (RM)과 고주파대역 Trembling (TR)의 주파수분석을 탐색하였다. 본 연구결과에 따르면 눈뜨고 외발서기와 눈감고 외발서기 동작을 중심으로 두 집단 간 자세조절능력의 안정화지수 평가에서 독립표본 t검증에서 유의한 차이가 나타났으며(p<.05), 이러한 차이는 저주파대역 RM의 주요주파수 f1과 고주파대역 TR의 주요 주파수 f2의 최대진폭의 출력 차이로 밝혀졌다(p<.05). 특히 자세송환피드백에 관여하는 고유주파수인 저주파수대역에서는 주요주파수가 8-9 Hz 대역에서 뇌지시 하 안정적 자세조절의 운동기전을 행하는 운동명령으로 확인하였으며, 120-135 Hz의 고주파수대역에서는 자세 흔들림을 최소화하기 위한 반사적 근반응의 적응성을 보이는 것으로 연구되었다. 자세조절의 중추신경계 운동조절에 관여하는 고유주파수와 최대진폭에서 유의한 차이가 발견됨으로서 외발서기 시 발바닥 압력조절에 의한 신호파형의 운동명령이 자세조절에 영향을 미치는 것으로 해석되었다.