• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.77-87
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• 2019

This study is to identify the factors affecting commuting time and modes in urban and rural areas using household traffic survey data. The findings indicated that commuting time using passenger car in rural areas was 1.6 times longer than those in urban areas. When citizen use public transportation, however, there was not much difference in commuting time in urban and rural areas. Among the various factors affecting commuting time in rural areas (13 factors have statistical significance), the most influential factors were that public transportation, managers and office workers, functional and device managers, and passenger car. In urban areas, the highly influential factors were public transportation and walking among the 16 affecting factors which have statistical significance. The commuting time in rural areas increased according to the occupation types, but the commuting time of full-time workers decreased. This phenomenom means that occupation groups with the full-time system prefer residential areas in the densely populated town.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.553-565
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to segment urban farming patterns and analyse the preference on urban farming by applying two-step cluster analysis, chi-square analysis and ANOVA. The data was collected by face-to-face surveys on 9 urban farms which were chosen by location and operator. Respondents were asked to describe their urban farming pattern, preference on urban farming and socio-demographic characteristics. Three different clusters were derived from two-step cluster analysis based on operator, transportation, number of visits per month, travel time, area and motive. They were 'hobby-oriented farming', 'producing-oriented farming', and 'multipurpose farming'. The results of chi-square analysis showed that there were significant differences among these three segmented groups in terms of age, with or without children aged under 14, household income per month and housing type. In other words, there is quite a possibility that urbanites have different urban farming patterns according to their socio-demographic profiles. Also, there were significant differences on the preference on urban farming by cluster. According to the results, planning directions of urban farming were presented.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.1730-1738
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• 2011

Personal Rapid Transit (PRT) has emerged as a promising alternative transportation mode for transit-oriented sustainable communities by creating compact and walkable environments with competitive construction and operational costs. This study seeks to capture the changes in travel mode choice behavior in response to the introduction of PRT to travelers who have no previous experience of using it. A critical issue in modeling the PRT mode choice is how to capture travelers' perception and evaluation of the unexperienced travel mode. The data used come from questionnaire surveys, in which RP (Revealed Preference) and SP (Stated Preference) data were collected in relation to travel mode choices with and without PRT systems. The questionnaire was designed especially for mitigating the potential bias in favor of or against choosing PRT. In addition, an efficient approach was proposed to reduce the number of SP questions by avoiding the complex fractional factorial design which tends to make it difficult for respondents to keep their attention throughout the survey. The analysis results show that the proposed approach is able to realistically capture the effects of explanatory variables on the travel mode choice. Discrete choice models are developed to predict travelers' mode choices under different choice scenarios by varying PRT system specifications and operational characteristics. PRT patronages are projected for two different test sites using the developed PRT mode choice models.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.32-37
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• 2018

Recently, the driver can be assisted by the advanced active safety devices such as ADAS from road traffic risks. With this system, driver and passenger may freed from can driving tasks or kept eyes on forward direction while on the road. Help from adoptive cruise control, auto parking and newly develped automated driving vehicles technologies, the driver positions will vary significantly from the current standard driver position during the travel time. On this hypothesis, the objective of this study is analyze the behavior and injuries of drivers in the event of frontal impact under these abnormal driver position. Based on the KNCAP frontal impact testing method, this simulation matrix was set-up with dummies of 5 th tile female Hybrid III dummy and 50 th tile male Hybrid III dummy. The small sedan type passenger car was modeled in this simulation. The series of simulation was performed to compare the injuries and behaviour of each dummy, varying the seating status and seat position of each dummy.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.25 no.3 s.87
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• pp.137-149
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• 2007

This study explores diverse consumer characteristics pursuant to whether the consumers in question have purchased luxury goods, and it also explores the variables that tend to influence such purchases. Furthermore, the relationship between consumers' purchases of, propensity for and preference toward luxury goods is researched, and an analysis is also conducted on the degrees of influence that consumer purchases of luxury goods have on consumer propensity and preference for luxury goods. The results show that the experience of such purchases determines the diverse characteristics of consumers in such areas as age, expenditures and overseas travel. In addition, the propensity of consumers to buy luxury goods is related to the tendency toward trends, self-planning, rationality and economic efficiency, while the preference of consumers is linked to the tendency toward trends, self-realization and rationality. This study aims to analyze and understand the consumer group of college women in their 20s, and it also seeks to help establish policies that will provide consumer education so badly needed by such women who are or who will be the main players of their respective household economies and rates of consumption.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.11-28
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• 2005

The research purpose of A Study on the Effect of Aviation Safety over the Air Passenger's Behavior for enhancement of aviation safety management lies at the judgement that passenger's airlines choice criteria has much changed after several serious aviation accidents as before when we used to overlook "aviation safety" variable through surveying to Korean aviation passengers and foreigners visit or travel Korea on various purposes. This study will be regarded significant in terms that empirical analysis was used to prove "Aviation Safety", a variable which had not been regarded as a airline choice factor within Korea air transport market so far, and has an effect on the air passengers' airline preference change and choice after recent frequent aviation accidents. I wish, it can be another opportunity for Korean two national flag airlines to reappraise and reinforce the significance of "aviation safety" and set forth immediate vigorous efforts to support the government's aviation safety improvement countermeasures.

• Proceedings of the KOR-KST Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.73-82
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• 1998

본 연구의 목적은 일주일간 조사된 개인통행행태를 고려한 각 특성별 통행발생예측 방법을 제시하는데 있다. 이를 위하여 일주일간 통행빈도수의 차이를 고려한 집단간 차이를 검정하고, 그 원인을 분석하여 이에 따른 특성별 개인 통행발생예측 모형을 정립하였다. 전체 표본의 각 특성별 개인 내부 변이성을 분석해 본 결과 기간의 차이에 따른 개인 통행행태의 변화는 직업별, 나이별, 성별, 차량소유 유무, 주택소유 형태, 통행목적, 통행수단, 가구원수에 따라 집단간 차이를 보여주었다. 이러한 변수를 이용한 통행발생 예측모형의 분석결과 개인소득이 높을수록, 주책을 자가로 소유한 경우, 자동차를 소유한 경우, 학생일수록, 유직일수록 개인 통행발생량이 많은 것으로 분석되었다. 반면, 아니는 연령대가 높아질수록 통행수가 적어졌다.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.27-36
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• 2022

Purpose: The coronavirus pandemic has affected the tourism industry in a big way. The travel industry suffered intense damage from the pandemic and procedures acquainted to containing its spread because the pandemic outbreak has led to a decline in the number of tourists and a change in their behavior. At this point, this research is to investigate adequate solutions for tourism industry to overcome the crisis in a post-Covid 19 era. Research design, data and methodology: The current author gathered data from each included study to analyze and summarize the evidence when conducting a literature analysis. This stage involves gathering and reviewing intricate texts databases for the meta-analysis. Results: The current author found total five solutions from numerous literature contents, suggesting how to overcome the crisis in a post-Covid era for tourism industry. Solutions as follows, (1) Drawing beginning illustrations, (2) Introducing Government Backing Programs, (3) Increasing Promotion of Tourism Destinations, (4) Enhancing Safety and Security Measures, and (5) Improving Infrastructure and Facilities. Conclusions: This research suggests that although the global economic recession leads to reduced demand and intense competition from other sectors, the tourism industry will be well positioned to weather these challenges if practitioners of tourism organizations follow five solutions of this research.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.71-85
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• 2024

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to assess the perceived importance and satisfaction of domestic tourists who visited Venice, Italy, regarding the attributes of overtourism. Design/methodology/approach - An online survey was conducted to measure the tourist perceived attributes of overtourism from November 8th to 22nd, 2023. Convenience sampling was employed to target study participants who are domestic tourists in Venice, Italy. A total of 127 responses were used for analysis, including frequency analysis, paired-sample t-tests, and Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA). Findings - First, the results of the IPA showed that attributes related to urban facilities and spaces directly associated with travel behavior were highly rated in both importance and satisfaction by tourists. Second, attributes related to carrying capacity were perceived as highly important but had lower satisfaction level. Third, tourists evaluated the management of affordable prices for tourism products as both less important and less satisfying. Lastly, attributes related to the protection of local businesses showed higher satisfaction levels compared to their perceived importance. Research implications or Originality - This study contributes to an extended understanding of overtourism by examining the phenomenon from the tourists' perspective.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.66-76
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• 2011

The Sightseeing ITS is defined as a system that gives tourists and inhabitants the information concerned with road network conditions, parking, sightseeing spots, and travel time in the relevant area. When focusing on tourists' excursion behaviors in sightseeing areas, however, it is sometimes found that they feel much annoyed with insufficient information about the area. While they also have a variety of needs to get information and make a decision about their excursions, it becomes one of important subjects to understand the actual circumstances of their information usage and to identify the causal relationship between their excursion patterns and the obtained information. This paper aims to investigate basic issues toward development of Sightseeing ITS and to modify an analytical model of tourist's excursion behavior considering information usage at Fuji five lakes Area, which is a representative sightseeing place in Japan. The relationship was analyzed using a structural equation model: information usage at the scheduling stage has an impact on tourists' individual cognition of the sightseeing area, tourists' individual cognition affects information usage at the excursion stage, and information usage at the excursion stage affects behavior during excursions. It is found that tourists' decision making behaviors on their excursion tend to depend on the information usage. This implies essential results to construct effective and customer oriented ITS.