• The Magazine of the Society of Air-Conditioning and Refrigerating Engineers of Korea
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.248-257
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• 1987

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.59-69
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• 1999

This study examines the existing theories related to detention basin and embodies the calculation process of sediment basin. It investigated the scale of sediment basin by actual measurement at Buju Mountain, Mokpo city which causes the environmental problems like erosion and outflow of sediment due to the excessive development, finds the problems of existing sediment basin by applying and analyzing the physical factors which affect the execution of sediment basin using GIS as the method establishing the scale of sediment basin embodied in this study and then suggests the oteimum scale. Comparing the surface area of the existing sediment basin and of the required one, all of the surface areas of the existing sediment basins were smaller than those of the required one. Therefore, it can be expected that the trap efficient of sediment will be declined. The required one. Therefore, it can be expected that the trap efficient of sediment will be declined. The required minimum depth was fully satisfied, but it is analyzed that the volume of sediment basin will affect the neighboring environment because it can not accomodate the inflow discharge volume except sediment basin C. It is consistent with the actual situation which causes a serious environmental problem due to the overflow of sediment basin during the heavy storm event except sediment basin C and also it verifies the validity of calculation process of establishing optimum sediment basin suggested in this study.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.39 no.8
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• pp.635-642
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• 1995

Improved sample introduction system has been investigated for the determination of volatile organic compounds in water using a purge & trap preconcentration apparatus and a capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The present limitations associated with the moisture control module and cryorefocusing system suggested by EPA were discussed. To solve the problems such as improper separation of peaks due to the adsorption of water and contamination of purge & trap system, a more efficient connection system between the purge & trap apparatus and the gas chromatograph was introduced and the optimum operational conditions were suggested. A carbopack B/carboxen 1000 and 1001 trap was used for the purge & trap procedure and a custom made crosslinked dimethyldiphenylpolysiloxane capillary column was used for the separation of compounds. Accuracy and precision of the method suggested in this report were examined and the method detection limit of each compound was proposed for the simultaneous determination of 54 volatile organic compounds in water.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1999.11d
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• pp.932-934
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• 1999

In this paper, the new IGBT structures with trap injection are proposed to improve switching characteristics of the conventional SOI LIGBT. The simulations are used in order to investigate the effects of the position, width and concentration of trap injection region using 2D device simulator MEDICI. And, their electrical characteristics are analyze and the optimum design parameters are extracted. As a result of simulation, the turn off time for the proposed LIGBT model A by the trap injection is $0.78{\mu}s$. And, the latch up voltage is 3.4V and forward blocking voltage is 168V which are superior to that of conventional structure. In addition, the proposed model is achieved more efficient in switching time and process effort. Therefore, It is shown that the trap injection is very effective to reduce the turn off time with a little increasing of on-state voltage drop if its design and process parameters are optimized.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.220-226
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• 2009

An experiment was conducted to find out among 9 trap settings the most appropriate site for trap placement in the Brinjal field based on Brinjal shoot and fruit borer trapping efficiency, shoot and fruit infestation, healthy and total fruit yield, and BCR. The efficiency of different trap setting positions varied significantly. Trapping efficiency observed the $T_{1}$ ensured the minimum shoot and fruit infestation 10.02% and 20.95%, respectively, minimum infested fruit yield (4.75 ton/ha), maximum healthy and total fruit yield (26.72 and 31.47 ton/ha) and the maximum BCR (1.70), which was followed by $T_{2}$ and $T_{4}$. The minimum trapping efficiency of $T_{9}$ treatment led the maximum shoot and fruit infestation 13.89 and 29.26%, respectively, maximum infested fruit yield (7.59 ton/ha), minimum healthy and total fruit yield (17.74 and 25.32 ton/ha) and the minimum BCR (1.00). A correlation between the number of BSFB adults trapped from the most efficient trap setting and the shoot and fruit infestation recorded and found a linear positive correlation between number of BSFB adults trapped and shoot infestation (r = 0.781) and fruit infestation (r = 0.810). The effect of pheromone trap positions observed in this study may be attributed to the easy accessibility of the lures and traps, when they are placed at the canopy.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.349-356
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• 2007

Three active components (Z8-12:Ac, E8-12:Ac, and Z8-12:OH) are known in sex pheromone of the oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta, and have been commercially available to apply for population monitoring and mating disruption. However, there have been variation among commercial products in pheromone composition and amount impregnated in each pheromone releaser. This study was performed to optimize factors influencing on pheromone monitoring of G. molesta by analyzing pheromone composition/amount, effective period of releaser, and trap type/placement in apple trees. High purity of Z8-12:Ac component was effective to attract males, in which 96% or more of cis acetate isomer component appeared to be optimal composition. Pheromone amounts ($0.01-1\;{\mu}g$) impregnated in each rubber dispenser did not give significant effect on monitoring during 90 days from June to August. "Delta" trap was much more efficient than "cone" trap to collect males. Trap installation was another factor, in which placing traps at canopy level was much efficient than at trunk or ground levels. Pheromone trap monitoring with these optimal factors indicated three to four adult peaks from June to September in addition to high overwintering population from April to May in pesticide-applied orchards in Andong, Korea.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.16 no.3 s.76
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• pp.540-545
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• 2006

T-DNA-mediated transformation is a common method for generating transgenic plants with insertional mutagenesis. In order to identify important genes involved in shoot development, a system of promoter trap insertional mutagenesis was employed in Arabidopsis thaliana. For this system, an efficient promoter trap vector, pFGL561 was developed. The pFGL561 includes a basta-resistant gene, an intron with multiple splicing donor and acceptor sites, and a promoter-less GFP reporter gene. Using floral-dipping method, we made total 300 $T_1$ promoter-trap lines which were screened for GFP expression. GFP signals in the $T_1$ plants were detected with high frequency, 26.7%, and the signals were reconfirmed in $T_2$ plants. To isolate the genes that are involved in shoot development, phenotypes were analyzed in $T_2$ plants of the 19 $T_1$ lines that had GFP signals in shoot apex, and 6 $T_1$ lines were selected that had abnormal shoot development. These lines will be very useful for the investigation of shoot development.

• 한국사회복지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.757-779
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• 2004

The purpose of study is to provide efficient initial approaches for counseling in social work practice settings. First, it attempts to identify the correlation between the Myers-Brigg's Type Indicator(MBTI), a personality index based on the theory of psychological typology, and Personality Adaptation Types(PAT) models. Second, it attempts to develop a counseling method which can be applied to the initial interview, using the paradigm of door to therapy such as "Open Door", "Target Door", and "Trap Door" based on the PAT theory. The result of the quantitative study showed the correlation between MBTI and PAT as follows: MBTI Extrovert and Feeling(E, F) type was statistically correlated to hysterical PAT. MBTI Extrovert, Intuition and Perceiving(E, N, P) type was statistically correlated to Obsessive-Compulsive PAT. In conclusion, this study finds that when a clinical social worker approaches a client with the client's MBTI personality type and an interventional personality adaptation theory approach such as "Open Door", "Target Door", or "Trap Door", the efficiency of communication is increased significantly.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.111-115
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• 2002

Suddenly increasing numbers of automobiles result in making worse air pollution problems. In particular, the emissions from automobiles affect badly on atmosphere. Nowadays, research on catalyst converter and filter trap as a modem technology is very active because PM is designated as a major cancer material and stringent regulations on this are necessary and required. The ceramic filter is very efficient in reducing particular materials up to 80-90% and is evaluated as a very efficient after-treatment technology. However, it comes with decreased engine performance due to increased back-pressure occurred by thermal crack. In order to solve these problems, several methods are proposed such as fuel additive, electric heater and burner types. This experimental study has been conducted with equipped and unequipped a ceramic filter on a displacement 11,000cc diesel engine and compared in terms of engine performance and emission. To measure the emission, D-13 mode is applied and measured quantities of the exhaust gases, particularly in CO, HC, PM, and NOx. Therefore, this research is focused on the basic mechanism and characteristics on harmful materials generated by ceramic filter.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.89 no.1
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• pp.135-140
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• 2000

Matsucoccus thunbergianae is a major insect pest of Pinus thunbergiana in southern Korean peninsula. To study the flight behavior of M. thunbergianae males responding to the synthetic pheromone, five sticky traps were placed on a bamboo pole at various heights, between 0.1m and 2.0m above ground. A bait impregnated with the synthetic pheromone was placed at 0.1m, 1.0m or 2.0m above ground and the number of male catches on each trap was counted. In an open area, numbers of males caught per trap were not different between heights when the bait was placed at 2m or 1m above ground ; when the bait was placed at 0.1m height, male flight was aggregated near the ground. In a forest with low crown closure, trap catches on five traps on the same bamboo pole were not different one another when the bait was placed at 2m height, but most males were flying near the bait when it was placed at 1m height. In a dense pine forest, most males were flying around the bait regardless of the bait position. In all three places, most males were caught on the trap near the ground when the baits were placed 0.1m above ground. Thus, for monitoring the frontal zone of infestation of the scale, placing the pheromone trap near the ground was considered the most efficient. When the males perceived pheromone, they tended to fly in the air with low wind speed.