• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.111-118
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• 2022

This research article presents the work that is related to the application of different machine learning based similarity techniques on religious text for identifying similarities and differences among its various translations. The dataset includes 10 different English translations of verses (Arabic: Ayah) of two Surahs (chapters) namely, Al-Humazah and An-Nasr. The quantitative similarity values for different translations for the same verse were calculated by using the cosine similarity and semantic similarity. The corpus went through two series of experiments: before pre-processing and after pre-processing. In order to determine the performance of machine learning based similarities, human annotated similarities between translations of two Surahs (chapters) namely Al-Humazah and An-Nasr were recorded to construct the ground truth. The average difference between the human annotated similarity and the cosine similarity for Surah (chapter) Al-Humazah was found to be 1.38 per verse (ayah) per pair of translation. After pre-processing, the average difference increased to 2.24. Moreover, the average difference between human annotated similarity and semantic similarity for Surah (chapter) Al-Humazah was found to be 0.09 per verse (Ayah) per pair of translation. After pre-processing, it increased to 0.78. For the Surah (chapter) An-Nasr, before preprocessing, the average difference between human annotated similarity and cosine similarity was found to be 1.93 per verse (Ayah), per pair of translation. And. After pre-processing, the average difference further increased to 2.47. The average difference between the human annotated similarity and the semantic similarity for Surah An-Nasr before preprocessing was found to be 0.93 and after pre-processing, it was reduced to 0.87 per verse (ayah) per pair of translation. The results showed that as expected, the semantic similarity was proven to be better measurement indicator for calculation of the word meaning.

• Language and Information
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.79-92
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• 2011

Some terms related to "meaning" in semantics are reviewed, particularly those used in Lyons' famous semantics book Semantics 1 and Semantics 2 (Cambridge University Press, 1977). Since Lyons' book is so comprehensive that the semantic terms used in that book cover almost every important notions/terms used in contemporary semantics. With relevant interpretation of the terms, we suggest most appropriate Korean translations, trying to give different translations for different English terms. Terms covered include: 'signify, signification; reference/refer/referent, sense; denotation/denote, connotation/connote; extension, intension; implication/imply, implicature/implicate, entailment/entail; designate, demonstrate/demonstrative'.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.125-137
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• 2006

Of the 2,593 children picture books published in Korea between 2001 and 2003, 46% were Korean in origin, while 53.9% were Korean translations of books originally in English, Japanese, French, or German. This study compared 45 of the translations with the originals. Of these, 49.2% had contents not included in the originals, and 31.1 % had omitted contents. More over, 7.6% of the Korean versions were different in punctuation codes and signs, and 6.7% were different from originals in length of sentences. Most of the books were on general or global issues rather than culture-bound. However, among the English books, there were more than 20 cases different from Korean culture in person's names, external appearance, food, and/or clothing.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.259-283
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• 2018

This research aims at understanding the differences between expert and general users' perceptions regarding publication preferences for Korean classics collations and translations in order to formulate future directions for these materials. For this purpose, an overview of changes in publishing in general as well as current status of collation/translation of Korean classics in particular are being identified. An online questionnaire was carried out in order to collect data regarding perceptions and preferences of expert users and general users of Korean classics. The results are based on the analyses of more than 1,000 responses. The analyses show that electronic books will not completely replace printed books and publishing both electronic and printed books in tandem for the time being is most preferable in order to satisfy varying user needs. Statistical analysis shows differences in terms of use value, value from possession, and readability of electronic and printed books in the two groups of users. However, as for the value of preservation by relevant institutions, there was a statistical difference between two groups towards printed books unlike their electronic equivalents. The research shows strong preference towards printed forms of classics collations and translations for the purpose of scholarly research and translation. Actual usage statistics reveal much heavy use of online database of classics translations compared to the use of available electronic books. For future publishing decisions for classics collations and translations will need to take into consideration of their special characteristics and symbolic nature. Proper representation of these materials into electronic format would require a standardized platform that enable various uses in different environments.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.02a
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• pp.606-610
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• 2009

We propose a method utilizing BLEU(BiLingual Evaluation Understudy), which is widely used in automatic evaluation of machine translations, for an autonomous assessment of a short essay answer. BLEU evaluates translations with an assumption that the translation by a machine is supposed to be more accurate as it is getting to be more similar to the translation by a human. BLEU scores the translation by comparing the n-grams of translations by a machine and humans. Similarly we score students answers by comparing to multiple reference answers with BLEU. In the experiment, we compute correlation coefficient values between scores of our system and human instructors.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.51-68
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• 2012

Objective : This paper is aimed at suggesting further tasks by checking and rectifying the errors of the ancieut Chinese-vernacular Korean translations of Park Ji-won(朴趾源)'s "Kumryosocho". Method : In order to correct the wrongly transcribed "Kumryosocho" was contrasted with the original "Xiangzubiji(香祖筆記)", of which the part is "Kumryosocho". And then the errors and mistakes are discovered in published ancient Chinese-to-vernacular Korean translations. Result : In the course of checking the existing translations of "Kumryosocho", this paper identified the following types of errors. 1. Errors attributable to unfamiliar names of medicinal herbs 2. Errors due to the unfamiliarity with the names of diseases or symptoms in Traditional Koreau Medicine(TKM). 3. Errors committed in hand transcription. These types of errors were committed as well in translating jargons routinely used in TKM books. To the surprise, the errors above have been repeated even in the latest version of its translation. This means that the medicine-related materials by Silhak scholars, including "Kumryosocho", were placed at a dead zone of the research between Chinese classic scholars and TKM scholars. Conclusion : To minimize errors and mistakes, it is needed to activate the cooperative work of heterogeneous experts in two academic fields.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.381-387
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• 2013

Objective: This paper studies the method of measuring whole-body vibration in the car and terms associated. Background: Human exposure to vibration can be broadly classified as localized and whole-body vibration. The whole-body vibration affects the entire body of the exposed person. It is mainly transmitted through the seat surfaces, backrests, and through the floor to an individual sitting in the vehicle. It can affect the comfort, performance, and health of individuals. Method: Human responses to whole-body vibration can be evaluated by two main standards such as ISO 2631 and BS 6841. The vibration is measured at 8 axes - three translations at feet, 3 translations of hip and two translations of back proposed by Griffin. B&K's sensors used in this study are the 3-axes translational acceleration sensor to measure the translational accelerations at the hip, back and foot. Results: The parameters associated with the whole-body vibration in the car are frequency weightings, frequency weighted root-mean-square, vibration dose values, maximum transient vibration value, seat effective amplitude transmissibility, ride values and ride comfort. Conclusion: Studied the evaluating methods of vibration exposure and ride comfort. Application: Evaluation of whole-body vibration in the car.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.181-188
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• 1982

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.307-309
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• 2021

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.21.1-21.7
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• 2020

Scientific research is mostly published in English, regardless of the researcher's nationality. However, this growing practice impairs or hinders the comprehension of professionals who depend on the results of these studies to provide adequate care for their patients. We suggest that machine translation (MT) can be used as a way of providing useful translation for biomedical articles, even though the translation itself may not be fluent. To tackle possible mistranslation that can harm a patient, we resort to crowd-sourced validation of translations. We developed a prototype of MT validation and edition, where users can vote for that translation as valid, or suggest modifications (i.e., post-editing the MT). A glossary match system is also included, aiming at terminology consistency.