• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.225-266
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• 1997

A Causal Transition Model of the IT impact on organization is proposed. The model is based upon the premise that the IT impact is a multi-phase, multi-realm phenomenon, and that the IT impact in one organizational realm logically transpires to another realm, thus forming complex causal webs among them. Two exploratory research studies, the one qualitative and the other quantitative, were conductea to validate the model in a setting involving major structural reorganization of the organizations' IT function. The research results provide support for the general theory structure of the model. The findings include: ⅰ) the IT impact manifests on multiple organizational realms, with different degrees of strength, ⅱ) the impact on the realms follow a particular causal transition path among them, and ⅲ) the IT impact manifests on and through the information processing aspect of work. The results, however, indicate that people's perception of the IT impact is strongly mitigated by the IT relevance of work, and that the organization is affected as much by the structural arrangement surrounding and accompanying the IT as by the technology itself, suggesting that the IT impact is an organizational phenomenon as well as a technological phenomenon. The implications of the research results are discussed at the end.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제44권4호통권316호
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• pp.17-25
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• 2007

멀티레벨 잉크젯 프린터는 다양한 도트 크기 및 다른 농도를 가진 잉크를 사용함으로써 뛰어난 색재현과 부드러운 계조를 표현할 수 있다. 이에 멀티토닝 기법에 관한 많은 연구 노력들이 더 나은 영상 화질을 위해 진행되고 있다. 하지만 멀티토닝은 프린터가 출력할 수 있는 레벨에서 일정 구간 같은 잉크가 찍히는 banding artifact가 발생한다. 이는 특히 부드러운 계조 변화 영역에서 불연속성이나 시각적으로 좋지 않은 결과를 낳게 된다. 따라서 이러한 banding artifact를 줄이기 위하여 본 논문에서는 개선된 임계값 배율 조정함수를 이용하여 프린터 출력 레벨에서 이웃 출력 잉크의 혼합 비율을 제어함으로써 잉크 분포를 조절하는 멀티토닝 방법을 제안한다. Banding artifact가 발생하는 영역에서의 잉크 분포는 이웃 출력 잉크의 혼합 시점을 조절하는 임계값 배율 조정 함수의 두 인자에 의해 달라진다. 따라서 8명의 관찰자를 이용하여 여러 가지 인자 값에 대한 프린터 출력 레벨에서의 잉크 분포를 조사하였다. 그 결과, 특정 인자 값을 가진 임계값 배율 조정 함수를 사용함으로써 시각적으로 부드러운 계조 변화를 표현할 수 있었다. 실험에서는 제안한 방법을 칼라와 회색조 ramp 영상에 적용하여 banding artifact 감소와 색재현성에서의 더 나은 성능을 확인하였다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.87-92
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• 2009

Human SIRT3 gene contains an intronic VNTR enhancer. A T > C transition occurring in the second repeat of each VNTR allele implies the presence/absence of a putative GATA binding motif. A partially overlapping AP-1 site, not affected by the transition, was also identified. Aims of the present study were: 1) to verify if GATA and AP-1 sites could bind GATA2 and c-Jun/c-Fos factors, respectively; 2) to investigate whether such sites modulate the enhancer activity of the SIRT3-VNTR alleles. DAPA assay proved that GATA2 and c-Jun/c-Fos factors are able to bind the corresponding sites. Moreover, co-transfection experiments showed that the over-expression of GATA2 and c-Jun/c-Fos factors boosts the VNTR enhancer activity in an allelic-specific way. Furthermore, we established that GATA2 and c-Jun/c-Fos act additively in modulating the SIRT3-VNTR enhancer function. Therefore, GATA2 and AP-1 are functional sites and the T > C transition of the second VNTR repeat affects their activity.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.760-768
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• 2017

The transition temperature shift (TTS) of the reactor pressure vessel materials is an important factor that determines the lifetime of a nuclear power plant. The prediction of the TTS at the end of a plant's lifespan is calculated based on the equation of Regulatory Guide 1.99 revision 2 (RG1.99/2) from the US. The fluence factor in the equation was expressed as a power function, and the exponent value was determined by the early surveillance data in the US. Recently, an advanced approach to estimate the TTS was proposed in various countries for nuclear power plants, and Korea is considering the development of a new TTS model. In this study, the TTS trend of the Korean surveillance test results was analyzed using a nonlinear regression model and a mixed-effect model based on the power function. The nonlinear regression model yielded a similar exponent as the power function in the fluence compared with RG1.99/2. The mixed-effect model had a higher value of the exponent and showed superior goodness of fit compared with the nonlinear regression model. Compared with RG1.99/2 and RG1.99/3, the mixed-effect model provided a more accurate prediction of the TTS.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.150-155
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• 2003

Femtosecond laser ablation mechanism was systematically investigated on sodalime glass in ambient conditions. The ablation crater diameter was measured for varying numbers of laser pulses as for varying well as the laser fluence. The analysis of the results with a one dimensional spatial Gaussian fluence distribution reveals that the inherent ablation mechanism has been altered from a multi-photon process to a single photon excitation due to defect sites that have been accumulated by successive laser pulses. Furthermore, the transition between the two regimes was found to be a function of both the laser fluence and the number of laser shots.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.179-184
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• 1998

일반적으로 페로브로스카이트 구조의 망간 산화물에서 많이 관찰되어온 초거대 자기 저항 현상은 임계점 (큐리온도) 부근에서 온도 변화에 의한 상자성-강자성 상전이와 동반한 전기 전도 기수 변화에 따른 급격한 저항 변화와 매우 밀접한 광계가 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 전기 저항-온도 거동을 모사하기 위해, 온도에 따른 상분율 변화 함수를 유효매질 이론(effective media theory)을 이용하여 모형식을 마련하엿다. 미 모형식은 실제 La0.7Ca0.3MnO3의 저항-온도 거동을 매우 정확하게 모사하였다.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.311-314
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• 2001

최근 지능 정보 처리에 대한 연구가 여러 분야에서 활발히 진행되고 있으며, 불확실하고 복잡한 동적 환경에서도 적응할 수 있도록 그 영역을 확장해 가고 있다. 본 논문에서는 다치 논리함수의 차분의 성질을 이용하여 동적 환경에 적응할 수 있는 다치 오토마타 모델을 제시하였다. 즉, 입력 스트링을 다치 함수의 치에 사상시키고, 다치 함수의 차분의 성질을 상태의 전이에 적용시켜 동적 변화에 자율적으로 적응할 수 있도록 하였다. 따라서, 다치 오토마타는 동적으로 변화하는 환경을 모델링하는데 광범위하게 응용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.44-50
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• 1995

본 논문에서는 연속분포 HMM을 이용한 대용량 한국어 연속음성인식 시스템에 관하여 기술한다. 인식 시스템의 성능을 개선하기 위하여 음성 모델링 단위의 선정, 단어간 모델링, 탐색 알고리듬, 문법에 관하여 연구하였다. 기본 인식단위로 트라이존을 사용하며 학습성을 개선하고 기능어에서의 에러 발생을 줄이기 위하여 일반화된 트라이폰과 function word-de-pendent phone을 사용한다. 단어 사이에는 묵음 모델과 null transition을 사용하여 선택적으로 묵음을 추가하였다. 언어모델로는 단어 클래스에 근거한 word pair 문법과 bigram 모델이 이용된다. 또한 지식 정보들을 효율적으로 활용할 수 있도록 N개의 후보 문장들을 탐색할 수 있는 알고리듬을 구현하였다. 후처리기에서는 word triple문법을 사용하여 N개의 최적 문장을 재정렬하여 최종적인 인식 문장을 결정하며, 마지막으로 후치사와 관련된 사소한 에러들을 수정한다. 3천단어의 연속음성 데이타베이스에 대한 인식실험에서, 후처리로 word triple 문법을 사용하여 $93.1\%$의 단어 인식률과 $73.8\%$의 문장 인식률을 얻었다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2011년도 제40회 동계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.21-21
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• 2011

A series of Quasi-Elastic Neutron Scattering (QENS) experiments helps us to understand the single-particle (hydrogen atom) dynamics of a globular protein and its hydration water and strong coupling between them. We also performed Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations on a realistic model of the hydrated hen-egg Lysozyme powder having two proteins in the periodic box. We found the existence of a Fragile-to-Strong dynamic Crossover (FSC) phenomenon in hydration water around a protein occurring at TL=$225{\pm}5K$ by analyzing Intermediate Scattering Function (ISF). On lowering of the temperature toward FSC, the structure of hydration water makes a transition from predominantly the High Density Liquid (HDL) form, a more fluid state, to predominantly the Low Density Liquid (LDL) form, a less fluid state, derived from the existence of a liquid?liquid critical point at an elevated pressure. We showed experimentally and confirmed theoretically that this sudden switch in the mobility of the hydration water around a protein triggers the dynamic transition (so-called glass transition) of the protein, at a temperature TD=220 K. Mean Square Displacement (MSD) is the important factor to show that the FSC is the key to the strong coupling between a protein and its hydration water by suggesting TL${\fallingdotseq}$TD. MD simulations with TIP4P force field for water were performed to understand hydration level dependency of the FSC temperature. We added water molecules to increase hydration level of the protein hydration water, from 0.30, 0.45, 0.60 and 1.00 (1.00 is the bulk water). These confirm the existence of the FSC and the hydration level dependence of the FSC temperature: FSC temperature is decreased upon increasing hydration level. We compared the hydration water around Lysozyme, B-DNA and RNA. Similarity among those suggests that the FSC and this coupling be universal for globular proteins, biopolymers.

• 전자공학회논문지A
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• 제30A권7호
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• pp.75-81
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• 1993

In this paper, New type of Static Edge Triggered D Flip-Flop Circuits which are effective for the sequencial selecting and addressing of Matrix type Electrodes being applied to Flat Display Devices is proposed by the Design Technique using the Transmission Characteristics of Feedback Transistors and Charge Back Up Function. These Circuits composed of 2-4 less transistors in number than Conventional Static D Flip Flop's have some advantages that the Maximum Transition Time of Clock Signals allowed is increased by 100-450 times more than that of the Conventional circuit at 100KHz Clock Frequence and Circuit Safety is much increased by making the wider ranges, 1-4V, of Clock Levelas a Non-operating periods than 3-3.2V ranges in case of the Conventional Circuit at 10MHz clock frequence. By these advantages, These circuits can be very effectively used in case that clock signal has long transition time, especially on the low frequency operation.