• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.101-112
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• 2017

Based on an analysis of the characteristics of "Ecute" of the East Japan Railway Company (JR East) that planned the world's first large scale commercial facilities inside a ticket gate (paid-area including waiting room and platforms), the present study proposes a brand development of commercial facilities inside aged railway stations, where only basic railway business have been provided focusing on passenger transportation, by renewing the definition of railway commercial facilities and presenting a detailed planning and the direction of the operation system. A list of practical tasks that can be carried out in academia, planning and operation / management to facilitate the revitalization of the use of commercial facilities inside railway stations are as follows: 1) the setting of a wide scope for the revitalization of railway commercial facilities around the railway station focusing on private-funded stations in addition to existing stations; a setup of the direct scope of commercial development in the practical railway operation for passengers and stations in terms of external research, and a corresponding shift in thinking in terms of internal research 2) development of under used spaces such as the transfer area (Gongdeok Seoul Wangsimri Station are first target stations where more than four subway lines intersect) 3) brand establishment through improvement strategies for image and symbolism specialized for railway stations 4) rent of suitable business stores and layout of commercial facilities by analysis of passenger move pattern 5) development of commercial facilities which can attract customers by displaying various products, as well as finding a way to develop them in to a base facility that connects to local infrastructures 6) providing advertisement and management system for continual maintenance, and 7) brand specialization through unique storytelling and design plan that stimulates sensibility. The above study results can be utilized as a starting point for design brand awareness about commercial facilities in railway stations in Korea, which can be developed further to improve station image and passenger convenience, as well as to increase the revenue of railway businesses.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.54-63
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• 2017

With the aim of promoting the use of metropolitan railways, the present research developed a mode choice model for evaluating its competitiveness against passenger cars. A case study was carried out with Gyeongeui and Joongang line, and the area of interest was the direct operating railway between Ilsan and Guri station where the two lines intersect. The mode choice model was a disaggregate behavior model which used Stated Preference (SP) survey data, and the plot of competition was between private passenger cars and express trains. As a result, the mode choice model was established, and this model was used to analyze characteristics of passengers' time value and elasticity. It was shown that reducing travel time is more efficient than reducing travel cost when it comes to operating express trains in metropolitan railways. Therefore, policies designed for activating the use of metropolitan railways should expand direct operating service of individual lines and run more express trains in order to minimize transfer and in-vehicle time.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.694-698
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• 2006

This paper presents an optimal design process using beads on a body panel to improve interior noise of a passenger vehicle. Except modification of structural members, it is difficult to find effective countermeasures that can work for the intermediate frequency range from 100 Hz to 300 Hz which lies between the booming and low medium frequency. In this study, it is a major goal to find additional counter-measures for this intermediate frequency range by performing optimal design of beads on body panels. The proposed method for design optimization consists of 4 sub-steps, that is, a) problem definition, b) cause analysis, c) countermeasure development and d) validation. The objective function is minimization of interior noise level. The major design variables are the geometrical shape of a bead and combination of beads on the critical panels. Sensitivity analysis and optimization are performed according to the predefined process for an optimal design. It is verified that the proposed design decreases the level of noise transfer function above 5 dB.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.168-175
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• 2001

Reduction of structure-borne noise of the compartment in a car is an important task in automotive engineering. Transfer path analysis using vibroacoustic reciprocity technique or multiple path decomposition method has generally been used for structure-borne noise path analysis. These methods are useful in solving particular problem but do net quantify the effectiveness of vibration isolation of each isolator of a vehicle. To quantify the effectiveness of vibration isolation, the vibrational power flow has been used for a simple isolation system or a laboratory based isolation system. It is often difficult to apply the vibrational power flow technique to the complex isolation system like a car. In this paper, a simple equation is derived for calculation of the vibrational power flow of an isolation system with multiple isolators such as a car. It is successfully applied to not only quantifying the relative contributions of eighteen isolators but also reducing structure-borne noise of a passenger car. According to the results, the main contributor of eighteen isolators is the rear roll mount of an engine. The reduced structure-borne noise level is about 5dBA.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.62 no.2
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• pp.196-200
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• 2013

In this paper, the design of PRT vehicle power supply system is discussed. Since there is no power feeding line facilities in PRT system under development, the PRT vehicle must have its own energy storage device on board. For the energy storage device, ultra-capacitor bank is applied due to its fast charging capability and long life time. Charging the Ultra-capacitor bank is performed by wireless inductive power transfer system. The capacitor bank is charged up in less than 10 seconds when the vehicle is traveling by passenger stations. In this paper the design of the ultra-capacitor bank and the wireless inductive power transfer system for the PRT vehicle are discussed. Tests are conducted for the both system and the result shows the efficiency of the wireless inductive power transfer system is higher than 80%.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.36-46
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• 2016

Separate transportation card readers that record the amount of transfer volume occurring during movement in-between lines within the metropolitan railway transfer stations do not exist. This research proposes a model to estimate passenger transit movements in transfer stations that adequately reproduces characteristics arising during a transfer trip. The model used in this study assumes that passengers adopt transfer behaviors that minimize their generalized costs during transfer trips. Further, two measures are sought in order to reflect attributes of the metropolitan railway. The first is that similar paths connect origin and destination stations. For this, the M-Similar Paths method is applied to the model to identify the similar paths that arise. The second is that passengers perceive increasing number of transfers as additional transfer costs, which is reflected by means of the Stepwise Transfer Coefficient. Two case studies of metropolitan railway are used to propose measures for analysis of transfer trips. Twenty directional transit phenomena are reproduced for Sindorim railway station. Aggregate directional transit(A), aggregate inter-line transit(B), and B/A are calculated on a percentage basis for 33 metropolitan railway transfer stations, and using this, the functional role of transfers is explored.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.1083-1091
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• 2016

This research uses public transportation card data to analyze the inter-regional transfer times, transfer frequencies, and transfer resistance that passengers experience during transit amongst the metropolitan public transportation modes. Currently, mode transfers between bus and rail are recorded up to five times during one transit movement by Trip Chain, facilitating greater comprehension of intermodal movements. However, lack of information on what arises during these transfers poses a problem in that it leads to an underestimation of transfer resistances on the Trip Chain. As such, a path choice model that reflects passenger movements during transit activities is created, which attains explanatory power on transfer resistance through its inclusion of transfer times and frequencies. The methodology adopted in this research is to first conceptualize the idea of metropolitan public transportation transfer, and in the case that mode transfers include the city-rail, to newly conceptualize the idea of transfer resistance using transportation card data. Also, the city-rail path choice model within the Trip Chain is constructed, with transfer time and frequency used to reevaluate transfer resistance. Further, in order to align bus and city-rail station administrative level small-zone coordinates to state and regional level mid-zone coordinates, the big node methdod is utilized. Finally, case studies on trip chains using at least one transfer onto the city-rail is used to determine the validity of the results obtained.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.23 no.8 s.86
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• pp.7-17
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• 2005

Transportation is from an individual mobility. Various efforts to propose specific values or the individual mobility have been conducted in diverse transportation environment. However, mobility studies for multimodal public transportation are rare especially on not the range of line but area. This study propose a method to calculate transit mobility indices as expanding mobility analysis from point-to-point to area-to-area, considering access time to transit facility, running time and transfer time of passengers. To extract mobility indices, we included walking as a lowest category of mode and set passenger car as a competitive mode to transit mode. This study propose three public transportation mobility indices as 1) how competitive public transportation facility is offered against passenger car 2) how convenient transit mode including walking is provided against passenger car from origin to destination and 3) how many various paths are presented to support passenger's travel between regions. These indices are tested on the Seoul metropolitan area with 10 lines of urban rail and about 420 lines of bus. In addition, we proposed two political applications of proposed mobility indices to increase public transportation mobility between two regions and to maximize the mobility of study area when a line is added in the area.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.618-624
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• 2017

In Seoul and most metropolitan cities, urban trains are delayed due to high congestion during commute times. The delay effect of passengers boarding and disembarking is also significant. In this study, a wide passenger door system was developed as a way to improve the scheduled speed of urban trains by decreasing the passengers' flow time. The door size was defined experimentally to shorten the entrance time. The optimum door size was also determined to improve the stop precision performance of the train while considering the interference effect with peripheral devices. Because the change in door size changes the structural characteristics of the vehicle, the structural stability of a train was analyzed numerically. A prototype of the wide door system was made, and the proposed design was verified using functional and endurance tests. The systematic development process can be used as design data for door size definition and system production when applying a wide door to improve the scheduled speed.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.315-323
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• 2013

Tire noise is divided into a road noise(structure-borne noise) and a pattern noise(air-borne noise). Whilst the road noise is caused by the structural vibration of the components on the transfer path from tire to car body, the pattern noise is generated by the air-pumping between tire and road. In this paper, a practical method to estimate the pattern noise inside a passenger car is proposed. The method is developed based on the sound intensity and airborne source quantification. Sound intensity is used for identifying the noise sources of tire. Airborne source quantification is used for estimating the sound pressure level generated by each noise source of a tire. In order to apply the airborne source quantification to the estimation of the sound pressure, the volume velocity of each source should be obtained. It is obtained by using metrics inverse method. The proposed method is successfully applied to the evaluation of the interior noises generated by four types of tires with different pattern each other.