• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제60권2호
• /
• pp.301-312
• /
• 2016

In a concrete member under pure tension, the stress in concrete is uniformly distributed over the whole concrete section. It is supposed that a local bond failure occurs at each crack, and there is a relative slip between steel and surrounding concrete. The compatibility of deformation between the concrete and reinforcement is thus not maintained. The bond transfer length is a length of reinforcement adjacent to the crack where the compatibility of strain between the steel and concrete is not maintained because of partially bond breakdown and slip. It is an empirical measure of the bond characteristics of the reinforcement, incorporating bar diameter and surface characteristics such as texture. Based on results from a series of previously conducted long-term tests on eight restrained reinforced concrete slab specimens and material properties including creep and shrinkage of two concrete batches, the ratio of final bond transfer length after all shrinkage cracking, to THE initial bond transfer length is presented.

• 콘크리트학회지
• /
• 제6권4호
• /
• pp.92-101
• /
• 1994

PS 강선의 정착부착성능에 대한 새로운 해석방법을 소개하였다. 이 모델에서, 정착부착 길이는 탄생 영역과 소성영역으로 구분되었다. 탄성영역에서 부착응력은 최대 부착응력에 도달된 때까지 슬립과 비례하여 증가하고, 소성영역에선 최대 부착응력으로 균일하게 분포됨을 가정하였다. 정착부착 길이 내에서 부착응력, 슬립, 강선응력, 콘크리트응력 분포를 결과를 얻을 수 있었고, 전체 정착부착 길이와 자유단에서 슬립에 대한 결과치는 최근 Cousins et al.의 실험 결과치와 유사하였다.

• 콘크리트학회지
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.89-100
• /
• 1994

프리스트레스 프리텐숀 보의 전달길이를 위하여 콘크리트의 변형율에 의하여 부착력을 계측하는 간접적인 방법을 일반적으로 사용하여 왔다. 이 트랜스퍼 실험은 실제 보에서 행하여지므로, 실제 상태의 정착부착력을 계측할 수 있다는 장점이 있으나, 최대 정착부착응력과 부착강비를 구하기 난해하며, 그 결과가 매우 분산되어 있으므로, 구조 설계자가 안전한 적정기준을 이해하고 선택하기 어렵다. 콘크리트의 변형을 측정하지 않아도 PS 강선의 정착부착 성능을 얻을 수 있는 대안을 소개하였다. 실제 보에서 PS강재의 긴장을 풀 때와 유사한 상황에서 정축부착 응력을 직접 구하였다. 하중재하부에서 풀려진 PS강선의 긴장력은 하중재하부쪽 강선의 단면증가를 가져오고, 콘크리트 블록에 정착부착력을 발생시키며, 다른 방향(고정부 쪽)으로 슬립을 유발시킨다. 두 개의 중공 로드셀로 양단하중을 최대 부착응력 또는 전면슬립이 일어날 때까지 계측하였다. 프리텐션 콘크리트보의 정착부착 길이를 구하기 위하여 이 방법을 기존의 트랜스퍼 실험방법과 병행하여 사용할 것을 제안한다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제6권4호
• /
• pp.66-75
• /
• 1998

In many case of optimal design and sensitivity analysis, obtaining of transfer function between input and output variables is a difficult and time-consuming problem. The bond graph modeling is a method that is used for making it easy to analyze complex systems composed of mechanical and electrical parts. It gives us a simple and systematic tool to get state-space equations easily. And we can obtain the transfer function graphically using bond graph and Mason's rule. This paper shows how bond graphs are converted to block diagram and how Mason's rule is applied. And the simple direct method to obtain transfer function from bond graph is introduced. As a example, induction of transfer function of electric power steering composed of mechanical and electrical parts will be done.

• KCI Concrete Journal
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.31-43
• /
• 2000

The extensive usage of pretensioned prestressed concrete component in modem construe- tion as structural members mandates precise understanding of its mechanism. Especially, an adequate transfer of prestressing force from steel tendons to concrete around the end regions of the member is a critical issue. Due to the importance of the topic, several investigators have formulated equations modeling the transfer bond length based on various bonding mechanism between steel and concrete. However, the existing models are still inadequate in predicting the bond development in pretensioned prestressed concrete members. Therefore, this study presents a model of transfer bond length based on rational theory that can simulate experimental results. The model is developed into solid mechanics based structural analysis computer program. The program is validated by comparing the analysis results with experimental results of bond stress distribution, concrete strain profiles, and transfer length in pretensioned prestressed concrete members. The proposed analytical procedure in this study can be utilized as a useful tool for realistic evaluation of transfer length in pretensioned prestressed concrete members.

• 건설안전기술
• /
• 통권49호
• /
• pp.84-91
• /
• 2009

By bond mechanism between the prestressing strand and the concrete surrounding it, the effective force of prestressing must be transferred to the concrete entirely. The distance required to transfer the effective force of prestressing is called the transfer length, and the development length is the bond length required to anchor the strand as it resists external loads on the member. Transfer length was determined from the concrete strain profile at the level of the strands at transfer and development length was determined from various external loading lengths and compared with current code equation. Through the test results, bond failure is predicted based on the distress caused by cracks when they propagate within the transfer zone of prestressing strand. The current code equation was found to be conservative in comparison with the measured value.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제23권6호
• /
• pp.115-121
• /
• 2008

By bond mechanism between the prestressing strand and the concrete surrounding it, the effective force of prestressing must be transferred to the concrete entirely. The distance required to transfer the effective force of prestressing is called the transfer length, and the development length is the bond length required to anchor the strand as it resists external loads on the member. Transfer length was determined from the concrete strain profile at the level of the strands at transfer and development length was determined from various external loading lengths and compared with current code equation. Through the test results, bond failure is predicted based on the distress caused by cracks when they propagate within the transfer zone of prestressing strand. The current code equation was found to be conservative in comparison with the measured value.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제76권1호
• /
• pp.67-81
• /
• 2020

Pretensioned concrete (PC) is widely used in contemporary construction. Bond of prestressing strand is significant for composite-action between the strand and concrete in the transfer and flexural-bond zones of PC members. This study develops a new methodology for quantifying the bond of 18-mm prestressing strand in PC members based on results of a pullout test, the Standard Test for Strand Bond (STSB). The experimental program includes: (a) twenty-four pretensioned concrete beams, using a wide range of concrete compressive strength; and (b) twelve untensioned pullout specimens. By testing beams, the transfer length, flexural-bond length, and development length were all measured. In the STSB, the pullout forces for the strands were measured. Experimental results indicate a significant relationship between the bond of prestressing strand to the code-established design parameters, such as transfer length and development length. However, the code-predictions can be unconservative for the prestressing strands having a low STSB pullout force. Three simplified bond equations are proposed for the design applications of PC members.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.211-229
• /
• 2007

An experimental investigation to determine the transfer length of a seven-wire prestressing strand in different concretes is presented in this paper. A testing technique based on the analysis of bond behaviour by means of measuring the force supported by the prestressing strand on a series of specimens with different embedment lengths has been used. An analytical bond model to calculate the transfer length from an inelastic bond stress distribution along the transfer length has been obtained. A relationship between the plastic bond stress for transfer length and the concrete compressive strength at the time of prestress transfer has been found. An equation to predict the average and both the lower bound and the upper bound values of transfer length is proposed. The experimental results have not only been compared with the theoretical prediction from proposed equations in the literature, but also with experimental results obtained by several researchers.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정보통신학회 2022년도 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.391-393
• /
• 2022

The preparation of polynuclear metal dendritic molecule for photodynamic diagnosis(PDD) or photodynamic therapy(PDT) has been interested on design and synthesis of metal-to-metal long ranged macromolecule. Herein, imine bond or amide bond as chemical bond is an important role on the construction of energy transfer or electron transfer system. Therefore, we will be presented on the role of chemical bond for the preparation of polynuclear metal dendritic molecule.