• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.37-50
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• 1990

The cause and the degree of the cis to trans isomerization were investigated about soybean oil (SBO), corngerm oil (CGO), cottonseed oil (CSO), margarine (MG) and shortening (ST). All samples treated with various conditions were analyzed to determine physicochemical characteristics (AV, POV, IV, RI), fatty acid composition, total trans fatty acid content and change of trans fatty acid composition by GLC, IR and HPLC. The results were obtained as follows; 1. Physicochemical constants were changed with a gentle slope according to incubating period at 40${\pm}$2$^{\circ}C$ and physicochemical constants of margarine and shortening were changed, significiantly. 2. The saturation degree in the unsaturated fatty acid composition determined by GLC gradually were increased during incubation and heating periodically. For palmitic-and stearic acid content at the samples stored in the incubator, the saturation degrees were gradually increased. But for the case of heat treatment, they were increased more rapidly than other fatty acids. 3. Total trans fatty acid contents in each samples were determined by GLC, IR and HPLC, the amount of trans fatty acids were measured with discrepancy. It was caused by deviation of analytical instruments, methods and the kinds of samples. Trans fatty acids were measured more definitly in IR more than GLC and HPLC. On the other hand, total trans fatty acid contents in average levels for SBO, CGO, CSO, MG and ST stored for 35 days and heated for 24 hours were 1.3%, 1.1%, 0.9%, 22.6% and 13.8%, and 3.6%, 3.0%, 2.8%, 41.2% and 20.8%, respectively.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.291-299
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• 2009

This study was carried out to examine the proportion of fatty acids and contents of trans fatty acid in commercial processed foods in Jeon-Buk area. Contents of trans fatty acid in bakery products ranged from 0.2% to 1.0% per 100 g food. Especially garlic bread and pastry contained the highest amount. Popcorns contained trans fatty acid from 0.0% to 13.4%. Among them, instant popcorns for microwave contained the highest amount, while trans fatty acid was hardly detected in popcorns for theater. And trans fatty acid detected in popcorns was mostly in the form of 18 : 1 trans. The content of trans fatty acid in pizza was nearly 0.2%. Amounts of saturated fatty acid and unsaturated fatty acid were similar between each type of pizza and frozen pizza. Fritters such as fried chickens and vegetables contained trans fatty acid less than 0.2% per 100 g food.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.350-355
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• 2009

In this research, fatty acid composition and trans fatty acids of 22 selected meat products produced by Turkish companies were analyzed by capillary gas liquid chromatography (GLC). Total fat contents of the meat products ranged from 11.60-42.50%. Salami had the lowest fat content 11.60% and sucuk (soudjuk) the highest 42.50%. Major fatty acids were C$_{16:0}$, C$_{18:0}$, trans C$_{18:1}$, cis C$_{18:1}$, and C$_{18:2}$ in the samples. Total unsaturated fatty acid contents have changed from 38.73 to 70.71% of total fatty acids, and sausage had the highest percentage among the samples. The majority of samples contain trans fatty acids and the level ranged from 2.28 to 7.95% of the total fatty acids. The highest amount of total trans fatty acids was determined in kavurma (Cavurmas) (7.95%), and total trans fatty acids of meat products such as pastrami contained more than 5% of the total fatty acids.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.211-217
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• 2009

대덕구 관내 학교주변 분식점과 길거리 노점, 소규모 제과점에서 수거한 시료들의 조지방과 총 트랜스, 포화, 불포화 지방산의 함량 조사결과 어린이들이 선호하는 식품 중의 하나인 수입 비스켓류에서 100 g 당 트랜스지방산 함량이 0.05~0.83 g으로 나타났으며, 또한 포화지방산은 전체 구성 지방산 중에서 42.25~66.24%를 차지하였고 이때 100 g 당 포화지방산의 함량은 3.18~6.06 g으로 나타났다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.261-266
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• 2010

In this study, we determined lipid content, total fatty acid composition, trans fatty acid(tFA) content, and acid value of twenty black-bean-sauce noodles collected in Seoul city area. Total lipid contents of twenty samples were determined to be 3.33~9.23% on wet base. Total unsaturated fatty acids were from 47.83% to 83.18%(mainly oleic and linoleic acid). Total saturated fatty acids ranged from 16.06% to 51.48%. Besides, tFA contents in total lipid of samples were ranged from 0.38% to 1.39%, equivalent to 20 to 80mg per 100g of black-bean-sauce noodles. Acid values of lipids extracted from samples ranged from 0.56 to 2.88.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.35-45
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• 2013

The fat content, fatty acid composition, trans fatty acid content and triacylglycerol (TAG) composition of 22 chocolates (domestics 8, foreigns 14) collected from the Korea distribution markets were investigated. The crude fat was extracted by acid hydrolysis method and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and reversed-phase HPLC for fatty acid and TAG compositions, respectively. The crude fat content of all chocolates varied between 30.11% and 49.59%. The major fatty acids in most of the chocolates were palmitic acid (19.36~31.15 wt%), stearic acid (5.11~36.32 wt%) and oleic acid (18.77~36.68 wt%). Whereas lauric acid (approximately 35.43 wt%) was detected in chocolate fat of sample No. 18. High oleic acid content was observed for the sn-2 position fatty acid with a range from 64.91% to 86.93%. Trans fatty acid contents in domestic chocolates (sample No. 1~8) and foreign chocolates (sample No. 9~22) were 0.03~0.59 wt% (0.01~0.19 g/100g chocolate) and 0.05~6.32 wt% (0.02~1.99 g/100g chocolate), respectively. In TAG composition, TAGs such as POP/PPO(1,3(2)-palmitoyl-2(3)-oleoyl glycerol, PN=48), POS/PSO(palmitoyl-oleoyl-stearoyl glycerol or palmitoyl-stearoyl-oleoyl glycerol, PN=50), SOS/SSO(1,3(2)-stearoyl-2(3)-oleoyl glycerol, PN=50) were mainly detected in most of the chocolates. The peaks of TAG with low PN (ex, 32-34, 36-38, and 40-42) were detected in No. 18 chocolate fat because of containing short chain fatty acid such as lauric acid.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.64-71
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• 2007

Breads and cookies made with conventional or low-trans fat(margarine and shortening) were analyzed by determining their trans fat content, textural properties and color values after production. The trans fatty acids content in conventional margarine was three times higher than that of low-trans margarine. Moreover, the content of trans fatty acids in the conventional shortening was 49 times higher than that of low-trans shortening. The trans fatty acid contents of cookies and breads made with low-trans fat, can be reduced more than 2 to 75 times compared to cookies and breads made with conventional fat. In the produced cookies and breads, the color values and textural properties(hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness) did not differ significantly when the conventional fat or low-trans fat was used.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.219-222
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• 1985

한국산 가정용 마아가린을 1983년과 1984년 및 대만산을 각기 11종, 19종과 4종을 시정에서 구입하여 GLC로 분석하였다. 1983년 제품은 trans-octadenoic arid가 $6.2{\sim}35.5%$(평균 18%)이었고 t,t-octadecadienoic acid는 없었다. 트란스-지방산은 linoleic acid함량이 증가할수록 감소하였다. 1984년도의 마아가린은 1983년 제품에 비하여 트란스지방산 함량이 감소하는 대신에 linoleic acid는 증가하였다. P/S ratio는 1984년도의 연질형(軟質型)에서 증가를 나타냈다. 한국산 마아가린은 일본산 마아가린보다 linoleic acid함량이 다소 작게 나타났다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.600-605
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• 2009

본 연구는 시판되는 닭튀김류의 지방함량과 지방산 조성, 트랜스 지방산함량 및 산가를 조사하기 위해 총 20종을 대상으로 분석하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 20종의 닭튀김에서 추출된 지방함량은 $4.94{\sim}18.06%$의 다양한 범위를 나타내었다. 이러한 지방함량의 분포는 닭 자체의 지방함량이나 닭을 튀긴 기름의 종류, 튀김온도, 시간, 튀김옷의 성분차이 등 다양한 요인에 의한 차이라고 생각된다. 조사된 닭튀김의 주요 지방산 조성은 palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid 등이었다. 포화 지방산 중에서 palmitic acid($10.67{\sim}25.43%$)가 불포화지방산 중에서는 oleic acid($29.78{\sim}67.85%$)와 linoleic acid($8.42{\sim}39.54%$)가 가장 많았다. 식품 100 g당 함유되어 있는 트랜스 지방산 함량은 0.1 g 이하의 낮은 함량을 보여주었으며 닭튀김에 함유된 지방을 추출하여 산가를 측정한 결과 20종의 닭튀김의 결과치는 식품공전상 튀김식품의 산가 규격을 초과하지 않는 양호한 결과를 나타내었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.399-405
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• 1996

The effects of stearic(18 : 0, SA), oleic(18 : 1 cis, OA) and elaidic acid(18 : 1 trans, EA) on the cell growth, contents of cellular lipids, and the fatty acid composition of cellular and medium lipids in Hep-G$_2$cells were evaluated. The cells were incubated in serum-free medium containing 25, 50, 100 and 200$\mu$M of a fatty acid combined with albumin for 2 days. The fatty acid concentration up to 100$\mu$M showed the normal growth, but the cell growth decreased in the presence of 200$\mu$M fatty acid. The treatment of cells with 100$\mu$M of a fatty acid for two days significantly(p<0.05) increased the cellular triglyceride(TG) content in all fatty acid groups compared to control, but TG contents was not significantly different among all treatment group, but total cholesterol(TC) was the highest level in EA group. The level of free cholesterol(FC) and cholesteryl ester(CE) was similar to those of TC in all fatty acid treated group. The cellular phospholipid(PL) contents were similar between the control and all fatty acid groups. The treatment of cells with SA has no notable effects on the fatty acid composition of TG, CE and PL. The OA treatment caused significant increases in CE(51.2%) and PL(29.8%), but not in TG. The EA treatment resulted in 10.1, 10.7 and 7.8% of $C_{18:1\;trans}$ content in cellular TG, CE, and PL. The TG, CE and PL of medium were relatively similar between SA and OA groups. In EA treated group, TG, CE and PL of medium contained 17.0%, 0.7% and 5.6% of $C_{18:1\;trans}$, respectively.