• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.4087-4107
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• 2016

The current cloud computing paradigm is still vulnerable to a significant number of system failures. The increasing demand for fault tolerance and resilience in a cost-effective and device-independent manner is a primary reason for creating an effective means to address system dependability and availability concerns. This paper focuses on online failure prediction for cloud computing systems using system runtime data, which is different from traditional tolerance techniques that require an in-depth knowledge of underlying mechanisms. A 'failure prediction' approach, based on Cloud Theory (CT) and the Hidden Markov Model (HMM), is proposed that extends the HMM by training with CT. In the approach, the parameter ω is defined as the correlations between various indices and failures, taking into account multiple runtime indices in cloud computing systems. Furthermore, the approach uses multiple dimensions to describe failure prediction in detail by extending parameters of the HMM. The likelihood and membership degree computing algorithms in the CT are used, instead of traditional algorithms in HMM, to reduce computing overhead in the model training phase. Finally, the results from simulations show that the proposed approach provides very accurate results at low computational cost. It can obtain an optimal tradeoff between 'failure prediction' performance and computing overhead.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.53-60
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• 2004

This paper is the study for the automatic pulse-power diagnostic system to discriminate the four constitutions with the piezo-sensor module and digital signal processing hardware attached on the patient arm-neck and the statistical decision software instead of the fingers and intelligence of a traditional korean doctor. This system can be used as a important medical equipment because this automatically diagnostic system has shown the excellent performance of the 65∼76% correctness against the 50∼66% correctness which the general korean doctors with knowledge and experiences have shown. Additionally, this paper has discussed the excellent characteristics of the automatic discrimination algorithm of the four constitutions.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.6098-6122
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• 2018

Cache-based side-channel attacks have achieved more attention along with the development of cloud computing technologies. However, current host-based mitigation methods either provide bad compatibility with current cloud infrastructure, or turn out too application-specific. Besides, they are defending blindly without any knowledge of on-going attacks. In this work, we present CacheSCDefender, a framework that provides a (Virtual Machine Monitor) VMM-based comprehensive defense framework against all levels of cache attacks. In designing CacheSCDefender, we make three key contributions: (1) an attack-aware framework combining our novel dynamic remapping and traditional cache cleansing, which provides a comprehensive defense against all three cases of cache attacks that we identify in this paper; (2) a new defense method called dynamic remapping which is a developed version of random permutation and is able to deal with two cases of cache attacks; (3) formalization and quantification of security improvement and performance overhead of our defense, which can be applicable to other defense methods. We show that CacheSCDefender is practical for deployment in normal virtualized environment, while providing favorable security guarantee for virtual machines.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.25-55
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• 2011

The currently existing "Bonchojeonghwa (本草精華)" is a manuscript without the preface and the epilogue, composed of 2 books in 2 volumes. This book is a quintessence of knowledge on science of medicinal ingredients (medicinal phytology I herbal science) as well as an trial of new development in Chosun medical science. I.e. this book includes surprising change representing medical science in Chosun dynasty as a single publication on science of medicinal ingredients. It holds a value essential to clinician as a specialized book in medicinal ingredients, and Includes richer content on medicinal ingredients than any other books published before. In addition, it is away from boring list-up of superfluous knowledge as seen in "Bonchokangmok(本草綱目)" published in China, and well summarizes essential knowledge which can be used within a range of medicines available in Korea. This book has an outstanding structure that can be even used in today's textbook on science of medicinal ingredients, as it has clear theory, system and classification. Because it handles essential learning points prior to prescription to disease, it is possible to configure new prescription and adjustment of medicinal materials. Moreover, this book can play a good role for linguistic study at the time of publication, because it describes many drugs in Hangul in many parts of the book. "Bonchojeonghwa" includes a variety of animals, plants and mineral resources in Korea, like "Bonchokangmok" which was recently listed in UNESCO. As such, it has a significance in natural history as well as pharmacy in Korean Medicine. It has various academic relationships all in biologic & abiologic aspects. It has importance in sharing future biological resources, building up international potential, setting up the standard for biologic species under IMF system, and becoming a base for resource diplomacy. We should not only see it as a book on medicinal ingredients in terms of Oriental Medicine, but also make an prudent approach to it in terms of study strengthening Korea's national competitiveness. After bibliographical reviewing on the features & characteristics of the only existing copy of "Bonchojeonghwa" housed in Kyujanggak(奎章閣) of Seoul National University, the followings are noted. First, "Bonchojeonghwa" is a specialized book on medicinal ingredients voluntarily made by private hands to distribute knowledge on drugs in the desolate situation after Imjinoeran (Japanese Invasion in 1592), without waiting for governmental help. Second, it raised accessibility and practicality by new editing. Third, it classified 990 different kinds of drugs into plant, animal, and mineral at large, and dassified more in detail into 15 'Bu' and 48 'Ryu' at 258 pages. Fourth, the publication of this book is estimated to be around 1625~1633, at the time of Injo's reign in 17th century. Fifth, it contains the existing & up-to-date knowledge at the time of publication, and it is possible to see the supply-demand situation by Hangul descriptions in 149 places in the book. By the fact that there are many linguistic evidences of 17th century, explains well when the book was published.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.159-183
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• 2012

In order to create a desirable science culture needed in our society, it is necessary to overcome the foreignness of science and technology and to overcome severance from tradition. In this context, this article attempts to understand the characteristics of our traditional science and to explore the possibility of forming a desirable science culture through astronomy, which is an example of traditional science. Thus, this article examined the general characteristics of astronomy that had appeared first in ancient civilization. It also focused on the fact that each civilization has its own unique cultural elements together with astronomical knowledge as a field of science in traditional astronomy. Calendar and lifa(曆法), which are considered science of time, are closely connected with people's daily lives and reveal cultural differences clearly among the subfields of astronomy. In all ancient civilizations, time was represented based on the movements of the sun and the moon, but how time should be concretely represented varied, depending on different cultures. As a result, various calendar system emerged. Throughout East Asia, including our country, the luni-solar calendar was used. The calendar in East Asia, unlike that in the West, was the one derived from the lifa, which was very complex and elaborate astronomical work. The characteristics of the luni-solar calendar can be clearly found in the seasonal customs that represent people's daily lives well; however, lots of so-called superstition are also included in the seasonal customs. For this reason, it is easy to misunderstand that our calendar system is unscientific, or to suspect that our overall traditional science lacks scientific aspects. However, proper understanding of the calendar and the lifa of East Asia can confirm that scientific aspects certainly existed in our tradition. This will be the vital link to tradition that will help overcome the foreignness of today's science and technology.

• Women's Studies Review
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.3-36
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• 2010

This paper is based on the certain point that 'the indigenous', which have long been occupied by the Asian patriarchy or the local communities, now calls for the repositioning in the feminist context. 'The indigenous', in one part, generally refer to the matured long-standing traditions and practices of certain regional, or local communities, as a mode of a place specific way of endowing the world with integral meaning. In the narrow definition, it points to the particular form of placed based knowledge for survival, for example, the useful knowledge of a population who have lived experiences of the environment. In the other part, 'the indigenous' could be criticized in the gender perspectives because it has been served as an ideological tool for patriarchy and sexism, which have undermined women's body and subjectivity in the name of the Asian traditional community. That's why the feminists with sensitivity to the discourses of it, may perceive it very differently, still hesitating dealing with the problem. However, even if there are tendencies that the conservatives romanticize local traditions and essentialize 'the indigenous', as it were, it does not exist 'out there'. Then, it could be scrutinized in the contemporary context which, especially, needs to seek the possibility towards the alternatively post - develope mental knowledge system. In the face of global economic crisis which might be resulted from the instrumentalized or fragmented knowledge production system, it's holistic conceptions that human, society, and nature should not be isolated from each other. is able to give an insightful thinking. It will work in the restraint condition that we reconceptualize the indigenous knowledge not as an unchanging artefact of a timeless culture, but as a dynamic, living and culturally meaningful system towards the ecofeminstic indigenous knowledge. And then, indigenous renaissance phenomena which empower non-western culture and knowledge system and generate increased consciousness of cultural membership. Thus, this paper argues that the indigenous knowledges which have been underestimated in the western-centered knowledge-power relations, could be reconstructed as a potential resources of ecological civility transnationally which reconnect individuals and societies with nature.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.163-176
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• 2009

Objectives : To address most probable and suitable method for designing clinical trial intervening Traditional Korean Herbal Medicine on hwa-byung. Study Design : A systematic review of research studies of complementary and/or alternative medical(CAM) treatment of depression, and of domestic clinical trials of Traditional Korean Medicine, and of Chinese clinical trials of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Methods : Randomized, controlled trials(RCTs) of treatment of depression intervening herbal medicine were searched through MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and CNKI databases. Also, domestic RCTs intervening Traditional Korean Herbal Medicine were searched through Korean Traditional Knowledge Portal and Korean studies Information Service System(KISS). Studies were evaluated using Iadad scale and self-designed tool for this study. Results : Thirty four RCT studies( 10 from MEDLINE, 16 from CNKI, 8 domestic studies) of herbal medicine met inclusion criteria. Mean Jadad score of studies published in English was 2.8${\pm}$0.79, in Chinese 1.94${\pm}$0.77, and in Korean 2.75${\pm}$0.71. Twenty one percent of studies included pattern differentiation in their inclusion criteria. Twenty nine percent of studies used combined treatment of herbal and conventional medicine. Among studies on depression, 9% included Complementary Medical assessing tools. Conclusions : There is shortage of domestic clinical trial involving herbal medicine. In China, studies tend to focus on investigating effect of Combined treatment of herbal and conventional medicine on depression. Clinical trial(s) of hwa-byung should provide good internal validity by describing methodology for randomization, double-blinding, and attrition. Also, specific guideline for clinical trial, including Traditional Korean Medical aspects across inclusion criteria, and assessing tools is needed.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.389-408
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was designed to analyze the behavioral change of knowledge structures and the trends of research topics in the quality management field. Methods: The network structure and knowledge structure of the words were visualized in map form using co-word analysis, cluster analysis and strategic diagram. Results: Summarizing the research results obtained in this study are as follows. First, the word network derived from co-occurrence matrix had 106 nodes and 5,314 links and its density was analyzed to 0.95. Average betweenness centrality of word network was 2.37. In addition, average closeness centrality and average eigenvector centrality of word network were 0.01. Second, by applying optimal criteria of cluster decision and K-means algorithm to word co-occurrence matrix, 106 words were grouped into seven clusters such as standard & efficiency, product design, reliability, control chart, quality model, 6 sigma, and service quality. Conclusion: According to the results of strategic diagram analysis over time, the traditional research topics of quality management field related to reliability, 6 sigma, control chart topics in the third quadrant were revealed to be declined for their study importance. Research topics related to product design and customer satisfaction were found to be an important research topic over analysis periods. Research topic related to management innovation was emerging state and the scope of research topics related to process model was extended to research topics with system performance. Research topic related to service quality located in the first quadrant was analyzed as the key research topic.

• Korean Business Review
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• v.14
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• pp.189-210
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• 2001

According to Ferber (1988), philosophy of science considerations are particularly important for an area like consumer research that seeks to be interdisciplinary. The fact that the topic is studied by so many disciplines with different research traditions immediately raises the question of how one evaluates the (often conflicting) knowledge claims of its various practitioners. Closely related to this is the issue of whether it is even possible to study the topic in a truly interdisciplinary manner or whether a multidisciplinary approach is worth trying. In fact, this issue has triggered heated debates on positivism and relativism in consumer research and a significant number of consumer researchers, though majority of them still resorts to the traditional positivist paradigm, has rejected the tenets of positivism and has turned instead to relativism as the emergent paradigm for knowledge generation. The purpose of this paper is to elaborate on the possibility of eclecticism between positivism and relativism in consumer research. However, self-justifying system of each research camp let any comparison or attempt to reconcile regress to the questioning of philosophical assumption, "Objective reality does exist?", which can not be resolved. As Kuhn (1970) noted, philosophy of science may be chosen for reasons that are ultimately personal and subjective. Therefore, the possibility of eclecticism may be reserved. Rather, complementarity of each research practice can be suggested to make consumer research achieve holistic disciplinary status. Both camps can get nowhere by challenging respective philosophical underpinnings but can advance knowledge on substantive and methodological domains by complementing each other.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.1-18
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• 2024

Objectives : This study aimed to analyze the College of Korean Medicine's education related to vaccination to examine the feasibility of Korean medical doctors administering vaccines. Methods : We conducted a comprehensive review of the guidelines from the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCP) and the U.S. Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), along with the educational standards of Korean medical colleges. From these sources, key knowledge areas essential for vaccination were identified and distilled into 12 core items, creating a checklist used to evaluate the vaccination-related education. The curricula of Korean medical colleges and online continuing education courses for Korean medical doctors were analyzed using this checklist. Additionally, we reviewed the compulsory education course for vaccination providers for comparative purposes. Results : The analysis of common textbooks from colleges of Korean medicine revealed that while basic concepts of vaccination are widely covered, practical guidance on vaccine administration is less comprehensive. Continuing education for Korean medical doctors emphasizes basic epidemiological knowledge, vaccination contraindications and treating adverse reactions, but lacks details on patient education and the vaccination process. Compulsory education for vaccination providers covers extensive administrative content and comprehensively addresses essential vaccination knowledge, including patient education and practical vaccination procedures. Conclusion : The College of Korean Medicine's curriculum covers basic vaccination theories but lacks specific training in vaccine management. Additional training can improve Korean medical doctors' vaccination skills, enhancing the healthcare system's emergency response.