• 대한한방종양학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.47-60
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• 1999

Traditional oriental medicines have been used for treatment of various kinds of human cancers for long times and some of them proven to be effective clinically. However, the pharmacological actions and mechanisms related to cancer treatment are generally unknown. In an effort to clarify the action mechanisms of several oriental medicines used for cancer treatments, we planned this experimental procedures. We selected Cordyceps sinensis (冬蟲下草), Punellae Herba (夏枯草), Rehmanniae Radix (熟地黃), Paeoniae Radix (白芍藥), Oldenlandiae Herba (白花蛇舌草), Partulaceae Herba (馬齒? ), Scdopendra subspinipes mutilans (蜈蚣), Mylabris Phalerara (班蟄), Phellinus igniarius(桑黃), Ganodermae Lignum(靈芝) for evaluation, which have been used for patients of gastric cancers. The twenty grams of medicines were boiled in 100ml of water for 1 hour and filtered with $0.2\;{\mu}m$ pore-sized filter unit to remove insoluble particles. Initially we evaluated the effects oriental medicines on growth inhibition in stomach cancer cells. The gastric cancer cell line, AGS, was cultured in RPMI 1640 supplemented with l0% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum and treated with $10{\mu}l$ oriental medicines per 1ml of medium up to 48 hours. The specimens were subjected to MTT assay for evaluation of growth inhibition. We found mat Mylabris phalerata (班蟄) markedly suppressed the growth of cancer cells as shown in results. Next, we checked the effects of oriental medicines on cancer on cell cycles and apptosis. Mylabrls phalerata (班蟄) inhibited cell cycle progression of cancer cells a compared with control cells and cells treated with other medicines. In addition, Mylabri phalerata (班蟄) induced apoptosis in 30-40% of stomch cancer cells within 24 hours. Other oriental medicines used for this experiments did not show apoptosis-inducing effects on cancer cells. Finally, we determined the expression levels of genes associated with cell cycle and apoptosis. The expressions of Bcl-2 and bcl-XL were downregulated by the treatment of Mylabris phalerata (班蟄). However, the expression levels of genes related to cell cycles were not altered significantly. In conclusion, we found that Mylabris phalerata (班蟄) has in vivo gowth-inhibiting and apptosis-inducing effects on stomach cancer cells. However, we think that at least animal experiments are necessay for evduations.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.348-354
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• 2015

Experiments for catch and cluster analysis on the catch by gillnet for the Pacific herring were conducted using traditional nylon net (PA) and developing biodegradable net (PBS) with different monofilaments of #2 (=0.23 mm) and #3 (=0.28 mm) in diameter between 2011 and 2012, and of #2, #2.5 and #3 in 2013 in the eastern coastal waters of Samcheok, Korea. The total catch during the experiments was 3,337kg in weight and 16,757 individuals in number. Though the catch ratio of the Pacific herring in 2011 and 2012 was 97.4% and 98.7%, respectively, that of the Pacific herring in 2013 was 73.6% as the biggest and followed by goldeye rockfish (8.6%), black edged sculpin (8.4%), atka mackerel (7.2%) and Alaska cod (1.0%). The ANOVA analysis on the total catch in relation to net material showed that there was not statistically significant difference at the 5% level between nylon net (PA) and biodegradable net (PBS) (p=0.91). With the cluster analysis on the catch in relation to net material (PA, PBS) and twine thick (#2, #3), it showed the influence of net material on the catch was greater than that of twine diameter in this experiment. From the test of homogeneity on the catch by the gillnet with PA and PBS in which several species were caught in 2013, there was not statistically significant homogeneity in relation to net material (p<0.005). That meant the traditional gillnet of nylon (PA) was more efficient than the biodegradable (PBS) gillnet to catch several kinds of fish, however the PBS gillnet was better than the PA gillnet to catch the target Pacific herring.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:데이타베이스
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.297-303
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• 2005

질의응답(Question Answering) 시스템은 질의에서 요구하는 정답 유형(Answer type) 및 질의에 사용된 용어를 적용하여 보다 정확한 답을 추출하고자 한다. 그러나 질의에 사용된 용어들이 문서에 그대로 사용되지 않고 같은 의미의 다른 어휘로 출현하기도 하며, 흑은 다른 문법적 정보를 가진 카테고리에 등장하여 정답 추출에 어려움이 따른다. 만약, 질의에서 요구하는 정보유형을 보다 깊게 세분화하고, 세분화된 질의 유형과 개념적으로 유사한 문장을 대상으로 정답 추출을 수행할 수 있다면 보다 정확한 정답을 추출할 수 있을 것이다. 따라서, 본 논문은 심층 질의 카테고리의 개념 커버리지에 기반한 효과적인 의미적 질의 확장 방법론을 제안한다. 질의에서 요구하는 정보 유형을 보다 세분화된 심충 질의 카테고리로 나누고, 이러한 심층 질의 카테고리를 표현하기 위해 동원되는 어휘 집합에 질의 확장을 적용함으로써 정답 추출의 성능을 향상시키고자 하였다. 제안된 시스템의 성능 평가를 위하여, TREC 문서 중 1991년도 WSJ(Wall Street Journal) 42,654건과 TREC-9의 질의를 대상으로 실험한 결과 질의 확장을 수행하지 않는 시스템의 경우 MRR(Mean reciprocal ratio) 측정에서 0.223의 결과를 보인 반면 제안된 시스템의 경우 0.50의 향상된 결과를 보였다.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.39-50
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 전통 제련법을 토대로 사철을 이용해 괴련철 생산을 재현하고 슬래그 및 괴련철을 분석하여 재료학적 특성을 알아보았다. 원료는 고문헌을 토대로 경주사철과 포항사철을 이용했다. WD-XRF 및 XRD 결과 경주사철은 저티탄사철의 Magnetite이며 포항사철은 고티탄사철의 Magnetite와 Ilmenite가 혼합됨을 확인하였다. 슬래그의 XRD 및 미세조직 분석결과 경주사철 슬래그는 Fayalite와 $W{\ddot{u}stite$, 포항사철 슬래그는 Titanomagnetite와 Fayalite가 확인되어 사철의 Ti 함량에 따른 조직의 차이를 확인하였다. 괴련철의 미세조직의 분석결과 경주사철 괴련철은 표면에 공석강에 가까운 탄소함량을 보이는 Pearlite가 우세하며, 내부는 Ferrite와 Pearlite가 혼재된 아공석강이었다. 포항사철 괴련철은 순철에 가까운 Ferrite이었다. 괴련철의 철물화를 위해서는 내부 불순물 제거, 조직을 치밀하게 하는 정련 및 단접이 필요함을 확인하였다. 향후 다양한 조건의 전통 제철 실험을 통해 제철부산물의 성격을 규명하고 제철 유적의 특징을 알아보는데 중요한 데이터로 활용 가능할 것이다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제60권1호
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• pp.9-18
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• 2022

임상에서 심미적 수복에 사용되는 세라믹 재료들은 성능에 대한 예측을 위해 실험실 연구가 필수적이다. 취성을 가진 세라믹의 물성 평가를 위해서는 파괴인성과 굽힘강도 등 전통적인 실험들이 사용되어 왔다. 하지만 이러한 실험은 실험의 하중조건, 실패 양상, 실패가 일어나는 하중 값이 사람의 교합력 범위나 임상에서의 실패와 유사하지 않다는 한계점이 있다. 반면 최근에 세라믹 부분파절을 연구하기 위해 도입된 edge chipping test (ECT)는 임상과 실패 양상이 비슷하고, 실패하중값도 사람의 교합력과 유사하여 세라믹 물성 연구에 유용하게 사용될 수 있다. 이 문헌고찰에서는 전통적인 세라믹 하중시험들의 의미와 한계점들을 살펴보고 ECT와 비교함으로써 보다 임상적으로 의미 있는 세라믹 재료들의 실험실 연구에 대해 고찰하고자 한다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.26-31
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• 1998

We have examined in vitro and in vivo radioprotective effect of a Chinese medicinal plants prescription, Lifukang. Micronucleus assay was employed to evaluate in vitro radioprotective effect of Lifukang. In the presence of Lifukang, the frequencies of miconuclei were greatly reduced from 7.2 to 2.9, 1.6 and 1.6% at the concentrations of Lifukang from 0 to 2, 10 and $50{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. For in vivo assay, we monitored the incidences of apoptotic cells in mouse small intestine crypts and endogeneous spleen colonies. When Lifukang was administered to mice P.O. Or I.P. at doses of 1 mg/ml in drinking water for 7 days or 0.3 mg/mouse 24 hrs prior to irradiations, respectively, the average numbers of apoptotic cells were reduced to 3.1 or 2.3, respectively, as compared to 4.4 acquired from untreated control experiments. In addition, in spleen colony assay, Lifukang increased the number of hematopoietic spleen colonies. When samples were administered after irradiation, better results were obtained. The numbers of spleen colonies were increased from 14 colonies to 18.3 or 19.6 colonies when Lifukang was given through P.O. (1 mg/ml in drinking water for 11 days) or I.P. (0.3 mg/ mouse) after irradiation, respectively.

• Journal of Evidence-Based Herbal Medicine
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2008

Herbal medicines have an accurate effect on atopic dermatitis, and at the same time, they hardly have adverse reactions. However, herbal medicines are difficult to be quantitatively analyzed due to low-quality preparation and types. In addition, herbal medicines have raised many problems as they have not been standardized and their active components have not been analyzed. Patients with atopic dermatitis began to recognize the effectivity and safety of herbal medicines. Accordingly, standardization, biological analyses, animal experiments and clinical trials should be generally performed in order that herbal medicines may be recognized all over the world. A standard, which is to objectively judge the curative effect of atopic dermatitis, should be established as soon as possible. Case studies and RCTs (Randomized Controlled Trials) should be actively performed on the basis of rigid clinical trial design to the end that the curative effect of herbal medicines is recognized all the world over.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.179-186
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• 2010

본 연구에서는, 건물이 밀집한 도심지를 대상으로 취득한 지상 LiDAR 자료의 geo-referencing을 위해 필요한 특정정의 절대좌표를 효율적으로 취득할 수 있는 방안을 모색하였다. 도심지에서는 GPS 신호 수신의 문제점, 다각측량 및 수준측량을 통한 원거리 기준점 측량의 비용적 문제점 등이 발생할 수 있으며 이를 극복하기 위하여 건물의 옥상에서 GPS 측량을 통해 기준점을 설치하고 특징점의 절대좌표를 취득하는 방식을 제안하였다. 제안된 방식에서는 옥상에서의 지상 레이저 스캐닝이 가능할 경우 기준점 자체를 특징점으로 사용함으로써 별도의 특징점 선정 및 측량을 필요로 하지 않으며 안정적인 스캐닝도 보장받을 수 있다. 실제 대상지역에 적용한 결과 본 연구에서 제안된 방식이 기존 방식에 비하여 충분히 비용 효율적일 수 있다는 가능성을 확인하였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.81-98
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• 2013

Since Probabilistic Latent Semantic Analysis (PLSA) and Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) were introduced, many revised or extended topic models have appeared. Due to the intractable likelihood of these models, training any topic model requires to use some approximation algorithm such as variational approximation, Laplace approximation, or Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). Although these approximation algorithms perform well, training a topic model is still computationally expensive given the large amount of data it requires. In this paper, we propose a new method, called non-simultaneous sampling deactivation, for efficient approximation of parameters in a topic model. While each random variable is normally sampled or obtained by a single predefined burn-in period in the traditional approximation algorithms, our new method is based on the observation that the random variable nodes in one topic model have all different periods of convergence. During the iterative approximation process, the proposed method allows each random variable node to be terminated or deactivated when it is converged. Therefore, compared to the traditional approximation ways in which usually every node is deactivated concurrently, the proposed method achieves the inference efficiency in terms of time and memory. We do not propose a new approximation algorithm, but a new process applicable to the existing approximation algorithms. Through experiments, we show the time and memory efficiency of the method, and discuss about the tradeoff between the efficiency of the approximation process and the parameter consistency.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.183-190
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• 2013

Objectives : 'Taegyo,' prenatal education, is steeped into Korean culture. Although there has been a traditional focus on providing education and care for the fetus in Korea, there is a lack of medical evidence for its effectiveness. Methods : The authors assessed the scientific basis for 'Taegyo' by reviewing the evidences. Results : 'Taegyo' in Korea began with the spread of Buddhist culture from China, and transmitted by word-of-mouth. The first 'Taegyo' book, the Tae-gyo-shin-gi, was published on 1803. Modern prenatal education is very diverse. However, only a few studies on its effect have been conducted. Development of medicine, especially obstetrics, fetology, pediatrics, psychiatry, and etc., has learned that many factors, including bad environmental conditions and maternal stress, influenced against the fetus and mother. As for the paternal side, occupation, smoking, and stress were also revealed to have consequences for the development of the fetus. On the contrary, adequate maternal nutrition, exercise, and music stimulation positively impact the fetal development and healthy birth. Conclusion : Traditional contents of 'Taegyo' were proved to have effectiveness from evidence-based medicine and animal experiments. We need further studies to explore the impact of prenatal education for the fetal development and maternal health.