• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.131-152
• /
• 2012

This study has analyzed the international trade flow of medical devices in Korea, China, and Japan more theoretically and systematically through a mutual connection of the medical device export structure of Korea and the import structure of China and Japan organically, with an intensity approach on the bilateral international trade flow. Also, it is meaningful to find a solution to boost exports of Korea to China and Japan. Therefore in this study, we recognize the importance of the medical device market in China and Japan, which is the main competition for Korea and its market, and look into the trade situation of these three countries. We also look into the relative market stream and the trade intensity of the main medical devices in Korea, China and Japan, and seek measures for the steady growth of the medical device market in these three countries.

• Korea Trade Review
• /
• v.47 no.5
• /
• pp.241-251
• /
• 2022

As a 4th industrial revolution technology, robots are changing the form of labor market and trade in Korea. In the future, changes in the international trade order are expected to move in the direction of shortening global supply chains and restricting trade between countries. Accordingly, reshoring of relocating overseas production facilities to Korea or near-shoring of relocating overseas production facilities to neighboring allies may expand. In this context, this study analyzed the impact of robot introduction on the domestic labor market and trade based on firm-level data. As a result of analysis based on the 'business activity data' accumulated from 2017 to 2019, the introduction of robot technology was analyzed to expand low-wage, low-skilled employment. Analysis on trade shows that the introduction of robots decreases exports and increases imports. In order to expand exports through the technology of the 4th industrial revolution, employment expansion and robot introduction should occur at the same time, rather than replacing the labor force with robots. In addition, it is thought that reshoring's goal of risk management can be achieved when a stable supply chain for imports of raw materials or essential goods, which are difficult to transfer to Korea, is established together.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
• /
• v.59
• /
• pp.181-205
• /
• 2013

This study has analyzed the international trade flow of medical devices in Korea, China, and U.S. more theoretically and systematically through a mutual connection of the medical device export structure of Korea and the import structure of China and U.S. organically, with an intensity approach on the bilateral international trade flow. Also, it is meaningful to find a solution to boost exports of Korea to China and U.S.. Therefore in this study, we recognize the importance of the medical device market in China and U.S., which is the main competition for Korea and its market, and look into the trade situation of these three countries. We also look into the relative market stream and the trade intensity of the main medical devices in Korea, China and U.S., and seek measures for the steady growth of the medical device market in these three countries.

• Korea Trade Review
• /
• v.47 no.6
• /
• pp.229-246
• /
• 2022

In order to understand the economic damage of economic sanctions on trade between Korea and Russia, a trade structure analysis was conducted through statistics on import and export trade between Korea and Russia. Through the structural analysis of product trade, we tried to accurately analyze the current status of product trade between Korea and Russia. In the trade structure analysis, it was confirmed that the trade in goods between Korea and Russia decreased the most in market share and trade concentration. However, trade specialization, comparative advantage by market, and intra-industry trade index were not significantly affected despite strong economic sanctions. from Russia's point of view Smart measures are needed to address the current situation to avoid a greater economic downturn. The end of the war and the restoration of partnership with other countries are considered the most beneficial solutions for Russia and all countries, but it is difficult to predict how the war will go or what economic situation Russia will be in after the war.

• Korea Trade Review
• /
• v.47 no.1
• /
• pp.145-161
• /
• 2022

For multinational manufacturers, China is an attractive consumer market, but the unique attributes and tastes of Chinese customers present challenges in achieving desired investment performance. In this paper, the influence (mediating function) of consumer-centered market orientation adopted as a strategic means by multinational companies entering China on investment performance was examined utilizing samples collected through questionnaires and statical analysis through structural equation models. This paper, based on value chain and product attributes, divided market orientation into two types: production impacted market orientation and service impacted market orientation. The empirical analysis results of 233 samples showed that, service impacted market orientation with downstream activities and support service (as a variable) has a greater impact on investment performance than production impacted market orientation with upstream activities and product attributes. This indicates to managers that focusing on service impacted market orientation when implementing consumer-centered marketing strategies in the Chinese local market is an efficient/effective localization strategy to increase expected investment performance.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
• /
• v.48 no.4
• /
• pp.45-66
• /
• 2017

Although the main objective of Free Trade Agreements (FTA) is market integration among member countries, there are limited studies supporting this impact. Our study explores whether FTA has enhanced market integration between South Korea and its FTA partners, focusing on South Korea's fishery product import market. We investigate two research questions concerning FTA impacts: first, whether trade costs declined when South Korea imported fishery products from its FTA partners after the FTA; second, if the speed of the convergence of South Korea-its FTA partners'price differential of imported fishery products on trade costs result to occur more quickly after the FTA. To determine these outcomes, we utilize a Threshold Autoregressive Model covering the sample periods from January 2002 to April 2017. Our findings demonstrate the effects of FTA on market integration are different among FTA partners. FTA has enhanced the market integration between South Korea and Norway, Vietnam, and Spain, respectively, but not for others. Therefore, we find positive evidence of FTA on fishery import market integration between South Korea and Norway, Vietnam and Spain, respectively.

• Korea Trade Review
• /
• v.44 no.1
• /
• pp.269-283
• /
• 2019

Due to environmental issues such as global warming, the importance of renewable energy is growing. Solar Power System is one of the most growing eco-friendly energy industries in the world, but Korea's solar energy industry faces fierce competition due to the trade regulations and changes in energy related laws in the major markets such as the U.S., EU and China. Therefore, Korea needs to diversify its export markets towards emerging markets. This paper analyzed 162 countries in the world and developed a model to measure how promising the countries are. GSMI(Grid connected Solar Market Index) and OSMI(Off-grid Solar Market Index) are invented based on the models. By using the developed model and the data of 162 countries over the 15-year period from 2000 to 2014, the foreign markets are ranked for searching the export market. According to the analysis, China, Japan, U.S, India and Taiwan ranked first to fifth in GSMI and OSMI ranking, which were followed by China, India, Bangladesh, Philippines and Afghanistan. The model developed through this research is expected to provide a more reasonable and scientific approach to the advancement of the Korean solar energy industry into overseas markets.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.13 no.6
• /
• pp.35-44
• /
• 2015

Purpose - To accelerate economic cooperation, this study investigates trade structures of Korea and the United States and identifies trade discrepancies. Such discoveries can lead to increases in trade volume by improving policies, eventually uncovering ways for trade expansion. Research design, data, and methodology - The Index of trade intensity, from trade intensity theory, is used to analyze the trade decision factors. Even though specific factors should materialize in the analysis, realistically, concrete explanations are difficult as there are so many unsolved factors and diversifications. Results - First, the Index of A value/ B value positions Korean against the United States in terms of market share and Korea against world market share, which thereby reveals comparative market intensity. Second, Korea is taking comparative advantage of export specialization. Third, real comparative advantage indices are considerably improved since early 2000. Conclusions - This study uses quantitative measurements and trade intensity theory and trade specialization to come up with a comparative advantage index to see how inter-trade relations between Korea and the United States have changed over the past 10 years.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.11 no.11
• /
• pp.33-40
• /
• 2013

Purpose - This study, in seeking to understand the trade structure of both Korea and China, aims to strengthen Korea-China economic cooperation; it examines trade impediments by analyzing the problems affecting trade and addressing these problems, thereby discovering ways to expand trade between these countries. Research Design, Data, and Methodology - The index of trade intensity developed by the trade intensity theory (Kruger, 1997) is used to analyze the trade decision factors of both countries. Although specific factors should have materialized from the analysis of trade decision factors, determining concrete explanations is difficult in reality, as there are many unsolved and diverse factors. Results - First, the index of A value/B value is the index of Korean versus Chinese market share/Korean versus world market share, which is a measure of comparative market intensity. Second, Korea has a comparative advantage in export specialization and, conversely, China has a comparative advantage in import specialization. Third, compared to 2000, the revealed comparative advantage (RCA) indexes are considerably improved. Conclusions - This study used quantitative measurement for analysis, applying trade intensity theory, trade specialization, and RCA indexes to gauge how inter-trade relations have changed between Korea and China during the past 10 years (2000, 2005, and 2012).

• Journal of Korea Trade
• /
• v.23 no.6
• /
• pp.131-144
• /
• 2019

Purpose - The purpose of this study was to investigate market power of soybeans exported by the United States to Korea. Particularly, this paper considered dichotomous characteristics of genetically modified (GM) soybeans and non-GM soybeans and conducted empirical analysis of these two segregated soybean markets to understand key tenets of market power in international soybean trade. Design/methodology - The difference in market power between GM and non-GM soybeans was analyzed using Residual Demand Elasticity (RDE) and Residual Supply Elasticity (RSE) models over the period of 2008~2018. RDE and RSE models under an imperfect competition condition were used to estimate market margins and determine whether GM and non-GM exporters or importers exercised market power in the destination market. Findings - Empirical results suggested that the U.S. had a market power on both GM and non-GM soybean exports. GM exports had greater market power than non-GM exports (14% vs. 9%). By contrast, Korea showed an inability to grab market margin or exert market power in soybean imports. Both export supply by the U.S. and import demand by Korea were found to be more responsive to price changes of GM soybeans than to prices changes of non-GM soybeans. This might be due to a self-interested, profit-seeking strategy by the exporter and many concerned consumers regarding potential adverse effects of GMOs in the importing country. Originality/value - This paper fills the literature gap by exploiting market power in both GM and non-GM markets with explicit consideration of price correlations between GM and non-GM soybeans in Korea. A number of existing studies have provided evidence for market power broadly embedded in international commodity trade. However, studies focusing on Korean markets are limited. No study has explored the country's soybean trade. Furthermore, the majority of prior studies have almost exclusively focused on the market power from a standpoint of exporting countries without discussing importers' market structure. This paper also sought to understand potentially distinguished patterns of market power between GM and non-GM markets.