• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.37-41
• /
• 1966

Observations were made on the total serum protein values of 532 Korean cattles(341 females and 191 males and 191 males) and 90 milk cows in order to determine the effects of age, sex and nutritional status upon serum protein. Results obtained in this studies were summerized as follows; 1. The concentration of total serum protein was higher in the adult than in the younger and was generally increased with the advance of age in Korean cattle. The rate of increase in total serum protein content was more significant in the young than that of adult. 2. The average concentration of total serum protein of male did not differ significaltly from that of females in Korean cattle. 3. The concentration of total serum protein in milk cows were significaltly higher than that of Korean cattle cows and this difference seemed to be influenced by rations high in protein 4. A general tendency showed that the concentration of total serum protein was significaltly higher in the Korean cattle keeping with good nutritional status than that of poor nutritional status.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.65-67
• /
• 1968

Observations were made to determine the effects of age and season upon the total serum protein values of milk goats(female) and milk cows fed in Korea. The results obtained in this work were summerized as follows; 1. In adults. the average concentrations of total serum protein of milk goats and milk cows were higher than in the younger, and were generally increased with the advance of age. The rate of increase in total serum protein value was more significant in the younger than that of adults. 2. The average concentrations of total serum protein of milk cows were significantly higher than those of milk goats. 3. Seasonal variation of total serum protein value was not observed in milk cows. 4. The average concentration of total serum protein of milk goat fed in Korea was much lower than that reported from the Occident, and this difference seemed to be influenced by the ration low in protein.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.318-325
• /
• 1998

To investigate changes in protein and total lipid contents, seed storage protein pattern, and fatty acid composition of germination perilla(Perilla frutescens) seeds. Also, the corresponding value components in cotyledons, hypocotyles and roots were measured according to germination stage. The results were summarized as follows ; During germination, pertein and total lipid contents of Yepsilldalggae and Kwangyang cultivar were decreased continuously. In particular, protein contents rapidly decreased to the 3 days after germination(DAG), and then total lipid contents rapidly decreased between 3 DAG and 10 DAG. In changes of protein and total lipid contents of cotyledons, protein contents of Yeupsildalggae was increased during the germination, but Kwangyang cultivar was decreased during the same periods. The total lipids contents of Yeupsildalggae and Kwangyang cultivar were decreased during the germination. According to SDS-PAGE analysis, there was no detectible polypeptide bands on the gel before seed germination suggesting that this may be due to the rapid degradation of the storage proteins in the mature seed by hydrolyttic enzymes during the stage. During germinatation , the polypeptide band with 27$\sim$28KD of Yeupsildalggae and Kwangyang cultivar were accumulated gradually. In changes of fatty acid composition of total lipid of Yeupsildalggae and Kwangyang cultivar , saturated fatty acids such as palmitic acid and stearic acid increased during the germination. On the other hand, unsaturated fatty acid such as linoleic acid and linolenic acid decreased during the same periods. However, oleic acid increased to the 5 DAG, and then was repidly decreased.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.217-222
• /
• 2007

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of mud flat bacteria origin protease supplementation by crude protein level on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, total protein and BUN (blood urea nitrogen) concentration in broilers. A total of four hundred eighty broilers were randomly allocated into four treatments with six replications for five weeks. Dietary treatments included 1) high crude protein diet, 2) high crude protein diet + 0.1% protease, 3) low crude protein diet and 4) low crude protein diet + 0.1% protease. During the entire experimental period, weight gain and feed/gain were improved in treatments of high crude protein diets and low crude protein diet added protease compared with treatment of low crude protein diet without protease (P<0.05). Similarly, DM digestibility was also improved in treatments of high crude protein diets and low crude protein diet added protease compared with treatment of low crude protein diet without protease (P<0.05). N digestibility was improved in treatment of high crude protein diet added protease compared with low crude protein diet without protease (P<0.05). Total protein concentration in blood was increased in treatment of high crude protein diet without protease compared with other treatments (P<0.05). In conclusion, mud flat origin protease was effective in improving weight gain, feed/gain and nutrient digestibility, and influenced blood total protein in broilers.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.89-96
• /
• 2004

This study is to investigate the effect of dietary mixed protein and L-carnitine supplementation on lipid metabolism in the rats fed high fat diet. Six experimental groups were organized and each group had eight Sprague-Dawley male white rats with the initial weight of around 180g. The six experimental groups were CO(supplemented with casein), CC(supplementedwith casein and cartinine), ISO(supplemented with isolated soy protein), ISC(supplemented with isolated soy protein and cartinine), CIM(supplemented with casein and isolated soy protein), and CIC(supplemented with casein, isolated soy protein and cartinine). Each group was supplemented with the experimental diet for four weeks, and carnitine contained 3efo of the diet. The results were as follows; 1. There was no significant difference in food intake among the experimental groups. The weight increased more significantly in the group supplemented with the mixed protein than in the group supplemented with casein(p<0.05).2. There was weight reduction effect by the supplementation of carnitine(p<0.05), however no weight reduction effect by the supplementation of carnitine was observed in the group supplemented with the mixed protein and isolated soy protein. 3. Food efficiency was lower in the group supplemented with the mixed protein than in the group supplemented with casein (p<0.05), however it was similar in the group supplemented with isolated soy protein.4. Serum total lipid and se겨m total cholesterol were lower in the group supplemented with mixed protein than in the group supplemented with casein(p<0.05). 5. There was no significant difference of serum triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol among the experimental groups. 6. Liver triglyceride was the highest in the group supplemented with mixed protein (p<0.05), and there was no significant difference of liver total lipid and total cholesterol among the experimental groups. 7. In the groups supplemented with mixed protein, the level of liver TBARS showed the lowest when casein was supplemented(p<0.05), and there was no significant difference of GSH-Px activities among the experimental groups. In summary, when mixed protein was supplemented to the rats weight gain and food efficiency were similar with those in the group supplemented with isolated soy protein, however they were lower than those in the group supplemented with casein. The effect of carnitine on weight was not observed in the group supplemented with mixed protein and isolated soy protein, however it was observed in the group supplemented with casein. Serum Total lipid and total cholesterol were lower than those in the group supplemented with casein. Liver total triglyceride was high in the group supplemented with mixed protein, and the antioxidant effect was observed in the group supplemented with mixed protein.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.28 no.5
• /
• pp.406-414
• /
• 1995

Nitrogen(N) concentration of preterm(PT) and term (T) milk in various fractions, such as total, protein, nonprotein, whey protein and casein were determined at 2-5 days, 1, 2, 4 and 6 weeks of postpartum. The purpose of this study was to investigate the nitrogen concentration of human milk from mothers delivering at preterm and term, and the propriety of preterm milk for premature infants. The concentration of total N, nonprotein N, protein N, whey protein N and casein N in preterm milk was decreased significantly with time postpartum. Total N was 374mg/이 at colostrum, 232mg/dl at mature milk. Whey protein N was decreased from 42mg/dl at 2-5 days to 32mg/dl at 4-6 weeks. Protein N was 332mg/dl at colostrum, 202mg/dl at mature milk. The proportion of whey protein N and casein N were 39:61 at colostrum, 28:72 at mature milk. No difference were found between T and PT milk for total nitrogen excepted 2 weeks. In this report we show that nitrogen concentration except casetpt casein N is smaller in milk from mothers giving birth prematurely than in milk from mothers giving birth at term, over the first two weeks of lactationl But protein N was higher in preterm milk than term milk, whey protein nitrogen was lower. By comparing predicted nitrogen intakes to estimated requirements of preterm infants fed 150 to 200ml/kg/day of their own mother's milk, we predict that the quantities of protein provided would be adequate to meet the requirements of the prematured infants during the early weeks of life.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.5-12
• /
• 1998

This study was designed to examine how dietary protein levels affect organ growth and protein metabolism in early and normally weaned rats. Early and normally weaned rats separated fro the dam on the 15th and 121st day postpartum, respectively. were fed diets containing three levels of protein : low(10%) , normal (20%),and high(40%) . On the 35th day, the weight and DNA, RNA and protein contents in brain , liver, and kidney were determined to ascertain organ and cellular growth. Furthermore, serum total protein , albumin , $\alpha$-amino N and creatine and urinary urea N, and creatinine were determined in order to ascertain protein metabolism and renal functions. Dietary protein levels were not observed to significantly affect total DNA content, which may represent an index of cell number in the liver, brain and kidney. Fresh weight and protein/DNA ratio, which may represent indices of cell size, significantly increased in proportion to dietary protein in the kidney. As for the early weaned rats , the liver cell size significantly decreased. Dietary protein levels and weaning periods did not affect serum total protein and albumin . However, serum urea-N significantly increased in proportion to dietary protein levels whereas serum $\alpha$-amino N was decreased by early weaning . Nitrogen retention was lower in early weaned rats fed low or high levels of protein than in normally weaned rats. The results demonstrate that low or high levels of dietary protein have less desirable effects on protein metabolism in prematurely weaned rats.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• v.17 no.5
• /
• pp.969-983
• /
• 2023

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: We investigated the association of plant and animal protein intake with grip strength in Koreans aged ≥ 50 yrs. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The data was collected from 3,610 men and 4,691 women (≥ 50 yrs) from the 2016-2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We calculated the total energy intake, and the intake of animal and plant protein and collected dietary data using 1-day 24-h dietary recalls. Low grip strength (LGS) was defined as the lowest quintile (men: up to 26.8 kg, women: up to 15.7 kg). The association of protein intake with grip strength was examined using Pearson's correlation and multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS: The results proved that participants with LGS had lower daily energy, protein and fat intake, and percent energy from protein than those with normal or high grip strength (P < 0.0001). Total energy intake, animal protein, and plant protein were positively associated with grip strength. A higher intake of total plant protein (P for trend = 0.004 for men, 0.05 for women) and legumes, nuts, and seeds (LNS) protein (P for trend = 0.01 for men, 0.02 for women) was significantly associated with a lower prevalence of LGS. However, non-LNS plant protein intake was not associated with LGS (P for trend = 0.10 for men, 0.15 for women). In women, a higher total animal protein intake was significantly associated with decreased LGS (P for trend = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Higher total plant protein and LNS protein intake are negatively associated with LGS.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
• /
• v.44 no.2
• /
• pp.67-73
• /
• 2017

The purpose of our study was to determine the effects of varying levels of energy, protein, and amino acids on the performances of laying hens. A total of 240 Hy-Line Brown laying hens at 36 weeks of age were used in this 4-week feeding trial. The hens were randomly allocated to five treatment diets, with eight replications of six hens in each replicate cage. The treatment diets were as follows: A- basal diet + 18% crude protein, metabolizable energy 2,800 kcal, total (methionine + cysteine) 0.65%; B- basal diet + 17% crude protein, metabolizable energy 2,700 kcal, total (methionine + cysteine) 0.59%; C- basal diet + 16.5% crude protein, metabolizable energy 2,700 kcal, total (methionine + cysteine) 0.59%; D- basal diet + 16.5% crude protein, metabolizable energy 2,700 kcal, total (methionine + cysteine) 0.54%; and E- basal diet + 16% crude protein, metabolizable energy 2,680 kcal, total (methionine + cysteine) 0.54%. The study results revealed that the hen-day egg production of hens that were fed with low-energy diets (B, C, and D) was comparable with that of hens fed with high-energy diet A, whereas average daily feed intake in hens fed treatment diet D and E was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that in hens fed treatment diet A. Overall, the eggshell thickness was unaffected by any of the treatment diets. Egg weight was comparable among the treatment diets, except for treatment diet E. Haugh unit improved with decreasing levels of dietary energy, protein, and methionine + cysteine in the diet. We can summarize that laying hens fed with low dietary energy and low crude protein treatment diets B, C, and D had satisfactory performance compared with those fed with high-energy treatment diet A. This indicates that there is the potential to reduce feed costs by formulating diets with lower energy and low protein levels.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.111-116
• /
• 2006

One of the cardinal findings of the renal diseases is proteinuria, which appears in the early phase of kidney diseases and is very important in diagnosis, prognosis and decision making in the treatment process and results of the treatment. The study subjects were 126 patients who visited the nephrology department of Kangbuk Samsung Hospital. Serum was requested for urine protein electrophoresis. Total protein was measured with Bayer Advia 1650 (Biuret). Quantitation of each fraction was done by multiplying the percentage of each fraction by the total protein. Serum creatinine and BUN were also measured with Bayer Advia 1650 (Jaffe and Urease). Serum protein EP was done with REP(rapid electrophoresis) using Helena Kit reagents (REP Ultra SPE Kit, Ponceau S stain, Acetic acid, Methanol, EP Control). Concentrated urine was used for urine protein EP. The SPSS package was used for statistics analysis. Percentage and quantitation of the level of albumin in renal diseases were significantly lower than those in healthy controls. Total protein was correlated with albumin. In terms of proportion, ${\alpha}1$-globulin, ${\alpha}2$-globulin, ${\beta}$-globulin, and ${\gamma}$-globulin fractions were increased in the disease group. But, in the quantified level, ${\alpha}2$-globulin was increased and ${\beta}$-globulin and ${\gamma}$-globulin were decreased. ESRD patients showed an increased secretion of high molecular proteins in urine protein EP. A decreased level in serum total protein correlated with the decreased level of serum albumin and the total amount of urine total protein. This study revealed the variety in the level of serum and urine proteins and their subgroups by EP.