• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제23권7호
• /
• pp.492-503
• /
• 1990

This study was performed to investigate nutritional effect of various dietary fibers on lead absorption, and protein and lipid metabolisms in growing rats. Sixty male rats of Sprague-Dawley strain weighing 140$\pm$1.1g were blocked into 10 groups according to body weight and fed 10 kinds of diet different with fiber sources [non-fiber, cellulose, pectin, guar gum or carboxymethylcellulose(CMC)] and lead levels (0 or 1%) for 4 weeks. Results were summerized as follows : 1) Food intake, weight gain, FER and PER were remarkably decreased in lead(Pb)-added groups. Weight gain, FER and PER in Pb-added pectin group were significantly lower than those in Pb-added non-fiber group. 2) Liver and kidney weights, femur weight and length, hematocrit and hemoglobin content were decreased in Pb-added groups. Especially femur and liver weights in pectin groups were the lowest among groups. 3) Total protein content in serum was significantly decreased in Pb-added groups but was not different with dietary fiber sources. Total lipid content in serum was not different with dietary Pb levels and fiber sources, but cholesterol content in serum of guar gum group was significantly decreased by Pb addition. 4) Nitrogen, lipid and cholesteol contents in liver were significantly decreased in Pb-added groups, and lipid content in liver of pectin and CMC groups was lower than other groups. 5) Daily urinary and fecal excretions of nitrogen, kipid and cholesterol were decreased in Pb-added groups, and fecal nitrogen was significantly increased in Pb-added groups, and fecal nitrogen of cellulose and guar gum groups was significantly higher than other groups. Fecal excretions of lipid and cholesterol were increased by dietary fibers, and especially fecal lipid was remarkably increased in pectin and guar hum group. 6) Pb contents in liver and femur were decreased by dietary fibers. Especially Pb contents in liver, kidney and femur were significantly decreased in guar gum group. 7) Daily urinary and fecal excretions of Pb were significantly increased in cellulose and guar gum groups, and fecla excretion of Pb in guar gum group was twice of non-fiber group. Pb absorption ratio was significantly decreased in guar gum group. In conclusion, dietary fibers have effect on protein and lipid metabolisms, and decreased intestinal absorption of Pb by increasing fecal excretion. But the degree of effect was different with dietary fiber sources.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.5-14
• /
• 1995

The present study was performed to investigate the effect of cereal fiber on lipid concentration of liver and serum in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 180$\pm$4g were divided into five groups by completely randomized block design : R, BR, B, W, and F. Each group fed a diet containing 0.7% cholesterol and a kind of cereal among rice(R), brown rice(BR), barley(B), whole wheat(W), and wheat flour(F) for 5 weeks. The results were summarized as follow : 1) Food intake. weight gain and feed efficiency ratio were not significantly different among the groups. 2) Fecal wet weight and dry weight were significantly higher in W group which fed the most amount of IDF(insoluble dietary fiber). 3) The weight of large intestine was significantly heavier in the W group compared to the others. But the weights of liver, stomach and small intestine were not significantly different among the groups. 4) Total lipid. triglyceride(TG) and total cholesterol(TC) content in liver were significantly different among the groups. The values were the lowest in the B group whose intake of SDF(soluble dietary fiber) was the highest 5) TC content in serum was not significantly different among the groups. TG content in serum was significantly lower in the rest groups than in the R group. HDL-c and free-c content in serum were significantly higher in the B group than in the rest groups. HDL-c/LDL-c, free-c/ester-c ratio were the highest in the B group but not significant. Above results show that the dietary fiber contained in cereals has physiological effects and they are different depending on fractions, IDF and SDF.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제44권6호
• /
• pp.791-799
• /
• 2015

본 연구에서는 고지방 고콜레스테롤 식이 흰쥐에서 찔레꽃과 찔레꽃 복합물이 혈청 및 간 조직의 지질대사에 미치는 영향을 관찰하였다. 실험군을 4군으로 나누어 정상 식이군(N군), 고지방 고콜레스테롤 식이군(HF군), 고지방 고콜레스테롤 식이에 찔레꽃을 5% 첨가한 군(HR군), 고지방 고콜레스테롤 식이에 찔레꽃 복합물을 첨가한 군(HRC군)으로 나누었다. 찔레꽃 복합물은 찔레꽃, 뱀딸기풀, 곰보배추, 조릿대로 구성되어 있다. 체중증가량과 식이효율은 HF군이 N군에 비해 유의적으로 증가하였고 HR군과 HRC군이 HF군에 비해 감소하였다. 혈청 중성지질은 HF군이 N군에 비해 유의적으로 증가하였고 HRC군은 유의적으로 크게 감소하였다. 혈청 HDL-cholesterol은 HR군과 HRC군이 HF군에 비해 증가하였다. 혈청 총콜레스테롤과 LDL-cholesterol은 HF군이 N군에 비해 유의적으로 증가하였고, 특히 동맥경화지수에서 HRC군은 HF군에 비해 유의적으로 감소하였다. 간 중성지질과 총콜레스테롤은 HF군이 N군에 비해 유의적으로 증가하였고 HR군과 HRC군은 HF군에 비해 유의적으로 감소하였다. 대변 중성지질과 총콜레스테롤은 HR군과 HRC군이 HF군에 비해 유의적으로 증가하였다. UDP-glucuronyl transferase 활성은 HR군과 HRC군이 HF군에 비해 증가하였다. Total bile acid는 HR군과 HRC군이 HF군에 비해 증가하였고, 특히 HRC군은 HF군에 비해 유의적으로 증가하였다. 이러한 결과 찔레꽃과 찔레꽃 복합물은 UDP-glucuronyl transferase 활성, total bile acid 및 지질 대사 조절에 효과적으로 활용될 수 있다고 사료된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제19권8호
• /
• pp.1190-1196
• /
• 2006

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of Korean, Japanese and Chinese green tea on laying performance and egg quality in hens. A total of 168 "Tetran Brown" hens aged 40 weeks were assigned to 7 treatments in a completely randomized design. Each treatment had 4 replicates accommodating 6 layers per replication. The seven dietary treatments were: 1) control diet with no green tea added, 2) diet containing 1.0% Korean green tea (1.0% KGT), 3) diet containing 2.0% Korean green tea (2.0% KGT), 4) diet containing 1.0% Japanese green tea (1.0% JGT), 5) diet containing 2.0% Japanese green tea (2.0% JGT), 6) diet containing 1.0% Chinese green tea (1.0% CGT), and 7) diet containing 2.0% Chinese green tea (2.0% CGT). Egg production rate of the layers fed diets containing 1.0 or 2.0% green tea powders were significantly increased compared to that of the control (p<0.05). The egg weight of layers was significantly reduced in layers fed 1.0% CGT (p<0.05). The feed intake was significantly decreased in KGT and CGT groups at 2.0% inclusion levels (p<0.05). The egg shell thickness and shape index of JGT treatment was significantly lower than that of the control (p<0.05). There were no significant differences in albumen index, yolk index and Haugh unit of eggs for layers fed diets containing green tea powders regardless of origin (p>0.05). Green tea feeding to layers tended to reduce the overall cholesterol content of egg yolk. Particularly, 1.0 or 2.0% CGT significantly depressed the total cholesterol content of egg yolk (p<0.05). In conclusion, incorporation of 1.0 or 2.0% Korean, Japanese and Chinese green tea into layer diets regardless of origin had favorable effects on laying performance and egg quality profiles. Among the three green tea sources, the Chinese green tea powder had the highest reducing effect on cholesterol content in egg yolk.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.8-12
• /
• 1999

알코올에 중독된 실험동물에 홍삼 산성다당류(AcPS)를 4주간 투여하며 성장지표를 비교해 본 결과, 알코을 중독시에 나타나는 영양 및 대사의 파괴를 막아주거나 경감시켜 지방간 및 간장비대 상태를 크게 호전시켰다. 혈중 지질대사 요소인 혈중 총콜레스테롤, HDL-cholesterol 및 중성지질의 농도는 정상치에 가깝게 낮추어 고지혈증상을 유의적으로 개선시킴을 확인할 수 있었으며, 혈중농도와 마찬가지로 간장조직중 농도에 미치는 영향도 신뢰성있는 개선 효과를 인정할 수 있었으며, 이러한 효과는 AcPS의 투여기간($1\~4$주)에 비례하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.243-250
• /
• 2004

The effect of hemicellulose extracted from Shiitake mushroom(Lentinus edodes) on the level of blood sugar and cholesterol in the diabetes-induced rat by streptozotocin(STZ) was investigated. The yield of hemicellulose by extraction process of 5% salt extraction, preparation of alcohol insoluble substance, IN KOH extraction, acid precipitation(pH 3.0), and dialysis was 9.24%. The experimental plots divided to 1% cellulose group(control), 0.5% hemicellulose group(H-l) and 1% hemicellulose group(H-2). The groups were fed for 6 weeks, then continuously fed for 1 week after induction of diabetes by STZ. Feed intakes, weight gain and feed efficiency of the each groups were not significantly different, while water intakes and liver weight of H-2 group were lower than those of control and H-l group. Weight of liver in the H-2 group was significantly lower than those of control and H-l groups. The amounts of feces were 0.32 g/day in the control group, 0.43∼0.44 g/day in the H-l and H-2 groups, while the amounts of urine were 15.28 mL/day in the control group, 10.83∼11.20 mL/day in the H-l and H-2 groups. The content of blood glucose before diabetes induction(fed for 3∼5 weeks) was 111.2-132.6 mg/dL in the control group, not significantly different from others; After diabetes induction, however, the contents were 212.8 mg/dL in the control group, 140.0-144.0 mg/dL in the H-l and H-2 groups, which showed significant difference. Urine glucose contents of H-2 group before and after diabetes induction were lower than those of control and H-l groups. There was no significant difference in the content of neutral lipid between each groups. Total cholesterol contents were 101.6 mg/dL in the control group, 56.∼64.0 mg/dL in the hemicellulose groups. HDL-cholesterol content and atherogenic index of hemicellulose groups were lower than those of control group, respectively. In conclusion, the hemicellulose extracted from Shiitake mushroom represented improving and preventing effects for diabetes.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제14권10호
• /
• pp.1465-1469
• /
• 2001

A sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed to determine the content of cholesterol in milk and dairy products. To optimize separation of cholesterol, mobile phases including acetonitrile:2-propanol (8:1, v/v), acetonitrile:methanol (3:1, v/v), and acetonitrile:methanoI:2-propanol (7:3: I, v/v/v) were compared. Acetonitrile/methanol/2-propanol was superior to the other mobile phase systems for separating cholesterol. Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) of cholesterol was simplified using a non-polar solvent, hexane, to remove interfering compounds, and had an excellent recovery $(100{\pm}1.0%)$ of cholesterol. A solid phase extraction (SPE) method using Sep-pak $C_{18}$ was developed and compared with LLE. The SPE method was rapid and highly reproducible. Both extraction methods were useful when used in combination with saponification of esterified cholesterol to facilitate total cholesterol determination. The detection limit of cholesterol was $0.01{\mu}g$. The newly developed HPLC method was rapid, simple, and accurate, and has advantages over the many methods commonly used.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of enzyme-treated radish (Raphanus sativus L.) leaves on lipid metabolism in rats fed a high fat diet. Rats were divided into four experimental groups which were composed of a high fat diet group (HF group), a high fat diet with 10% radish leaf powder-supplemented group (MA group), a high fat diet with 5% enzyme-treated radish leaf powder-supplemented group (MB group) and a high fat diet with 10% enzyme-treated radish leaf powder-supplemented group (MC group). Total dietary fiber content of enzyme-treated radish leaves were greater than untreated radish leaves. Body weight gain and food efficiency ratio (FER) of the HF group increased compared to the MA, MB and MC groups. The serum total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and atherogenic index contents in the radish leaf powder-supplemented groups were lower than that of the HF group, while those values for the MB and MC groups were significantly lower than that of the HF group. The serum HDL-cholesterol contents of the MB and MC groups increased compared to the HF group. The hepatic triglyceride contents of the MA, MB and MC groups decreased compared to the HF group. In fact, the hepatic triglyceride contents of the MB and MC groups were significantly lower than the MA group. The hepatic total cholesterol contents of the MB and MC groups significantly decreased compared to those of the HF group. The fecal total cholesterol contents of the MA, MB and MC groups significantly increased compared to those of the HF group. These results indicate that supplementation with enzyme-treated radish leaves increase the useful fiber contents. Furthermore, it may have a pronounced impact on lipid metabolism of serum and liver in rats fed a high fat diet.

• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제36권1호
• /
• pp.23-28
• /
• 2016

This study investigates the effect of cooking, storage, and reheating conditions on the formation of cholesterol oxidation products (COPs) in pork loin. Samples of pork loin procured 24 h postmortem were initially processed and assessed for total fat and cholesterol content. The cooking methods evaluated were pan roasting, steaming, oven grilling, and microwaving. Cooked pork loin samples were stored at 4℃ and reheated after 3 and 6 d of storage using the original method of preparation or alternately, microwaving. Fat content increased significantly with cooking as a result of the loss in moisture but cholesterol content remained unchanged. Pan roasting and microwave cooking caused a significantly higher production of COPs, as with the process of reheating using microwave, pan roasting, and oven grilling methods. The major COPs found in pork loin were cholestanetriol, 20-hydroxycholesterol, and 25-hydroxycholesterol, whose concentrations varied according to the different cooking and reheating methods used. Moreover, the aerobic storage of cooked pork loin under a refrigerated condition also increased the formation of cholesterol oxides on reheating.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.180-186
• /
• 1990

For the investigation of the effects of G. lucidum on prevention and attention of hypercholeste-rolemia and atherosclerosis dietary hypercholesterolemic rats were fed with 2.0g% G. lucidum extracts for 4 weeks. And then concentrations of total cholesterol triglyceride phospholipid in serum and liver and those of HDL-cholesterol lipid peroxide glucose in serum were analyzed. Concentration of total cholesterol in serum was the lowest in the control group(basal diet+ wa-ter) and HDL-cholesterol in serum were significantly higher in groups of control 2(hyperchole-sterolemic ratslongrightarrowbasal+water) and 4(hypercholesterolemic ratslongrightarrowbasal+G.l. extract) The concentration of triglyceride in serum were signficantly lower in groups 4 and 5(hypercholeste-rolemic ratslongrightarrowcholesterol+G. l. extract) than in the control group. Phospholipid content in serum were not significantly different among all groups. Ttal cholesterol in liver was significa-ntly higher in hypercholesterolemic rats than in the control group and triglyceride concentration were signficantly higher in groups of 3(hypercholesterolemic ratslongrightarrowcholesterol+water) and 5 than others. Phospholipid in liver was significantly higher in group 3 than in the control group but groups of 4 and 5 were lower. As for lipid peroxide in serum was the lowest in group 4 and glucose concentration was lowest in group 5 than in other groups.