• Journal of architectural history
• /
• v.13 no.4 s.40
• /
• pp.89-105
• /
• 2004

This paper investigates morphological theory as an intellectual framework for research and design. The first part of the paper will review morphological studies in the fields of urban geography, urban planning and architecture, particularly in England from the 1940s to the 1980s. While urban geographers and planners were concerned primarily with town plans, building forms and land use, architectural theoreticians were more interested in the topological relationship between urban and architectural space. The underlying premises and principles of these two approaches will be reviewed. The second part of the paper will focus on typology in Europe and North America. The reinterpretation of typology by Italian architects helped to bridge the gap between individual elements of architecture and the overall form of the city. However, typological theory became less accessible in post-war England and the United States. After 1980, the debate on typology became muted by the onset of vague notions such as functionalism, bio-technical determinism, and contextualism. This paper will propose a redefinition of morphology as a heuristic device, in contrast with the dichotomic view of urban morphology and architectural typology. Morphology will be shown to combine the geometrical and topological; the intentional and accidental; the real and abstract; and a priori and a posteriori. The last part of the paper discusses the lack of comparative theories and methods surrounding the physical form of architecture and the city by Korea commentators. Empirically rooted facility planning, non-comparative historical studies, and iconographic criticism emerged as a central preoccupation of architectural culture between the 1960s and 1980s, a time when international debate on architecture and urbanism was most intense. This paper will give consideration to the built environment as a dynamic physical entity and space as an epiphenomenon of daily urban life, such that collaboration between urban designers, architects, and landscape architects is seen as both beneficial and necessary.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
• /
• v.21 no.7
• /
• pp.452-457
• /
• 2015

In this paper, we propose a spatial query processor, SQUERY, which can derive rich query results through spatial reasoning on the initial knowledge base, as well as, process both qualitative and quantitative queries about the topological and directional relationships between spatial objects. In order to derive richer query results, the query processor expands the knowledge base by applying forward spatial reasoning into the initial knowledge base in a preprocessing step. The proposed query processor uses not only qualitative spatial knowledge describing topological/directional relationship between spatial objects, but also utilizes quantitative spatial knowledge including geometric data of individual spatial objects through geometric computation. The results of an experiment with the OSM(Open Street Map) spatial knowledge base demonstrates the high performance of our spatial query processing system.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.283-297
• /
• 2008

The notion of IVF contra (${\alpha}$-)open ((${\alpha}$-)closed) mappings is introduced, and their characterizations are given. The relationship between IVF contra open (closed) mappings and IVF contra ${\alpha}$-open (${\alpha}$-closed) mappings are discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
• /
• v.34S no.2
• /
• pp.63-70
• /
• 1997

This paper proposes a new algorithm for recognizing polyhedral objects using a single 2-D image. It is base don a new representation scheme having two level hierarchey. In the lower level, geometrical features of each primitive surface are represented using their signatures and the variation of signature due to rotation is represented suing the rotation map. In the higher level, topological features are represented in the inter-surface description table(SDT). Based on the proposed representaton scheme, loer level database searched to find a matching primitive surface. The srotation map determines the degree of rotation as well as the matchness. If all surfaces in a test object find their matching primitive surfaces, its structural information is compared with the SDTs of object models. If primitive surfaces of a test object equal to tha tof certain model and satisfy inter-surfaces relationship in SDT, a test object is recognized as the model.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.170-176
• /
• 2008

The quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) of a set of 35 flavonoid compounds presenting antioxidant activity was established by means of Genetic Algorithm-Multiple Linear Regression (GA-MLR) technique. Four-parametric models for two sets of data, the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity $(R^2=0.788,\;Q^2_{cv}=0.699\;and\;Q^2_{ext}=0.577)$ and scavenging activity of reactive oxgen species (ROS) induced by $H_2O_2 (R^=0.829,\;Q^2_{cv}=0.754\;and\;Q^2_{ext}=0.573)$ were obtained with low external predictive ability on a mass basis, respectively. Each model gave some different mechanistic aspects of the flavonoid compounds tested in terms of the radical scavenging activity. Topological charge, H-bonding complex and deprotonation processes were likely to be involved in the radical scavenging activity.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.139-154
• /
• 1993

Cutter Interference(or part surface gouging) is one of the most critical problems in NC machining of sculptured surfaces. Presented in this paper is and algorithmic procedure that converts CC data obtained from a compound surface(several surfaces without topological relationship) into interference-free CL data. The interference handling procedure consists of following steps: (1) Z-map model is constructed from input surfaces. (2) Interference sources are detected using local properties of the sources. (3) Interference regions are completely identified based on global tests for neighboring CC points of the interference sources (4) Cutter paths are reconstructed after removing the CC data in interference regions, while avoiding any new interferences.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.29 no.10
• /
• pp.2009-2016
• /
• 2008

The relationship between thermal decomposition temperature and structure of a new data set of eighty monomers of different polymers were studied by multiple linear regression (MLR). The stepwise method was used in order to variable selection. The best descriptors were selected from over 1400 descriptors including; topological, geometrical, electronic and hybrid descriptors. The effect of number of descriptors on the correlation coefficient (R) and F-ratio were considered. Two models were suggested, one model having four descriptors ($R^2$ = 0.894, $Q^2_{cv}$ = 0.900, F = 172.1) and other model involving 13 descriptors ($R^2$ = 0.956, $Q^2_{cv}$ = 0.956, F = 125.4).

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
• /
• 2008.06a
• /
• pp.1037-1038
• /
• 2008

Since the characters are not clear always due to lighting conditions, sometimes only a part of the characters are detected and the boundary of the number plate is not completely shown. To solve this problem, this paper presents a new efficient algorithm for segmenting the number plate using the topological relationship among the characters in the number plate and its outer contour. The boundary of the number plate is estimated using the detected characters and detected by testing the connectivity of the vertical and horizontal edges. The superior performance of the proposed algorithm has been proved by the experiments.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
• /
• 2001.04a
• /
• pp.367-372
• /
• 2001

Feature restoration is that restore feature to 3D solid model using the feature information in STEP AP224. Feature is very important in CAPP, but feature information is defined very complicated in STEP AP224. This paper recommends the algorithm of extraction the feature information in physical STEP AP224file. This program import STEP AP224 file, parse the geometric and topological information, the tolerance data, and feature information line-by-line. After importation and parsing, store data into database. Feature restoration module analyze database including feature information, extract feature information, e.g. feature type, feature's parameter, etc., analyze the relationship and then restore feature to 3D solid model.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
• /
• 1997.04a
• /
• pp.400-404
• /
• 1997

This paper presents spatial relationshaps and engineering features for the feature based modeling of Sheet Metal Weld Assemblies (SMWA) that are made of sheet metal components through are welding processes. Spatial relationships in ProMod-S, a sheet metal product modeler,are further extended for the SMWA modeling. Some spatial relationships for special weld joint types are newly introduced. The geometrical and topological relations between spatial reationship, mating features, and assembly features are defined. Finally, assembly data stucturess for the product modeling of SMWA are proposed. They are an engineering relation to represent the constraints between component features, and a mating bond to integrate component design information.