• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.173-179
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to provide the basic data for the development of oral health education program and to make schoolchildren practice the right oral health care behaviors. Methods : Data were collected from 259 elementary school students including 134 boys and 125 girls in Busan from November 26 to December 20, 2012. The groups were tooth brushing group and dental clinic group. All statistical analyses were analyzed by frequency analysis and chi-square test using SPSS 18.0 program. Results : School dental clinic group showed higher awareness level of fluoride and sealant effect of prevention(p=0.000). Toothbrushing facility group showed higher awareness level of brushing tooth(p=0.011). School dental clinic group showed higher awareness level of fluoride toothpaste(p=0.000). Both school dental clinic group and toothbrushing facility group showed higher awareness level of oral health education(p=0.001). School dental clinic group showed higher awareness level for tooth brushing method after education(p=0.000). Both school dental clinic group and toothbrushing facility group showed higher level of education. Conclusions : School dental clinic group showed higher level for oral health knowledge and toothbushing facility group showed high level for oral health behavior. Both School dental clinic group and toothbrushing facility group showed higher level of oral health education and tooth brushing method after education. Both school dental clinic group and toothbrushing facility group proved to promote oral health. Activation of school toothbrushing facility is very important to change the oral health workforce.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.489-495
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• 2011

The present study was designed to grasp the oral health behavior practice levels and PHP index and gingival index of orthodontic patients' orthodontic related characteristics. A survey and oral examination were conducted for 206 orthodontic patients with fixed appliances. The collected data were analyzed with a t-test, one way ANOVA and stepwise multiple regression. Women were higher than men of the toothbrushing parts(p<0.05), toothbrushing frequency(p=0.001) and use of more oral hygiene products(p<0.01). As for the use of more oral hygiene products practice, it has higher when experience of more education(p<0.05), toothbrushing method practice difference when it comes to age(p<0.05). As for toothbrushing times, difference was purpose of orthodontics(p<0.05) and period of orthodontics(p<0.05) and orthodontics equipment(p<0.05). As for orthodontic equipment, conventional-ligating bracket high score compared to the self-ligating bracket with Buccal PHP index(p<0.001) and gingival index(p<0.05). The factors with lowest possible Buccal PHP index; when age is greater(p<0.05), toothbrushing method practice is higher(p<0.001) and when patients have self-ligating bracket(p<0.001). Education for the orthodontic patients on the oral health behavior practice should be carried out structurally to the group of patients who are 17 years old or younger, to the group with conventional-ligating bracket and to the men. Moreover, it is critical to ensure that there won't be oral health problem during on orthodontic period.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.831-842
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• 2018

Objectives: This study was conducted to reveal the biological basis of dental plaque and preschool children's dental health status through repetitive and continuous toothbrushing instruction to preschool children, using quantitative criteria, and to emphasize the importance of the role of an oral health manager for the prevention of dental caries. Methods: After IRB approval, toothbrushing instruction and oral microbial specimen collection were conducted with children of preschool age at the Daycare Center attached to D. University, Busan. Specimens from 27 children were characterized by analysis with real-time multi-chain enzymatic polymerization reaction technique at an agency specializing in genetic analysis. Results: In a survey of the children's dental health behaviors, 48.1% responded that the toothbrushing time is 91 to 150 seconds; 66.7% responded that the frequency of toothbrushing is more than three times per day; 81.5% stated that they performed tongue brushing; and 81.5% brushed their teeth. Regarding levels of dental cariogenic bacteria, after children received continuous toothbrushing instruction, there were reductions in both Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus. Regarding toothbrushing time, the time increased in relation to the presence of instruction. Regarding Quigley Hein Index, the index decreased in the early and middle periods upon addition of instruction, then increased in the middle and later periods. Conclusions: Through persistent and repetitive toothbrushing instruction, healthy behavior can be positively established in children of preschool age; it is necessary to prepare institutional measures so opportunities for dental health education can be consistently provided and maintained. In the future, it will be necessary to conduct a follow-up study to verify the factors affecting toothbrushing time and volume of oral pathogens.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.13-27
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this survey research was to investigate the relationship among oral health State, behavior and knowledge of oral health of patients who participate in dental hygiene students voluntarily. Methods : The subject in this were patients who got a scaling at the oral hygiene practice lab in the department of dental hygiene in S university dental clinic from April 1 to May 31, 2010. For the data analysis, an SPSS WIN 11.5 program was used and its signification level was 0.05. Results : 1. For the oral health state according to sex distinction, it showed the men's 0.78 MT index was higher than women's 0.48 MT index and statistically significant difference. For FT index, women(4.72) was higher than men(3.50) and it showed statistically significant difference(p<0.05). 2. For the oral health state according to age distinction, DT index of under 20years(2.44) was higher than the others and it showed statistically significant difference(p<0.05). 3. For the oral health state according to marriage distinction, not married DT index(1.59) was higher than married DT index(2.56) and it showed statistically significant difference(p<0.05). 4. For the oral health behavior according to age distinction, 87.0% 20~29years patients replied as I have experience of my teeth scaled and it showed statistically significant difference. 18.5% more than 30 years replied as I use interdental brush and it showed statistically significant difference. 18.5% more than 30 years replied as I use powered brush and it showed statistically significant difference(p<0.05). 5. For the oral health state according to oral health behavior distinction, there were significant difference that regular visit of dental clinic, experience of teeth scaled, toothbrushing, oral hygiene device(p<0.05). 6. For the oral health state according to oral health knowledge distinction, there were significant difference that toothbrushing time after each meal, appropriate toothbrushing time, toothbrushing method, dental caries foods(p<0.05). Conclusions : I suggest with the result of the study that there was a very close relationship between oral health status, behavior and knowledge of oral health. Therefore student of the dental hygiene should be encouraged to pay more attention to oral health care of the patient, and they should be well educated oral health care personnels who volunteers in practice for oral prophylaxis.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.615-627
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• 2011

Objectives : The study has three aims: 1) to assess the perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors of dental hygiene students and other college students towards oral and dental care, 2) to provide grounds for developing an oral and dental health educational program, and 3) to improve the oral and dental health status among the college student population. Methods : The subjects in this study were 520 students who included dental hygiene students from J health college and other majors from a four-year university located in Seoul. The survey was conducted from September, 2010, to June 3, 2011. The collected 507 questionnaires were analyzed. The collected data were analyzed by the statistical package SPSS WIN 12.0, and the level of significance was set at 0.05. Results : 1. As for a daily toothbrushing frequency, the largest number of the students brushed their teeth three times a day, and the dental hygiene students did that more often than the other majors(p<0.001). Concerning awareness of the toothbrushing method and the time for the change of the toothbrush, the rolling method was more prevailing among the dental hygiene students than the others(p<0.001). 2. In regard to education experience about the toothbrushing method and satisfaction with the existing toothbrushing method, 64.7% of respondents ever received education about the toothbrushing method(p<0.001). 3. As to scaling experience and gingival bleeding, the dental hygiene students had more scaling experiences(p<0.001), and the other majors who underwent gingival bleeding from time to time outnumbered the dental hygiene students who did(p<0.01). 4. In relation to subjective oral health status, the dental hygiene students found themselves to be in better oral health than the other majors(p<0.001), and the latter had more parts of the mouth in which they didn't feel well than the former(p<0.01). The dental hygiene students were more concerned about their oral health(p<0.001) and felt more uncomfortable in chewing(p<0.05). The other majors felt more uncomfortable in pronunciation(p<0.01). Conclusions : The results of this study indicated that dental hygiene students strongly recognized the importance of knowledge, motivation, and self-care behaviors, and attitudes towards oral health and dental care compared to other college students. It suggested that regular educational programs for the college student population should be implemented to increase their concern for oral and dental issues and to improve their oral and dental health status.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.315-322
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• 2017

The aim of this study was to explore the association between daily toothbrushing frequency and health risk behaviors of school-going adolescents in poor urban areas of Peru. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 959 school-going adolescents 11~19 years of age in poor urban areas of Peru in 2014. Health risk behaviors we assessed in the study were smoking; drinking; consuming sugar-sweetened soft drinks (more than one cup); leisure time activities including watching television, playing games, and using the Internet; and never or rarely handwashing with soap. Daily toothbrushing frequency was divided into two groups (once and twice daily). For statistical analyses, the chi-square test and hierarchical logistic regression were used at 5% level of significance. Of the total respondents, 63 (14.3%) were boys and 53 (10.3%) were girls and 116 (12.1%) engaged in toothbrushing (${\leq}1$ times daily). According to the adjusted logistic regression analysis for socio-demographic characteristics, two behaviors (leisure time use activities, including watching television, playing games, and using the Internet (odds ratio [OR], 2.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20~4.35), and never or rarely hand washing with soap (OR, 4.09; CI, 2.48~6.75) were statistically associated with toothbrushing frequency (${\leq}1$ times daily). We found two health risk behaviors (leisure time activities, including watching television, playing games, and using the Internet, and never or rarely handwashing with soap) associated with toothbrushing frequency among adolescents in the study area. Thus, oral health promotion programs should consider these health risk behaviors associated with toothbrushing frequency.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.205-217
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to provide information on the development of an oral-health promotion program geared toward office workers. The subjects in this study were 240 employees at the headquarters of S construction company. After a survey was conducted in July and August 2008, the answer sheets from 208 respondents were gathered, and 191 answer sheets were analyzed except 17 unanalyzable ones. The findings of the study were as follows: 1. In regard to subjective oral health status, the largest number of the participants that accounted for 37.2% found their mouth to be neither healthy nor unhealthy. The greatest number of them that represented 58.1% had never visited a dentist's office to receive preventive treatment. 2. Regarding relationship between toothbrushing education experience and toothbrushing frequency, the most common toothbrushing frequency was three times a day( 46.5%) among the company employees who had ever received that education. In the event of the office workers without that experience, the most prevalent frequency was three times(63.6%). The toothbrushing frequency was statistically significantly different according to the toothbrushing education experience(p<0.05). As to the relationship of toothbrushing education experience to tooth- brushing method, the largest number(48.2%) of those who had ever received that education brushed their upper and lower teeth along with the gums by rotating the toothbrush downward from the top and upward from the bottom respectively. In the event of the office workers without that experience, 49.4 percent brushed their teeth and gums by rotating the toothbrush up and down. Thus, whether they had ever received education about toothbrushing made a statistically significant difference to their toothbrushing method(p<0.05). 3. As a result of evaluating their oral health belief by utilizing a five-point scale, they got a mean of 2.95. In each area of oral health belief, they got the best marks in benefit(3.66), salience(3.42), barrier(2.84), susceptility(2.58) and seriousness(2.23). Given the above-mentioned finding of the study, two sorts of oral health beliefs, which are benefit and salience, should be stressed in the development of oral health education programs that cater to company employees. And sustained research efforts should be channeled into finding out the relationship between oral health and actual oral health care.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.105-112
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to focus on the number of brushing strokes among the performance factors and identify if the 10 times stroke of the rolling method is rational. Moreover, we evaluated the changes in oral health knowledge, perception, and behavior after our rolling method instruction. The 10-stroke method of toothbrushing has been regarded as an effective method of removal of dental plaque, although there is little evidence to support this claim. We allocated 40 healthy subjects to two intervention groups. During five visits, we measured a score for dental plaque removal and instructed the subjects on a toothbrushing technique with 5 or 10 strokes per section. At the initial and final visits, subjects completed a questionnaire on one designed specifically for this study about oral health knowledge, perceptions, and behaviors. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to compare the dental plaque removal score between the groups, and the changes in scores within each group over time. We also compared changes in mean scores in oral health knowledge, perceptions and behaviors before and after toothbrushing instruction. We found that the score for dental plaque removal increased with each additional toothbrushing instruction in both groups (p<0.001). However, we found no differences in the dental plaque removal scores between the 5-stroke and 10-stroke groups (p=0.399). The levels of oral health knowledge, perceptions and behaviors increased after the toothbrushing instructions in both groups. Our findings suggest that there is no advantage in emphasizing the 10-stroke method of toothbrushing in an oral health education program.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.305-311
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of providing toothbrushing by professionals as part of oral hygiene education for the elderly. We randomly visited 12 centers in the metropolitan city and analyzed the data of 114 participants among 310 early registrants aged >65 years, who participated in the study at all 3 time points. The subjects were categorized into an experimental group (odd-numbered visits) and a control group (even-numbered visits). Oral hygiene practices were provided for both experimental and control groups, but professional toothbrushing was performed in a different manner in the experimental group. Differences in plaque index (PI) according to the subjects' general characteristics and oral health status were assessed using the t-test, and the effect of PI difference between the experimental and control groups was assessed by repeated measure two-way analysis of variance. A stepwise multiple regression analysis was used to analyze factors affecting the PI. At baseline, the mean overall PI was 61.82. In both experimental and control groups, the PI significantly reduced from the baseline (p<0.01). At 5 weeks, the experimental group showed a decrease of 27.16 points from the baseline, and the 10-week PI was similar to the 5-week PI. The control group showed a decrease of 14.87 points from the baseline, and the PI increased by 5.74 points at 10 weeks. PI-related factors were gender and self-xerostomia. The PI was lower in the female group and the group with self- xerostomia (p<0.01). It is important to select an appropriate method to educate elderly subjects on proper removal of dental plaque and to habituate correct behavior, which requires inclusion of a direct toothbrushing intervention by a specialist.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.261-269
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• 2013

Objectives : This research examined the Patient Hygiene Performance(PHP) index according to smoking and tooth brushing behavior, in order to analyze how they influence the oral hygiene. Methods : This research used PHP index and the structured questionnaire. The subjects were 203 men in their 20's who visited K university's dental hygiene department for oral prophylaxis from March to July of 2012. For data analysis SPSS WIN 12.0 was used. Results : 1. The average PHP index of all experimented subjects was 2.66, a very poor level. The PHP index according to general characteristics, smoking, drinking, and exercise showed statistical significance(p<0.05). 2. PHP index decreased with more frequencies and longer durations of toothbrushing(p<0.05). 3. The PHP index of smokers is higher than that of non-smokers. In the case of non-smokers, the frequency, method, and duration of tooth brushing had a statistical significance(p<0.05). 4. The PHP index of smokers who smoke less than or equal to ten cigarettes is 2.53 and smokers who smoked more than 10 cigarettes is 3.10. 5. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that smoking increased the PHP index, while the increase in tooth brushing frequency and the up and down tooth brushing method decreased the PHP index. All the coefficients were statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusions : In order to increase Patient Hygiene Performance(PHP) index. there must be a decrease in smoking rate while people increase their tooth brushing frequency and use a proper tooth brushing method.