• 대한한의학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.113-118
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• 2000

Objectives : Stroke patients have continuously increased and many studies have been performed to predict their prognosis. Tongue Inspection is a diagnostic method that has been widely used in oriental medicine. The aim of this study was to examine if stroke patients' motor recovery might be related to tongue inspection. Methods : MBI(Modified Barthel Index) and tongue inspection of stroke patients within 3 days of onset were assessed on admission and at 10 days following admission. Results : Functional recovery was significantly better in those who showed favorable changes of tongue, especially in tongue coat color(P=0.030) and thick and thin tongue coat(P=0.092). Conclusions : The results suggest that tongue inspection can be used to predict a prognosis of early stage stroke patients.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제56권11호
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• pp.2051-2057
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• 2007

In Oriental medicine, the status of a tongue is the important indicator to diagnose one's health like physiological and clinicopathological changes of inner parts of the body. The method of tongue diagnosis is not only convenient but also non-invasive and widely used in Oriental medicine. However, tongue diagnosis is affected by examination circumstances a lot like a light source, patient's posture and doctor's condition. To develop an automatic tongue diagnosis system for an objective and standardized diagnosis, segmenting a tongue is inevitable but difficult since the colors of a tongue, lips and skin in a mouth are similar. The proposed method includes preprocessing, graph-based over-segmentation, detecting positions with a local minimum over shading, detecting edge with color difference and estimating edge geometry from the probable structure of a tongue, where preprocessing performs down-sampling to reduce computation time, histogram equalization and edge enhancement. A tongue was segmented from a face image with a tongue from a digital tongue diagnosis system by the proposed method. According to three oriental medical doctors' evaluation, it produced the segmented region to include effective information and exclude a non-tongue region. It can be used to make an objective and standardized diagnosis.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.142-153
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• 2008

Objective : Etiologically, stress is a important factor to immune system and skin disease. Human body is controled to keep his homeostasis from stress by autonomic nerve system. So we investigated autonomic nerve balance and stress level of patients with skin disease by heart rate variability(HRV) test. Research Methods and Procedures : Fifty two patient(from 15 years old to 35 years old) who visited Dept. of Oriental medical Dermatology, Kyunghee university at first and had an examination by HRV test, were selected as the subject of our study. We checked items of HRV test(such as SDNN, RMSSD, VLF, LF, HF, TP, norm-LF, norm-HF, LF/HF ratio, LnHF and LnHF), and analyzed time and frequency domain by sex, age, onset, color on end of patient's tongue, sweating and sleep condition. Results and Conclusion : Men showed significant higher SDNN, RMSSD, LF, norm-LF, norm-HF, LF/HF ratio, LnLF and LnHF than women(p <0.05). Patients who were attacked by skin disease within 6 months, showed significant higher TP and VLF than over 6 months(p <0.05). Patients with normal color on the end of their tongue showed significant higher TP and VLF than with flare color. We analyzed correlation to color on the end of tongue and RMSSD. Prevalence risk(RMSSD <20ms) in the case of normal color on the end of tongue was 5 times as high as in the case of flare color(p <0.1). And we analyzed correlation to age and LF/HF ratio. Prevalence risk(LF/HF ratio <1) of patients from 15 years old to 25 years old was 1.467 times as high as from 26 years old to 35 years old(p <0.1).

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.1437-1442
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• 2005

Tongue Diagnosis is the important traditional oriental medical diagnosis method that observes not only the general physiological state but also some kinds of disease. However, manual tongue diagnosis is much influenced by surrounding illumination. Therefore, Digital Tongue Inspection System(DigiTis) is needed for the quantification of objective tongue information, In this research, Tongue images of 98 malignant Neoplasm patients and 34 normal persons were collected by Digital Tongue Inspection System. Statistical analysis of tongue images and patient data indicates that cancer group has more blue-purple components in tongue body(舌質) and yellow components in tongue coating than normal group. Also, there are a lot of rose-pink components in the cancer group of second stage and blue-purple components in the cancer group of third or fourth stage. Our study shows that tongue image is a useful index for distinction between disease and health. Furthermore we need more extended research through the additional sampling and various disease.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.213-218
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 퍼지 규칙을 이용한 설진 진단 시스템을 개발하였다. 건강한 사람의 혀가 붉은 색이고 설태가 적다. 그러나 질병에 걸리면, 혀 색깔은 붉은색에서 흰색이나 파란색 혹은 검정색으로 변하게 된다. 그러므로 혀의 색깔 및 설태를 분석하면 환자의 건강상태를 분석할 수 있다. 의료 진단 시스템은 자동으로 자신을 환자의 질병의 증상을 표시할 수 있으며 환자의 신체적 조건, 질병 조건, 연령 조건에 기초하여 최적의 침술 시간을 계산을 산출할 수 있다. 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션 결과, 개발된 의료 진단 시스템을 사용하여 관리 전자 침술보다 기존의 방법보다 더 효과적인 것으로 입증되었다.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.313-322
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• 2020

많은 양의 데이터는 딥 러닝 모델의 견고성을 향상시키고 과적합 문제를 방지할 수 있게 해준다. 자동 혀 분할에서, 혀 영상 데이터 세트를 실제로 수집하고 라벨링하는 데에는 많은 어려움이 수반되므로 많은 양의 혀 영상 데이터를 사용하기 쉽지 않다. 데이터 증강은 새로운 데이터를 수집하지 않고 레이블 보존 변환을 사용하여 학습 데이터 세트를 확장하고 학습 데이터의 다양성을 증가시킬 수 있다. 이 논문에서는 이미지 자르기, 회전, 뒤집기, 색상 변환과 같은 7 가지 데이터 증강 방법을 사용하여 확장된 혀 영상 학습 데이터 세트를 생성하였다. 데이터 증강 방법의 성능을 확인하기 위하여 InceptionV3, EfficientNet, ResNet, DenseNet 등과 같은 전이 학습 모델을 사용하였다. 실험 결과 데이터 증강 방법을 적용함으로써 혀 분할의 정확도를 5~20% 향상시켰으며 기하학적 변환이 색상 변환보다 더 많은 성능 향상을 가져올 수 있음을 보여주었다. 또한 기하학적 변환 및 색상 변환을 임의로 선형 조합한 방법이 다른 데이터 증강 방법보다 우수한 분할 성능을 제공하여 InveptionV3 모델을 사용한 경우에 94.98 %의 정확도를 보였다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.201-210
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• 2021

In Korean medicine, tongue diagnosis is one of the important diagnostic methods for diagnosing abnormalities in the body. Representative features that are used in the tongue diagnosis include color, shape, texture, cracks, and tooth marks. When diagnosing a patient through these features, the diagnosis criteria may be different for each oriental medical doctor, and even the same person may have different diagnosis results depending on time and work environment. In order to overcome this problem, recent studies to automate and standardize tongue diagnosis using machine learning are continuing and the basic process of such a machine learning-based tongue diagnosis system is tongue segmentation. In this paper, image data is augmented based on the main tongue features, and backbones of various famous deep learning architecture models are used for automatic tongue segmentation. The experimental results show that the proposed augmentation technique improves the accuracy of tongue segmentation, and that automatic tongue segmentation can be performed with a high accuracy of 99.12%.

• 전자공학회논문지SC
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.123-131
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• 2008

한의학에서 혀의 상태는 인체 내부의 생리적 병리적 변화와 같은 건강 상태를 진단하는 중요한 지표로 활용된다. 혀의 상태를 진단하는 방법(설진)은 편리할 뿐 아니라 비침습적이므로, 한의학에서 널리 활용되고 있다. 하지만, 설진은 광원이나 환자의 자세, 의사의 건강 조건과 같은 검사 환경에 따라 많은 영향을 받는다. 객관적이고 표준화된 진단을 위한 자동 설진 시스템을 개발하기 위하여 촬영된 얼굴 영상으로부터 혀를 영역분할하고 설태를 분류하는 것은 필수적이지만 혀와 입술, 입 근처의 피부색이 서로 유사하므로 쉽지 않은 일이다. 제안된 방법은 전처리 과정과 영역분할, 혀의 구조로부터 발생하는 음영 영역의 지역 최소값 위치 검색, 지역 최소값의 교정, 컬러의 차이를 최대로 하는 위치를 찾는 컬러 경계면 탐색, 척의 기하적인 특성에 일치하는 경계면 선택, 경계면 평활화로 구성되어 있으며, 여기서 전처리 과정은 계산량의 감소를 위한 부 표본화, 히스토그램 평활화, 경계면 강화를 수행한다. 이러한 시스템적인 과정을 거치면, 영역분할된 혀를 획득할 수 있게 된다. 제안된 방법으로 분할된 영역은 초과적으로 혀가 아닌 영역을 제외해 낼 뿐 아니라 정확한 진단을 위해 중요한 정보를 제공함을 한의사의 진단 유효도 평가점수를 통해 확인할 수 있었다. 제안된 방법은 진단의 객관화와 표준화에 기여할 뿐만 아니라 u-Healthcare 시스템에도 활용 가능하다.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.379-387
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• 2015

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the relevance of Sasang constitution, Qi Blood pattern identification, and tongue diagnosis in subjects complaining of fatigue.Methods Seventy-three subjects who complained of fatigue were assessed using the Chalder Fatigue Scale, tongue diagnosis, pattern identification questionnaire and Sasang constitution diagnosis. The association of tongue diagnosis with Qi Blood pattern identification and Sasang constitution was evaluated.Results 1. There was no significant association between tongue diagnosis and Sasang constitution.2. Tongue color, which is one of the diagnostic indicators in tongue diagnosis, was redder in the Qi stagnation group than in the Qi deficiency and Blood deficiency groups.Conclusions Tongue diagnosis can be utilized in future if proper research regarding Sasang constitution and Sasang constitution pattern identification is conducted.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.262-266
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• 2008

We plan to make the standardization of the pattern identifications for stroke and differentiate them by tongue diagnosis. We make a case report form which has questionnaires for tongue diagnosis in stroke patients. And we collected cases from the multi center network which consists of twelve university hospitals and one local hospital. The cases confirmed by diagnosis of medical specialists and residents are 321 cases. They are divided into Qi Defficiency 30.84%, Dampness& Phlegm 25.55%, Fire & Heat 22.43%, Eum Defficiency 18.69% and Blood Stasis 2.49%. We analyzed the markers which classified into the color of tongue body, the color of fur, the quality of fur, the dryness of tongue, the shape of tongue. To make a stroke pattern identification standard, we must try variable ways.