• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.230-236
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• 2024

This study aimed to analyze the environmental factors affecting tomato growth by examining the correlation between weather and growth environment sensor data from P Smart Farm located in Gwangseok-myeon, Nonsan-si, Chungcheongnam-do. Key environmental variables such as the temperature, humidity, sunlight hours, solar radiation, and daily light integral (DLI) significantly affect tomato growth. The optimal temperature and DLI conditions play crucial roles in enhancing tomato growth and the photosynthetic efficiency. In this study, we developed a model to correct and predict the time-series variations in internal environmental sensor data using external weather sensor data. A linear regression analysis model was employed to estimate the external temperature variations and internal DLI values of P Smart Farm. Then, regression equations were derived based on these data. The analysis verified that the estimated variations in external temperature and internal DLI are explained effectively by the regression models. In this research, we analyzed and monitored smart-farm growth environment data based on weather sensor data. Thereby, we obtained an optimized model for the temperature and light conditions crucial for tomato growth. Additionally, the study emphasizes the importance of sensor-based data analysis in dynamically adjusting the tomato growth environment according to the variations in weather and growth conditions. The observations of this study indicate that analytical solutions using public weather data can provide data-driven operational experiences and productivity improvements for small- and medium-sized facility farms that cannot afford expensive sensors.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.49-55
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• 2021

Recently, a smart farm technology is drawing attention as an alternative to the decline of farm labor population problems due to the aging society. Especially, there is an increasing demand for automatic harvesting system that can be commercialized in the market. Pre-harvest crop detection is the most important issue for the harvesting robot system in a real-world environment. In this paper, we proposed a real-time tomato instance tracking algorithm by using deep learning and probability models. In general, It is hard to keep track of the same tomato instance between successive frames, because the tomato growing environment is disturbed by the change of lighting condition and a background clutter without a stochastic approach. Therefore, this work suggests that individual tomato object detection for each frame is conducted by YOLOv3 model, and the continuous instance tracking between frames is performed by Kalman filter and probability model. We have verified the performance of the proposed method, an experiment was shown a good result in real-world test data.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1427-1435
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• 2017

The smart farm is a remarkable system because it utilizes information and communication technologies in agriculture to bring high productivity and excellent qualities of crops. It automatically measures the growth environment of the crops and accumulates huge amounts of environmental information in real time growing in smart farms using multi-variable control of environmental factors. The statistical model using the collected big data will be helpful for decision making in order to control optimal growth environment of crops in smart farms. Using data collected from a smart farm of tomato, we carried out multiple regression analysis to determine the relationship between yield and environmental factors and to predict yield of tomato. In this study, appropriate parameter modification was made for environmental factors considering tomato growth. Using these new factors, we fit the model and derived the optimal environmental factors that affect the yields of tomato. Based on this, we could predict the yields of tomato. It is expected that growth environment can be controlled to improve tomato productivities by using statistical model.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.63 no.5
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• pp.73-81
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• 2021

The objective of this study was to analyze the waste nutrient generation loads from hydroponics for three major crops in Gyeongsangnam-do. Study hydroponic farms were selected for the three major crops such as paprika, strawberry, tomato based on the agricultural statistics data and field investigation. The flow amount and water quality for inflow and outflow of study hydroponic farms were monitored and analyzed on a monthly basis. Monitored samples were analyzed in terms of DO, BOD, T-N, T-P, SS, and EC. The generated load of BOD, T-N, and T-P were calculated from the monitored flow and water quality. The monitoring results showed that the drainage ratio for the circular hydroponic farm was lower than the non-circular hydroponic farm because the outflow from the circular hydroponics were much lower than that from the non-circular. The generated load calculation results showed that the BOD tended to have a smaller value than the TMDLs guideline for land, while T-N and T-P showed higher value than that from the TMDLs guideline. In order to effectively manage the pollutant load discharged from the hydroponics farming complex, it is necessary to manage the non-circulating hydroponics farm. To improve water quality, it is necessary to gradually expand the circulating hydroponics farm through policy and economic support.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.28 no.9
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• pp.729-735
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• 2019

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of different compositions of environmental substrates on hydroponic tomato cultivation. Three different substrates were used in coir chip:dust (v/v=50:50; CP1), coir chip:dust (v/v=80:20; CP2), and rock wool cube with CP2 (CPR). The amount of irrigation during the cultivation period was 190 mL/(plant time) in all substrates. The pH and EC were 5.8-6.2 and 2.6-2.9 dS/m, respectively. The drainage rate in CP1 was 31%, in CP2 was 36%, and in CPR was 29%. The growth of tomato plants in terms of height was higher in CP1 and CPR. The leaf area was greater in CP2. The fresh and dry weights were greater in CP2 and CPR treatments. The net photosynthesis in CP2 ($19.31{\mu}mol\;CO_2/m^2s$) and root activity in CP2 were higher among all three treatments. The soluble solid content of fruit was not significantly different among treatments. The yield per plant in CP2 and CPR treatments was 17% greater than the yield per plant in CP1. Therefore, the most suitable substrate for hydroponic tomato cultivation is the substrate mixed with coir chip:dust (v:v=80:20; CP2), i.e., CPR.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.151-167
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• 2005

In this study, certain factors influencing cherry tomato were estimated using system equations. In addition, the amount of influence to income from each factor was estimated from both direct and indirect effects. Based on OLS(Ordinary Least Squares) estimation, path analysis and factor analysis were employed to overcome multicollinearity problems. Data used in this study is interviewed cross sectional data of 65 cherry tomato producing farm in Chungnam-do area. Average age of the producers is 46.5. Average year of the production is 8 years. Average farm size, productivity, and income are 1,123 pyong, 7,439kg/10a, 8,112,000won/10a, respectively. The business performance of the sample farms were above average, in terms of the diagnosis by "Standard Business Diagnosis for Cherry tomato". To identify the factors influencing productivity, 15, 19, and 25 independent variables were selected for the dependent variables of yield, price(quality), and business cost, respectively. Finally, yield, quality, and business cost variables were set as independent variables to explain income as dependent variable. As a result of main factor analysis, 10, 12, 15, and 16 factors were identified as main factors for yield, quality, business cost, and income, respectively.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.121-127
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• 2013

As the worldwide trade of agricultural products became liberalized with the establishment of WTO and FTA, relatively cheaper agricultural products have influenced the Korean domestic market substantially. Fortunately, foreign countries have soften their restrictions on Korean agricultural exports, providing Korean farmers with more opportunities to advance into the world market. This study aims to propose a multiple-criteria decision-making model for selecting an optimal tomato export farm, as the part of an effort to vitalize exports of domestic agricultural products amid the competitive agricultural market worldwide. For this purpose, we are suggesting a 2-step decision-making model which consists of a simple hierarchy decision model that preliminary selects tomato export farms and a detailed hierarchy decision model that chooses the final and optimal tomato export farm. We applied the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to determine the relative importance of the used evaluation factors and to choose the tomato export farms with most potential. Eventually, the systematic and efficient decision-making model proposed in this paper can be applied to determine the optimal export farms for crops other than tomato, and thus it can encourage the competitiveness of Korean agricultural exports.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.1463-1469
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• 2012

To add functional specialty in a traditional fermentation product, Gochujang, and improve the taste and preference, an optimum fermentation condition of Gochujang supplemented with tomato puree was established in the conditions of GCJ 14, -16, -18, and -20. Varying the salinity concentration and the manufactured fermentation products, Gochujang was analyzed by the chemical nature, change in bacterial characteristics and contents of a functional chemical, lycopene, and sensory taste. As a result, the pH change of Gochujang containing tomato puree with grain syrup was diminished during the fermentation process. Its sugar contents were repeated by the increase and decrease. In addition, the water contents, salinity, and chromaticity of the Gochujang showed no significant change. Regarding the change in bacterial characteristics, total bacterial number and lactic acid bacteria number increased, with the rate of increase depending on the fermentation process. The ratio of lactic acid bacteria number against total bacterial number was confirmed to be significantly high at the conditions of GCJ 18 and -20. No significant change in the contents of lycopene was observed during the fermentation process. Notably, the change in crude proteins, crude fat, crude ash, and carbohydrates in addition to a sensory examination including taste and preference of the manufactured Gochujang suggest that the optimal fermentation product is produced in the condition of GCJ 20. Therefore, functional Gochujang satisfying a modern preference can be produced by using tomato puree with grain syrup.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.138-144
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• 1997

Korean agricultural and rural economics has been gotten more difficult through the introduction of economics system under the control of IMF before problems from open market system under WTO get to be settled. Export should be promoted to get the advantage of open market system and to get over today's economic crisis from shortage of foreign currency. Fortunately, Korea adjoins Japan that is largest importing country of agricultural products in a world, therefore Korean Agricultural products has advantage in export to Japan through open market system. Puyo tomato, specialized agricultural products in Chungman province, has been exported 42.2M/T to Japan from 1994 year to 1996 year. But such exported amount was so small that is less than a 1% of total tomato product in Puyo area. Reasons why export volume to Japan was so small were non standard commodities, non performance of export contract, unfavorable price condition, etc.. But it was major reason that missed optimal exporting period. Therefore this study is aimed at finding optimal period exporting Puyo mini tomato to Japan. According to result of analysis based on monthly price and carried quality data of major tomato market between Korea and Japan, it has more comparative advantage that we export tomato during Period of Dec-Feb. rather than March-May which is currently major exporting period.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.84-88
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• 2019

A variety of microorganisms in rhizosphere affect plant health by plant growth promotion, mitigation of abiotic stresses as well as protection from pathogen attacks. In our previous study, we selected a bacterium, Bacillus mesonae H20-5, for alleviation of salinity stress in tomato plants. In this study, we verified the effect of a liquid formulation of B. mesonae H20-5 (TP-H20-5) on fruit production and phytochemical accumulation including lycopene and polyphenol in cherry tomato and strawberry fruits in on-farm tests of protected cultivation under salinity stress. When vegetables including tomato, cherry tomato, strawberry, and cucumber were treated with TP-H20-5 by irrigated systems, final marketable yields were increased by 21.4% (cherry tomato), 9.3% (ripen tomato), 120.6% (strawberry), and 14.5% (cucumber) compared to untreated control. Moreover, treatment of TP-H20-5 was showed increase of phytochemicals such as lycopene and total polyphenol compared to untreated control in cherry tomato and strawberry. Therefore, these results indicated that a formulant of B. mesonae H20-5 can be used as a potential biofertilizer for increasing fruit production and quality.