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http://dx.doi.org/10.5322/JESI.2019.28.9.729

Effects of Environmental Substrate Composition on the Growth and Yield of Hydroponically Grown Tomato  

Lee, Jaesu (Division of Smart Farm Development, National Institute of Agricultural Science, RDA)
Lee, Hyundong (Division of Smart Farm Development, National Institute of Agricultural Science, RDA)
Lee, Sanggyu (Division of Smart Farm Development, National Institute of Agricultural Science, RDA)
Kwak, Kangsu (Division of Smart Farm Development, National Institute of Agricultural Science, RDA)
Kim, Balgeum (Division of Smart Farm Development, National Institute of Agricultural Science, RDA)
Kim, Taehyun (Division of Smart Farm Development, National Institute of Agricultural Science, RDA)
Baek, Jeonghyun (Division of Smart Farm Development, National Institute of Agricultural Science, RDA)
Rho, Siyoung (Division of Smart Farm Development, National Institute of Agricultural Science, RDA)
Hong, Youngsin (Division of Smart Farm Development, National Institute of Agricultural Science, RDA)
Publication Information
Journal of Environmental Science International / v.28, no.9, 2019 , pp. 729-735 More about this Journal
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of different compositions of environmental substrates on hydroponic tomato cultivation. Three different substrates were used in coir chip:dust (v/v=50:50; CP1), coir chip:dust (v/v=80:20; CP2), and rock wool cube with CP2 (CPR). The amount of irrigation during the cultivation period was 190 mL/(plant time) in all substrates. The pH and EC were 5.8-6.2 and 2.6-2.9 dS/m, respectively. The drainage rate in CP1 was 31%, in CP2 was 36%, and in CPR was 29%. The growth of tomato plants in terms of height was higher in CP1 and CPR. The leaf area was greater in CP2. The fresh and dry weights were greater in CP2 and CPR treatments. The net photosynthesis in CP2 ($19.31{\mu}mol\;CO_2/m^2s$) and root activity in CP2 were higher among all three treatments. The soluble solid content of fruit was not significantly different among treatments. The yield per plant in CP2 and CPR treatments was 17% greater than the yield per plant in CP1. Therefore, the most suitable substrate for hydroponic tomato cultivation is the substrate mixed with coir chip:dust (v:v=80:20; CP2), i.e., CPR.
Keywords
Coir chip; Leaf area; Photosynthesis; Root activity; Soluble solid content;
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