• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.237-245
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• 2002

A new type of RF MEMS switch for low voltage actuation, high broadband application and high power capability is presented. Mechanical and electromagnetic simulations of this new RF MEMS switch type are shown and the fabrication process and measurement results are given. The switching element consists of a cantilever which is fixed by a suspension spring to the ground of the coplanar line. The closing voltage is 16V. The switches exhibit low insertion loss (<0.85dB@30GHz) with good isolation (>22dB@30GHz).

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.446-455
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• 2010

The research presented covers the design and control method of unmanned ground vehicle (UGV). An electric vehicle is used and is driven by DC motor. The power system on the UGV has been adjusted and actuators have been installed for steering and brake automation. A toggle switch is implemented to easily switch between manual and autonomous states. The UGV state is monitored by a velocity sensor, as well as steering and brake position sensors. An emergency stop device was designed and installed to quickly and safely stop the UGV. Different control methods, including the PID controller, were studied for improved steering responsiveness, and results were confirmed through experimentation. Satisfactory performance was achieved and several possible areas of future research have arisen.

• 정보처리학회논문지A
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• 제12A권1호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2005

현재 기업이나 고층건물, 아파트 등에서 사용되는 Elevator 시스템은 몇 층에서 사람들을 태우고 몇 층에서 사람들이 내릴 것인지를 각 층에서 Elevator를 기다리고 있는 사람들에게 표시하지 않는다. 그래서 본 논문에서는 Elevator가 운행할 층들을 각층에 표시할 수 있는 시스템을 제안한다. 현재 이용되고 있는 Elevator 시스템에 제안한 시스템을 적용하면 Elevator를 기다리는 사람들에게 Elevator를 탈 것인지, 아니면 계단을 이용하여 직접 원하는 층으로 이동할 것인지를 판단할 수 있도록 해주고, 이것은 Elevator를 이용하려고 하는 사람들에게 엘리베이터 운행에 관한 정보를 미리 알려줌으로써 Elevator를 기다리는데 소비되는 불필요한 시간을 방지할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 또한, Elevator를 타려고 한 사람이 Elevator를 타지 않고 계단이나 Escalator를 이용할 경우 본인이 눌렀던 토글 스위치를 누르므로써 Elevator는 본인이 눌렀었던 층에 서지 않고 다른 층으로 운행할 수 있도록 구성할 것이다. 이렇게 구성한 시스템은 Elevator가 Elevator를 기다리는 사람이 없는 층에 서지 않기 때문에 전력면에서도 효율적이다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.537-541
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• 2002

When a Kigong master concentrates the Qi at Yintang, Laogong(P8), Qihai(CV6) meridian points during Kigong state, the change of magnetic field around acupoints Yintang, Laogong points has been measured using DROS-SQUID apparatus. After smoothing process of the continuously measured magnetic signal around acupoints for a few minutes, we could observe that a series of peaks, magnitude of 1～2 pT and period of 5 sec, appeared and find that these peaks were clearly changed as if switch on and off according to Qi concentration state. Before Qi radiation, a series of the peaks measured on Yintang or Laogong point of a Kigong master shows one of either SW-ON state or SW-OFF state as initial state. During Qi radiation, its state becomes inverse of initial state. After Qi radiation, it returns to the initial state for some cases (called P type ; push button switch type) or it remains inversion state for other cases (called T type; toggle switch type). From the data of peaks measured at different position from the Qi concentration acupoint, we found that the Qi radiation on an acupoint makes the switching effect even not at the acupoint that Qi is concentrated but at the other acupoints that Qi is not concentrated.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.16-26
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• 2016

This proposed project is about a bicycle anti theft devised system which helps people protect the bicycle from theft and helps to track the stolen bicycle's location using a smart phone. Safety bike uses two main devices to keep the bicycle secured, the vibration sensor and GPS sensor. The purpose of this project is to put all these small devices into one well connected system which will help the bicycle owner have more control over the security of his own bicycle. The whole system can be divided into two main parts. The first part is about the hardware development whereby all electronics components are connected via the circuit design using wire wrapping technique. This hardware part includes, a vibrations sensor, a GPS receiver, a toggle switch, LED light, Bluetooth and a buzzer. Wireless Bluetooth signals are used as the means of communication between the smartphone and the microcontroller. The second part is the software part which is being to program and control the whole system. The program is written using MikroBasic, a full-featured Basic compiler for microcontroller based systems. In conclusion, this system is designed to enable user to have control in securing his/her bicycle also being able to find and locate it at any time using GPS receiver and mobile android application.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.403-412
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• 2022

Hypoxia leads to significant cellular stress that has diverse pathological consequences such as cardiovascular diseases and cancers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are one of regulators of the adaptive pathway in hypoxia. We identified a hypoxia-induced miRNA, miR-34c, that was significantly upregulated in hypoxic human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and in murine blood vessels on day 3 of hindlimb ischemia (HLI). miR-34c directly inhibited BCL2 expression, acting as a toggle switch between apoptosis and autophagy in vitro and in vivo. BCL2 repression by miR-34c activated autophagy, which was evaluated by the expression of LC3-II. Overexpression of miR-34c inhibited apoptosis in HUVEC as well as in a murine model of HLI, and increased cell viability in HUVEC. Importantly, the number of viable cells in the blood vessels following HLI was increased by miR-34c overexpression. Collectively, our findings show that miR-34c plays a protective role in hypoxia, suggesting a novel therapeutic target for hypoxic and ischemic diseases in the blood vessels.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.69-80
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• 1998

본 연구에서는 엑서사이즈 프로그램이 FES를 이용한 하반신 마비환자의 일어서기 및 보행에 미치는 영향을 고찰하였으며, 또한 주요 다리근육들의 전기자극에 대한 수축특성과 피로특성에 주안점을 두었다. 정상인 10명과 완전 하반신 마비환자 4명의 대퇴사두근에 연속적 혹은 간헐적으로 전기자극을 가하였고, 자극주파수는 20Hz와 80Hz로 하였다. 또 근육의 길이에 따른 피로현상을 살펴보기 위하여 무릎의 각도를 90$^{\circ}$와 150$^{\circ}$로 각각 고정한 뒤 무릎신근 토크를 측정하였다. 그 결과를 바탕으로 남자 하반신 마비환자의 대퇴사두근과 장딴지근에 지난 2년간 FES엑서사이즈를 시행하였다. 무릎신근의 근력이 체중을 지지하기에 충분하다고 판단되었을 때 FES 일어서기를 시작하였으며, 자세교환 연습을 거친 뒤 평행봉 혹은 워커를 잡고 정전압 자극기와 표면전극을 사용한 4 또는 6채널 자극으로 보행하도록 하였다. 마비된 근육은 정상인과는 반대로 최적길이 부근에서 상대적으로 급격한 피로를 나타내었고, 저주와 자극과 간헐 자극이 피로를 지연시키는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 실험에 참가한 환자는 FES 엑서사이즈 프로그램을 실시한 결과, 근력이 초기의 10배 정도로 증가하였고, 피로지수는 초기의 절반 정도로 감소하였으며, 엑서사이즈 횟수를 매주 6일에서 7일로 바꾼 후 근력이 눈에 띄게 향상되었다. 환자 자신의 잔존능력도 향상되어 양쪽 무릎을 10cm정도 들어올릴 수 있게 됨으로써 보행시 스윙 단계에서 이 능력을 최대한 활용할 수 있었다. 현재 환자는 워커를 잡고 스스로 자극기의 스위치를 조작하면서 4채널 자극에 의하여 10m/min의 속도로 최대 약 2분 40초의 보행이 가능하다.