• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.73-77
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• 1985

Haemophilus aphrophilus is a fastidious gram-negative bacillus found in mouth of normal individuals. Though H. aphrophilus infection is quite rate, it includes such serious ones as endocarditis and brain abscess. The authors isolated H. aphrophilus from five patients with the diagnosis of lung abscess, conjunctivitis, brain abscess and facial masticator space abscess. Two of the patients died. Three of the patients also yielded other species of bacteria from the same specimens. One of the isolate was intermediately susceptible to amikacin and resistant to tobramycin, indicating the necessity of a routine susceptibility test in order to select the proper antimicrobial agents. Since H. aphrophilus can be differentiated from other similar organisms by morphological and biochemical characteristics, one should determie the possibility of this organism when fastidious gram-negative bacilli are isolated from blood or from sites adjacent to upper respiratory tract.

• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.43-47
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• 1982

C. fetus suhsp. jejuni has been reported to be an important enteric pathogen in many parts of the world. Although the infection has been reported in Korea, the incidence is not known. In this study the results of stool culture during the period of August 1981 to July 1982 at Yonsei Medical Center was analyzed and the following results were obtained. 1. C. fetus subsp. jejuni was isolated from 0.8% of stool specimens. The isolation rate was lower than that of salmonella(3.3%) and shigella(7.1%). The isolation was most frequent in June and from $\leq$15-year-old patients. 2. All of the isolates from the patients were susceptible to chloramphenicol and erythromycin. It was noteworthy that 4 isolates were resistant to all of the aminoglycosides, i.e., amikacin, gen tamicin, kanamycin and tobramycin. 3. We also isolated C. fetus subsp. jejuni from chicken. When the susceptibility of the isolates was compared to that of the isolates from human the former were less susceptible to erythromycin(34.1%) and tetracycline(38.6%).

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.322-326
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• 1994

Bacillus thuringiensis strain BT-14 was isolated from alfalfa dust in Korea. The strain BT-14 produced one bipyramidal crystal and one spore in the cell. The biochemical characteristics of the strain BT-14 were similar to those of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki HD-l. Examination of its antibiotic resistance revealed that while the strain BT-14 was less resistant than BTK HD-l to ampicillin, gentamycin, neomycin and tobramycin, it was more resistant to amikacin than BTK HD-l. The $\delta$-endotoxin crystal of strain BT-14 consisted of a single protein with a high molecular weight of ca 135 KD on a 10% SDS-PACE. The strain BT-14 contained at least nine different plasmids with sizes of 2.9, 5.3, 5.8, 6.2, 9.4, 15.1, 18.1, 23.1 and 79 Kb. In insect bioassay, the isolated strain BT-14 showed lethality of 67% against Plutella xylostella larvae at dilution of 5$\times$$l0^{-4}$ (5$\times$l0 to 3$\times$$l0^2$ spores/ml), which is, almost equivalent to that of BTK HD-l.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2007

A liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the analysis of aminoglycoside antibiotics (AMGs) using Heptafluorobutyric acid (HFBA) as a ion-pairing reagent. AMGs (amikacin, apramycin, dihydrostreptomycin, gentamicin, hygrosin B, kanamycin, neomycin, spectinomycin and tobramycin) were formed by reaction with HFBA as ion-pairing reagent. HFBA was attached to corresponding amino group of AMGs. These AMGs compounds were separated and detected by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The experimental conditions for separation of AMGs were optimized and validated. A simple liquid chromatographic method for the determination of AMGs was demonstrated.

• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.29-34
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• 1981

Species and antimicrobial susceptibility of nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli(NFB) isolated from clinical materials at Yonsei Medical Center during the period of September 1980 to August 1981 were analyzed and the following results were obtained. 1. NFB were isolated from 17.1% of sputum, 14.8% of pus, 5.0% of urine, 3.3% of throat and 1.4% of blood specimens. 2. Among the isolates 57.6% were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 32.7% were Acinetobacter calcoaceticus. P. maltophilia and P. cepacia were 3.2% and 2.8% respectively. Other bacteria were rarely isolated. 3. The monthly isolation rates were high during the June to November period(8.8-12.0%), and low during the December to May period(4.2-8.4%). 4. Many of the isolates showed resistance to various antimicrobials. Although there were variations depending on the bacterial species, amikacin, colistin, gentamicin, tobramycin and co-trimoxazole showed more antibacterial activities than other antimicrobials.

• 한국축산식품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국축산식품학회 2004년도 제34차 추계 국제 학술대회
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• pp.142-146
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• 2004

본 연구는 국내산 돈육의 Staphylococcus aureus에 대한 오염도와 항생제 내성 여부를 살펴보기 위해 실시되었다. 가공전의 원료육과 가공후의 포장육의 Staphylococcus aureus 에 대한 오염도를 비교해 본 결과 원료육에서 11.5%, 포장육에서 6.1%의 검출률을 보여 도축단계에서의 오염으로 판단된다. 돈육에서 검출된 Staphylococcus aureus의 항생제별 내성은 Penicillin 및 Ampicillin에 각각 93.3%로 매우 높은 내성률을 나타내었으며, Tetracycline에서 60.0%, Tobramycin 20.0%, Erythromycin, Streptomycin에 각각 13.3%의 내성률을 보였다. 2001년 전국 6개 도시의 일반인의 비강으로부터 분리한 S. aureus의 tetracycline에 대한 내성률은 8.2%로 돈육에서 검출된 S. aureus의 내성률과 비교하였을 때 7배 이상 높은 것을 알 수 있었다. 생산성을 향상시킬 목적으로 동물에게 항생제를 처방하고, 사료에 항생제를 첨가하여 균 자체의 내성율을 높이고 이런 균들이 인간에게 전파되어 내성균의 생성 루트가 될 수 있기 때문에 향후 돈육의 사료에 첨가하는 최초 항생제의 사용량부터 지속적인관리가 필요하리라 판단된다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.46-54
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• 1996

This study was perfomed to examine the distribution of causative agent of piglets diarrhea in eastern Chonnam province from February 1994 to March 1995. The causative agents of diarrhea were examined by bacterial culture test, parasitological test and serological test against PED, TGE and Rota. The 35 isolated E. coli were tested for antibiotic sensitivity. The results obtained were as follows. 1. The incidence of 81 piglets with diarrhea was most prevalent as 39.5% in the age of 2 to 4 weeks, compare to 34.6% in the age of 5 to 8 weeks and 16.0% under 1 weeks and 9.9 % in the age of 9 to 11 weeks after birth. 2. The incidence of 81 piglets diarrhea showed bacterial diarrhea(75.3%), viral diarrhea (35.8%) and parasitological diarrhea(18.5%). When compared the isolation frequency of each etiological agent, enteropathogenic E. coli was most prevalent as 55.5% in bacterial diarrhea, rotavlrus enteritis as 18.5% in viral diarrhea and trichuriasis as 13.6% in parasitological diarrhea. 3. The complicated infection of piglets was most prevalent as 41.7% in rotavirus enteritis with enteropathogenic E coli in 24 complicated piglets diarrhea. 4. In antibiotic sensitivity test, isolates showed moderatly resistance to Tobramycin, Amikacin, Imipenem, Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole, Gentamicin, Ampicillin but sensitivty to Ticarcillin/K. The 30 E. coli isolate showed multiple drug resistances in 3 different antibiotics.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.346-353
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• 2005

A 50-kb chromosome DNA region was isolated from Streptomyces kanamyceticus by screening the fosmid genomic library, using the 16S rRNA methylase gene (kmr) as a probe. Sequence analysis of this region revealed 42 putative open reading frames (ORFs), which included biosynthetic genes such as genes responsible for 2-deoxystreptamine (2­DOS) biosynthesis as well as genes for resistance and regulatory function. Also, the kanamycin acetyltransferase gene (kac) was characterized by in vitro enzyme assay, which conferred E. coli BL21 (DE3) with 10, 50, and 80-times higher resistance to kanamycin A, tobramycin, and amikacin, respectively, than the control strain had, thus strongly indicating that the isolated gene cluster is very likely involved in kanamycin biosynthesis. This work provides a solid basis for further elucidation of the kanamycin biosynthesis pathway as well as the productivity improvement and construction of new hybrid antibiotics.

• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.25-33
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• 1984

One hundred and forty strains of Shigella cultures isolated from the twelve hygiene laboratories of cities and provincial level and general hospital laboratories in 1983, and were tested for their resistance to 13 antimicrobial drugs and their R-Plasmid transfer. One hundred and forty (100%) of isolates were susceptible to amikacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, a total of 94.3% of all shigella isolates were resistant to 1 or more of the 13 antimicrobial agents tested. The most commonly found resistance was to chloramphenicol (94%), followed by streptomycin (93%), tetracycline (92%), piperacillin (90%), ampicillin (83%), cefoperazone (42%), nalidixic acid (14%), cephalothin (17%), rifampicin (22%), and kanamycin (6%). Sixty percent of strains among 140 were resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, tetracycline at same time. The transfer of drug resistance by conjugation was tested and 94 strains (94.3%) which were resistant to one or more drugs were found to transfer their drug resistance to E. coli.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.266-272
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• 2001

A total of 79 Salmonella spp. were isolated from Pusan area in 2000. The serotypes of 79 Salmonella isolates were classified as 42 strains of S. typhi(53.1%), 24 strains of S. enteritidis(30.4%), 9 strains of S. montevideo(11.4%), 2 strains of S. typhimurium(2.5%), 1 strain of S. infantis(1.3%) and 1 strain of S. indiana(1.3%) strains(16.5%) of Salmonella sp. were isolated at May July, respectively. The isolates of S. typhi were sensitive to most sntibiotics except streptomycin. All isolates of S. typhi were especially sensitive to tobramycin, gentamicin, colistin, kanamycin, samikacin, sulfamethozazole/ trimethoprim, cefriaxone, ceftazdime, cifrofloxacin, cefoxitin and cefotaxime. Isolates of S. enteritidis wer presented higher resistance than isolates of S. typhi. Twenty-four strains of S. enteritidis were sensitive to kanamycin, amikacin cifrofloxacin, cefoxitin and cefotaxime, however 13 strains(54.2%) of S. enteritidis were resistant to carbenicillin, ampicillin and ticarcillin. Nine strains of S. montevideo were sensitive to most antibiotics except carbenicillin and streptomycin. Each 1 stain of S. indiana and S. infantis was sensitive to most antibiotics used in this study except streptomycin. Three kinds of resistant pattern (CB, SM, TE, AM, TC). In the case of S. enteritidis isolates, 9 kinds resistant pattern were detected. Most frequent resistant pattern of S. enteritidis isolates was CB, AM, TC type(16.7%)