• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.161-166
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• 1997

식용버섯류를 대상으로 혈액응고계를 활성화시키는데 주된 역할을 하는 것으로 알려진 단백질인 tissue factor에 대한 저해활성을 시험관내에서 측정하였으며 몇 가지 유기용매를 이용하여 추출분획을 조제하고 이들의 TF에 대한 저해활성을 비교 검색하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 검색된 버섯류의 메탄올 추출물들은 모두 TF에 대한 저해활성을 나타내었으며 특히 표고버섯은 비교적 강한 저해활성을 나타내었고 양송이버섯과 영지버섯 역시 TF 저해활성을 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 양송이버섯의 메탄올 추출물의 $IC_{50}$은 in vitro에서 $1.30\;{\mu}g$이었고 영지버섯은 $4.32\;{\mu}g$, 표고버섯은 $0.25\;{\mu}g$으로 각각 조사되었다. 유기용매를 이용하여 용매분획을 실시하고 각 용매분획의 TF 저해활성을 측정한 결과 표고버섯의 에틸아세테이트 분획에서 강한 TF 저해활성이 확인되었고 영지버섯의 에틸아세테이트 분획에서도 TF에 대한 저해활성이 나타났으며 표고버섯의 에틸아세테이트 분획에서 얻은 결정성 물질 역시 TF를 저해하는 활성을 나타내었다. 모든 버섯의 물층에서는 활성이 확인되지 않았으며 영지버섯의 에틸아세테이트 분획의 $IC_{50}$은 $107\;{\mu}g$, 표고버섯의 경우 $770\;{\mu}g$의 값을 나타냈고 표고버섯의 에틸아세테이트 분획으로부터 얻은 결정성물질의 $IC_{50}$은 10.2 mg이었다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.619-623
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• 2004

Tissue factor (TF, tissue thromboplastin) is a membrane bound glycoprotein, which acceler-ates the blood clotting, activating both the intrinsic and the extrinsic pathways to serve as a cofactor for activated factor VII (Vila). The TF-factor Vila complex (TF/VIIa) proteolytically activates factors IX and X, which leads to the generation of thrombin and fibrin clots. In order to isolate TF inhibitors, by means of a bioassay-directed chromatographic separation technique, from the leaves of Eriobotrya japonica Lindley (Rosaceae), a known sesquiterpene glycoside (2) and ferulic acid (3) were isolated as inhibitors that were evaluated using a single-clotting assay method for determining TF activity. Another sesquiterpene glycoside (1) was also isolated but was inactive in the assay system. Compound 3 was yielded by alkaline hydrolysis of compound 2. The structures of compounds 1, 2, and 3 were identified by means of spectral analysis as $3-O-{\alph}-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1{\rightarrow}4)-a-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1{\rightarrow}2)-[{\alph}-L-rhamnopyrano-syl-(1{\rightarrow}6)]-{\beta}-D-glucopyranosyl nerolidol$ (1), $3-O-{\alph}-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1{\rightarrow}4)-{\alph}-L-rhamnopyr-anosyl-(1{\rightarrow}2)-[{\alph}-L-(4-trans-feruloyl)-rhamnopyranosyl-(1{\rightarrow}6)]-{\beta}-D-glucopyranosyl$ nerolidol (2) and ferulic acid (3), respectively. Compounds 2 and 3 inhibited 50% of the TF activity at con-centrations of 2 and $369{\;}\mu\textrm{m}/TF$ units, respectively.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.842-850
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• 2002

Tissue factor (TF, tissue thromboplastin or coagulation factor III) accelerates the blood clotting, activating both the intrinsic and the extrinsic pathways to serve as a cofactor. In order to isolate TF inhibitors from the fruits of Chaenomeles sinensis, an activity-guided purification utilizing a bio-assay method of prothrombin time prolongation, was carried out to yield five active flavoniods such as hovetrichoside C (1) ($IC_{50}$ = 14.0 $\mu$g), luteolin-7-Ο-$\beta$-D-glucuronide (3) ($IC_{50}$ = 31.9$\mu$g), hyperin (4) ($IC_{50}$ = 20.8 $\mu$g), avicularin (6) ($IC_{50}$ = 54.8 $\mu$g) and quercitrin (10) ($IC_{50}$ = 135.7 $\mu$g), along with other inactive compounds such as ($\pm$)-(2E,4E)-Ο-$\beta$-D-glucopyranosyl-4'-hydroxy-$\beta$-ionylideneacetic acid ester (2), genistein-7-Ο-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside (5), luteolin-3'-methoxy-4'-Ο-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside (7), luteolin-7-Ο-$\beta$-D-glucuronide methyl ester (8), tricetin-3'-methoxy-4'-Ο-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside (selagin-4'-Ο-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside) (9), (-)-epicatechin (11), luteolin-4'-Ο-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside (12) and apigenin-7-Ο-$\beta$-D-glucuronide methyl ester (13). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated through spectral analysis. Among them, compounds 1 to 9, 12 and 13 were isolated for the first time from the fruits of this plant and the compound 9 is a new flavonoid.

• BMB Reports
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• 제45권7호
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• pp.390-395
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• 2012

Oleanolic acid (OA), a triterpenoid known for its anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties, is commonly present in several medicinal plants but its anticoagulant activities have not been studied. Here, the anticoagulant properties of OA were determined by monitoring activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), prothrombin time (PT), fibrin polymerization as well as cell-based thrombin and activated factor X (FXa) generation activities. Data showed OA prolonged aPTT and PT significantly and inhibited thrombin catalyzed fibrin polymerization. In addition, OA inhibited the activities of thrombin and FXa and inhibited the generation of thrombin or FXa in human endothelial cells. OA also inhibited TNF-${\alpha}$-induced tissue factor expression on human endothelial cells. In accordance with these anticoagulant activities, OA showed an anticoagulant effect in vivo. These results indicate that OA possesses antithrombotic activities and suggest that daily consumption of a herb containing OA may be preventing thrombosis in pathological states.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.385-393
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• 2021

Tissue factor (TF) activates the coagulation system and has an important role in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Our previous study stated that retinoid receptors (RAR-α and RXR-α) are released as a lipid droplet in monocrotaline/lipopolysaccharide-induced idiosyncratic liver toxicity in mice. Herein, the interdependence between the release of retinoid receptors RAR-α and RXR-α and TF in N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (APAP)-induced mice liver toxicity, is investigated. Serum alanine transaminase (ALT) level, platelet and white blood cells (WBCs) counts, protein expression of fibrin, TF, cyclin D1 and cleaved caspase-3 in liver tissues are analyzed. In addition, histopathological evaluation and survival study are also performed. The results indicate that using of TF-antisense (TF-AS) deoxyoligonucleotide (ODN) injection (6 mg/kg), to block TF protein synthesis, significantly restores the elevated level of ALT and WBCs and corrects thrombocytopenia in mice injected with APAP. TF-AS prevents the peri-central overexpression of liver TF, fibrin, cyclin D1 and cleaved caspase-3. The release of RXR-α and RAR-α droplets, in APAP treated sections, is inhibited upon treatment with TF-AS. In conclusion, the above findings designate that the released RXR-α and RAR-α in APAP liver toxicity is TF dependent. Additionally, the enhancement of cyclin D1 to caspase-3-dependent apoptosis can be prevented by blocking of TF protein synthesis.

• BMB Reports
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• 제47권7호
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• pp.376-381
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• 2014

Enzymatic oxidation of pyrogallol was efficiently transformed to an oxidative product, purpurogallin (PPG). Here, the anticoagulant activities of PPG were examined by monitoring activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), prothrombin time (PT), and the activities of thrombin and activated factor X (FXa). And, the effects of PPG on expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) and tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) were evaluated in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$ activated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Treatment with PPG resulted in prolonged aPTT and PT and inhibition of the activities of thrombin and FXa, as well as inhibited production of thrombin and FXa in HUVECs. In addition, PPG inhibited thrombin-catalyzed fibrin polymerization and platelet aggregation. PPG also elicited anticoagulant effects in mice. In addition, treatment with PPG resulted in significant reduction of the PAI-1 to t-PA ratio. Collectively, PPG possesses antithrombotic activities and offers a basis for development of a novel anticoagulant.

• BMB Reports
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• 제46권10호
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• pp.484-489
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• 2013

Piperlonguminine (PL), an important component of Piper longum fruits, is known to exhibit anti-hyperlipidemic, antiplatelet and anti-melanogenic activities. Here, the anticoagulant activities of PL were examined by monitoring activated-partial-thromboplastin-time (aPTT), prothrombin-time (PT), and the activities of thrombin and activated factor X (FXa). The effects of PL on the expressions of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) and tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) were also tested in tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$) activated HUVECs. The results showed that PL prolonged aPTT and PT significantly and inhibited the activities of thrombin and FXa. PL inhibited the generation of thrombin and FXa in HUVECs. In accordance with these anticoagulant activities, PL prolonged in vivo bleeding time and inhibited TNF-${\alpha}$ induced PAI-1 production. Furthermore, PAI-1/t-PA ratio was significantly decreased by PL. Collectively, our results suggest that PL possesses antithrombotic activities and that the current study could provide bases for the development of new anticoagulant agents.

• BMB Reports
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• 제48권10호
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• pp.577-582
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• 2015

Cyclopia subternata is a medicinal plant commonly used in traditional medicine to relieve pain. Here, the anticoagulant effects of scolymoside, an active compound in C. subternata, were examined by monitoring activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), prothrombin time (PT), and the activities of thrombin and activated factor X (FXa). The effects of scolymoside on plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) and tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) expression were evaluated in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-activated human endothelial cells. Treatment with scolymoside resulted in prolonged aPTT and PT and the inhibition of thrombin and FXa activities and production. In addition, scolymoside inhibited thrombin-catalyzed fibrin polymerization and platelet aggregation. Scolymoside also elicited anticoagulant effects in mice, including a significant reduction in the PAI-1 to t-PA ratio. Collectively, these findings indicate that scolymoside possesses anticoagulant activities and could be developed as a novel anticoagulant.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.474-482
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• 1993

연구배경 : 조직형플라스미노겐활성체는 생리적인 플라스미노겐활성체이므로 혈전의 섬유소에 결합된 플라스미노겐만을 활성화시키는 특이성이 있다고 알려져 있지만, 폐색전증에서 치료목적으로 대량투여하는 경우에도 섬유소에 대한 특이성이 유지되어 전신적인 출혈경향을 유발하지 않는가에 대해서는 논란이 있다. 또한 동량의 약제를 투여하더라도 조직형플라스미노겐활성체의 투여시간에 따라 혈전의 용해효과가 달라진다고 보고되었지만, 이러한 경우에 혈액의 응고기전이 어떠한 영향을 받는지는 명확하지 않아 이를 규명해보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법 : 실험견에 자가혈병으로 대량의 폐색전증을 유발시킨후 대조군은 특이치료없이, $t-PA_{15}$ 군은 15분동안, 그리고 $t-PA_{180}$군은 3시간에 걸쳐, 조직형플라스미노겐활성체를 체중(kg)당 1mg씩 정맥투여하였다. 그리고 실험과정중 시간에 따라, 실험동물의 혈색소치, 적혈구용적, 백혈구수, 혈소판수, 프로트롬빈시간, 활성부분트롬보플라스틴시간, 섬유소원농도, 트롬빈시간, 플라스미노겐 및 ${\alpha}_2$-항플라스민의 농도, 제 V 및 VIII응고인자의 농도, 그리고 섬유소원분해산물의 농도를 측정하였다. 결과: 1) 일반혈액검사소견근 세 군간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 그러나 실험과정중 혈색소치와 적혈구용적 및 혈소판수는 감소하고, 백혈구수는 계속 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 2) 프로트롬빈시간, 활성부분트롬보플라스틴시간 및 트롬빈시간은 $t-PA_{15}$군이 치료후 15분~60분 사이에, $t-PA_{180}$군은 치료후 30분~180분 사이에 연장되었다가 정상으로 회복되었다. 3) 섬유소원농도 ${\alpha}_2$-항플라스민의 농도, 제 V 및 VIII응고인자의 농도는 $t-PA_{15}$군 및 $t-PA_{180}$ 군에서 모두 감소하였으나 $t-PA_{15}$군은 $t-PA_{180}$군에 비해 조기에 회복되는 양상을 보였고 플라스미노겐의 농도는 급격히 증가하였다가 회복되는 양상을 보였다. 4) 섬유소원분해산물의 농도는 폐색전후 증가하였고, $t-PA_{15}$군 및 $t-PA_{180}$ 군에서는 조직형플라스미노겐활성체 투여후 더욱 증가하였는데 $t-PA_{180}$군에서 더 현저하였다. 결론 : 폐색전증에서 치료목적으로 대량의 조직형플라스미노겐활성체를 투여하는 경우, 약제의 투여시간이 180분일때보다는 투여시간이 15분일때 출혈이 발생할 가능성이 적다. 따라서 동량의 조직형플라스미노겐활성체를 투여하더라도 약제의 투여시간을 달리함으로써 출혈의 부작용을 줄일 수 있을 것이다.