• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제31권1호
• /
• pp.81-86
• /
• 2002

에탄올 투여에 의한 산화적 손상에 대하여 비타민 A의 보충급여 영향을 조사하고자 흰쥐에게 AIN-76 요구량에 2배 수준으로 retinyl acetate와 $\beta$-carotene을 보충한 식이를 5주간 급여한 후 20% 에탄올 용액(3g/kg B.W)을 급성으로 복강내에 투여하였다. 그런 다음 간조직에서 생성되는 지질과산 화물 함량, 간조직에서의 관련 효소활성도와 항산화비타민의 함량을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 간조직에서의 지질과 산화물 함량은 대조군에 비하여 $\beta$-carotene 공급군에서 유의적인 감소를 나타내었다. 그러나 retinyl acetate 공급군과 $\beta$-carotene 공급군 사이에서의 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았다. SOD 활성은 대조군에 비해 retinyl acetate 공급군이 높았고, catalase 활성과 GSH-Px 활성은 실험군 간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. GST 활성은 에탄올만을 투영한 대조군에 비해 retinyl acetate와 $\beta$-carotene을 공급한 군에서 유의적으로 감소되었다. 간조직 내 retinol 함량은 대조군에 비해 retinyl acetate 공급군에서 유의적으로 높게 나타났으며, 이는 에탄올 급여로 인한 간조직 비타민 A의 소모를 retinyl acetate의 급여로 인해 완화시킨 것으로 여겨진다. 그러나 혈청에서는 실험군 간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 간조직내 $\alpha$-tocopherol의 함량은 retinyl acetate와 $\beta$-carotene 공급군에서 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 금성적인 에탄올의 투여에 대해 retinyl acetate나 $\beta$-carotene을 보충 급여한 경우 항산화효소계 중 superoxide dismutase의 활성이 유도되는 경향을 보였으며, 대표적인 항산화비타민으로 알려진 $\alpha$-tocopherol의 간조직 내 수준이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한본초학회지
• /
• 제28권6호
• /
• pp.119-127
• /
• 2013

Objectives : ${\beta}$-Asarone (BAS) is an active ingredient in Acori Rhizoma. This study investigated anti-neuroinflammatory and memory ameliorating effects of BAS in systemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated C57BL/6 mice. Methods : BAS was administered orally at doses of 7.5, 15, and 30 mg/kg for 3 days prior to LPS (3 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) injection. Pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA, including tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-ㅍ), interleukin (IL)-$1{\beta}$ and IL-6, was measured in hippocampus tissue using real-time polymerase chain reaction at 4 h after the LPS injection. An ameliorating effect of 30 mg/kg BAS on learning and memory impairment in the LPS-treated mice was verified using the Morris water maze test. Results : BAS significantly attenuated up-regulation of TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-$1{\beta}$, and IL-6 mRNA in hippocampus tissue of the LPS-treated mice. In acquisition training test, BAS improved learning performance of the LPS-treated mice with a significant decrease of escape latency to the platform. In memory retention test, BAS also ameliorated memory impairment of the LPS-treated mice with a significant increase of swimming time in zones neighboring to the platform, number of target heading, and memory score. Conclusion : The results suggest that inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines and neuroinflammation in the hippocampus by BAS could be one of the mechanisms for BAS-mediated ameliorating effect on learning and memory impairment in LPS-treated mice.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.44.1-44.17
• /
• 2023

Background: Antibiotic resistance is a significant public health concern around the globe. Antimicrobial peptides exhibit broad-spectrum and efficient antibacterial activity with an added advantage of low drug resistance. The higher water content and 3D network structure of the hydrogels are beneficial for maintaining antimicrobial peptide activity and help to prevent degradation. The antimicrobial peptide released from hydrogels also hasten the local wound healing by promoting epithelial tissue regeneration and granulation tissue formation. Objective: This study aimed at developing sodium alginate based hydrogel loaded with a novel antimicrobial peptide Chol-37(F34-R) and to investigate the characteristics in vitro and in vivo as an alternative antibacterial wound dressing to treat infectious wounds. Methods: Hydrogels were developed and optimized by varying the concentrations of crosslinkers and subjected to various characterization tests like cross-sectional morphology, swelling index, percent water contents, water retention ratio, drug release and antibacterial activity in vitro, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infected wound mice model in vivo. Results: The results indicated that the hydrogel C proved superior in terms of cross-sectional morphology having uniformly sized interconnected pores, a good swelling index, with the capacity to retain a higher quantity of water. Furthermore, the optimized hydrogel has been found to exert a significant antimicrobial activity against bacteria and was also found to prevent bacterial infiltration into the wound site due to forming an impermeable barrier between the wound bed and external environment. The optimized hydrogel was found to significantly hasten skin regeneration in animal models when compared to other treatments in addition to strong inhibitory effect on the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α). Conclusions: Our results suggest that sodium alginate -based hydrogels loaded with Chol-37(F34-R) hold the potential to be used as an alternative to conventional antibiotics in treating infectious skin wounds.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.216-221
• /
• 2009

Purpose: The retention of the basement membrane complex, which was the unique feature of the acellular dermal matrix ($AlloDerm^{(R)}$), plays an important role in the normal process of wound healing. The present study was aimed to compare the healing of the acellular dermal matrix according to the graft method in the rabbit ear. Materials and methods: Six mature rabbits weighing about 3.0 kg were used, $10\;{\times}\;5\;mm$ sized subcutaneous pockets were created between the ear skin and the underlying perichondrium. In the control group, the acellular dermal matrix was grafted with the basement membrane facing toward the perichondrium. On the contrary, the acellular dermal matrix was grafted with the basement membrane facing toward the skin side in the experimental group I. In the experimental group II, the acellular dermal matrix was grafted like rolled configuration with basement membrane side in. The grafted site was picked at 3, 7, and 21 days after the graft. Serial sections were processed by H-E stain and examined under light microscopy to assess the healing patterns. Results: There was no distinct volume loss in the gross examination, but resorption was observed from the edge of the acellular dermal matrix in the histological examination. The space of resorption was replaced by the newly formed fibrous tissues and vessels. The inflammatory cells were more increased at 7 days after the graft than the early days. However, inflammation was decreased at 21 days after the graft. Regardless of the graft direction, no differences were observed between the control and the experimental group I in the healing patterns. Conclusion: These results suggest that the acellular dermal matrix can be used simply and effectively without regard to the graft direction as a substitute of autogenous material for repairing soft tissue defect.

• 대한치과보철학회지
• /
• 제55권2호
• /
• pp.198-204
• /
• 2017

악안면부의 결손은 선천적으로 결손을 가지고 있거나 외상이나 수술적인 절제 등에 의한 후천적 원인에 의해 발생할 수 있다. 특히 구강 내 결손을 가진 환자 중 상악의 결손과 연관되어 있는 경우가 높은 비중을 차지하고 있으며 보철적 치료의 필요성이 높다. 하악의 부분적 결손을 가질 경우 기능적 회복에 상당한 한계점을 보이나 양측 턱관절이 정상적으로 남아 있을 경우 국소의치를 이용한 악안면 보철물을 제작함으로써 양호한 결과를 기대할 수 있다. 본 증례의 환자는 58세 남자 환자로서 안면부 총상으로 인한 구개부 및 좌측 하악 구치부 결손을 가진 분으로 obturator와 하악 RPD 재제작을 위해 내원하였다. 환자의 상악 결손 범위는 Aramany 분류법 Class IV에 해당되는 상태이며, 하악은 Cantor와 Curtis 분류법 Type V resection 상태이다. 상, 하악의 우측 구치부가 잔존하였으나, 수술 후 악골 변형으로 인해 서로 교합되지 않았으며 치주상태 불량으로 인한 동요도도 존재하는 상태였다. Obturator의 유지를 위해 잔존 지대치를 최대한 활용하였고 안정적인 교합이 형성되도록 치아를 배열하였다. 하악 RPD는 하악 절제술로 변형된 연조직에 적합하도록 제한된 범위를 피개하는 RPD를 제작하였다. 이에 환자분의 저작, 연하, 발음 기능이 많이 개선되었으며 만족할 만한 결과를 보여주어 본 증례를 발표하는 바이다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제35권1호
• /
• pp.20-23
• /
• 2010

마우스가드는 19세기 복싱선수들의 구강내 열상과 연조직의 외상을 막기 위해 사용되었다. 최근에는 치과영역에서 다양하게 사용되고 있으며, 운동 보호 장치, 미백용 장치물, 교정용 유지 장치, 수술용 가이드 장치, 턱관절 안정 장치물 등에 쓰이고 있다. 습관적인 이 악물기에 의한 반복적인 5급 수복물의 탈락은 우선 이 악물기에 의한 스트레스를 조절한 후 수복이 이루어져야 한다. 마우스가드는 이 악물기에 의한 스트레스를 조절하는 장치물로 사용할 수 있다. 본 증례에서는 마우스가드로 치아에 가해지는 스트레스는 감소시키는 것에 대해 논의 할 것이다. 마우스가드를 사용함으로써 반복적인 탈락을 나타내는 5급 수복물의 유지에 단기적으로 만족스러운 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 만약 환자 및 치과의사가 이 악물기로 반복적인 탈락을 나타내는 수복물로 고생하고 있다면, 마우스가드의 보조적인 사용이 치경부 수복물의 유지에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.337-343
• /
• 1991

엽산의 항비타민제인 9-methyl folate가 흰 쥐의 엽산 대사에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여, Sprague-dawley 암컷 쥐를 엽산 결핍식이군, 대조군, x-methyl folate 투여군으로 나누어 실험하였다. 9-methyl folate는 실험동물에게 엽산 결핍증을 유발시키는 x-methyl folate의 성분 가운데 주된 항비타민제이며, 본 실험에서는 식이 1kg당 5g의 x-methyl folate를 첨가하였다. x-methyl folate를 실험동물에게 먹였을 때 히스티딘의 산화속도와 간장내의 엽산 농도가 크게 저하되었으며, $[^{3}H]folate$를 복강에 투여한 후 24시간 내에 간장에 보유되는 엽산의 양도 x-methyl folate 투여군에 있어 유의적인 감소를 보였다. 이 실험 결과에서 9-methyl folate는 흰 쥐에 있어 엽산이 간으로 유입되어 보유되는 과정을 저해하므로써 간장 내의 엽산의 양을 저하시키며, 그 결과 히스티딘의 산화속도도 저하된 것으로 보인다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
• /
• 제47권2호
• /
• pp.100-107
• /
• 2017

Objective: To analyze the long-term changes in maxillary arch widths and buccal corridor ratios in orthodontic patients treated with and without premolar extractions. Methods: The study included 53 patients who were divided into the extraction (n = 28) and nonextraction (n = 25) groups. These patients had complete orthodontic records from the pretreatment (T1), posttreatment (T2), and postretention (T3) periods. Their mean retention and postretention times were 4 years 2 months and 17 years 8 months, respectively. Dental models and smiling photographs from all three periods were digitized to compare the changes in three dental arch width measurements and three buccal corridor ratios over time between the extraction and nonextraction groups. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance tests. Post-hoc multiple comparisons were made using Bonferroni correction. Results: Soft-tissue extension during smiling increased with age in both groups. The maximum dental width to smile width ratio (MDW/SW) also showed a favorable increase with treatment in both groups (p < 0.05), and remained virtually stable at T3 (p > 0.05). According to the MDW/SW ratio, the mean difference in the buccal corridor space of the two groups was $2.4{\pm}0.2%$ at T3. Additionally, no significant group ${\times}$ time interaction was found for any of the buccal corridor ratios studied. Conclusions: Premolar extractions did not negatively affect transverse maxillary arch widths and buccal corridor ratios. The long-term outcome of orthodontic treatment was comparable between the study groups.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제50권2호
• /
• pp.97-105
• /
• 2020

Purpose: The present retrospective clinical study aimed to evaluate and compare the clinical and radiographic parameters, complications, and satisfaction in patients who received fixed prostheses supported by narrow-diameter implants (NDIs) in the anterior and posterior jaw. Methods: Patients aged ≥30 years who had NDI-supported fixed prostheses in the anterior or posterior region of either jaw for at least 2 years were included. Complications such as chipping of the crown; loosening or fracture of the screw, crown abutment, or implant; and loss of retention were recorded. Clinical peri-implant outcomes and crestal bone loss (CBL) were measured. A questionnaire was used to record responses regarding the aesthetics and function of the fixed restorations. Analysis of variance was used to assess the significance of between-group mean comparisons. The log-rank test was performed to analyze the influence of location and prosthesis type on technical complications. Results: Seventy-one patients (mean age: 39.6 years) provided informed consent with a mean follow-up duration of 53 months. Only bleeding on probing showed a statistically significant difference between NDIs in the anterior and posterior regions. The complication rate for NDIs in the posterior region was significantly higher than that for NDIs in the anterior region (P=0.041). For NDIs, CBL was significantly higher around splinted crowns than single crowns (P=0.022). Overall mean patient satisfaction was 10.34±3.65 on a visual analogue scale. Conclusions: NDIs in the anterior and posterior jaws functioned equally well in terms of periimplant soft and hard tissue health and offered acceptable patient satisfaction and reasonable complication rates.

• BMB Reports
• /
• 제39권5호
• /
• pp.586-594
• /
• 2006

Germinal centers (GCs) have been identified as site at which the somatic mutation of immunoglobulins occurs. However, somatic mutations in immunoglobulins have also been observed in animals that normally do not harbor germinal centers. This clearly indicates that somatic mutations can occur in the absence of germinal centers. We therefore attempted to determine whether or not GCs exist in TNFR1-deficient mice, and are essential for the somatic mutation of immunoglobulins, using (4-hydroxy-3-nitropheny)acetyl-ovalbumin (NP-OVA). Both wild-type and TNFR1-deficient mice were immunized with NPOVA, and then examined with regard to the existence of GCs. No typical B-cell follicles were detected in the TNFR1-deficient mice. Cell proliferation was detected throughout all splenic tissue types, and no in vivo immune-complex retention was observed in the TNFR1-deficient mice. All of these data strongly suggest that no GCs were formed in the TNFR1-deficient mice. Although TNFR1-deficient mice are unable to form GCs, serological analyses indicated that affinity maturation had been achieved in both the wild-type and TNFR1-deficient mice. We therefore isolated and sequenced several DNA clones from wild-type and the TNFR1-deficient mice. Eight out of 12 wild-type clones, and 11 out of 14 clones of the TNFR-1-deficient mice contained mutations at the CDR1 site. Thus, the wild-type and TNFR1-deficient mice were not extremely different with regard to types and rates of somatic mutation. Also, high-affinity antibodies were detected in both types of mice. Collectively, our data appear to show that affinity maturation may occur in TNFR1-deficient mice, which completely lack GCs.