• 약학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.12-29
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• 1964

The oral administration of deer horn extract was proved to cause a considerable amelioration to the impairment of hepatic oxidative phosphorylation and to the decrease of ATP content in liver tissue induced by cholesterol ingestion. Deer horn extract was shown to accelerate considerably incorporation of acetate-1-C$^{14}$ into cholesterol in liver tissue and it tends to restore a decrease of GOT activity of liver tissue, caused by cholesterol administration. Histological examination showed that deer horn extract had a remarkable preventive effect against fatty infiltration of organs such as liver, heart, spleen, and adrenal gland of cholesterol given rabbits.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.330-336
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• 2008

We investigated the effect of a green seaweed Capsosiphon fulvescens extract (CFE) on the serum, liver tissue, and fecal cholesterol levels in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (four weeks old) were given on of three diets for four weeks: basal, high cholesterol, and CFE, The total serum and liver tissue cholesterol levels in the CFE group were significantly decreased compared to those in the cholesterol group. The CFE group showed increased amounts of feces, total fecal bile acid and dietary fiber as compared to basal and cholesterol group. Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed fat droplets in the livers of the rats in the cholesterol group; however, a decreased number of droplets was observed in the rats fed the CFE diet. Our results suggest that CFE supplementation may improve lipid metabolism, by controling serum and liver tissue cholesterol levels, and by increasing the total amounts of bile acid, dietary fiber and cholesterol excretion in feces.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.187-194
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• 1997

The effects of diet induced hyperlipidemia on kidney function were studied in Sprague-Dawley rats fed high fat diet containing 20% beef tallow and high cholesterol diet containing 5% cholesterol for 8, 12, 16 weeks, respectively. The concentrations of serum total lipid, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were significantly high cholesterol diet groups during all experimental periods (p<0.05). HDL-cholesterol concentration was the lowest value in high cholesterol diet group of 16 weeks(p<0.05). Triglyceride concentration was not affected by experimental diets. Serum total protein, albumin and creatinine concentration tended to higher in high cholesterol diet groups than those in high fat diet groups. And serum urea-N concentration was higher in high fat diet group of 16 weeks than that in other diet groups. Urinary total protein and urea-N were higher in high cholesterol diet groups than those in other diet groups regardless of experimental period period. There was no significant difference in urinary creatinine concentratin among diet groups(p<0.05). GFR was lower in high cholesterol diet groups than that in high fat diet groups at 8, 16 weeks, respectively. Wet weight per body weight, total lipid, triglyceride, total cholesterol concentations of liver tissue were apparently high in high cholesterol diet groups(p<0.05). Kidney wet weight per body weight wer not affected by experimently diets, total lipid concentration of kidney tissue was significantly high in high fat diet groups of 12 weeks(p<0.05), kidney tissue triglyceride concentrations of high cholesterol diet groups of 12, 16 weeks apparently low, and total cholesterol concentration of kidney tissue was higher in experimental diet groups than that of control groups at 12, 16 weeks(p<0.05). Fecal excretion, total lipid, triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations of feces were markedly high in all high cholesterol diet groups except high fat diet group of 16 weeks. The results of light microscopic examination indicated that glomerulosclerosis was not obsrved in rats fed experimental diets.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.625-631
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• 2014

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a high cholesterol (HC) dietary challenge on cholesterol tissue accumulation, inflammation, adipocyte differentiation, and macrophage infiltration in guinea pigs. A second objective was to assess whether macronutrient manipulation would reverse these metabolic alterations. MATERIALS/METHODS: Male Hartley guinea pigs (10/group) were assigned to either low cholesterol (LC) (0.04g/100g) or high cholesterol (HC) (0.25g/100g) diets for six weeks. For the second experiment, 20 guinea pigs were fed the HC diet for six weeks and then assigned to either a low carbohydrate (CHO) diet (L-CHO) (10% energy from CHO) or a high CHO diet (H-CHO) (54% CHO) for an additional six weeks. RESULTS: Higher concentrations of total (P < 0.005) and free (P < 0.05) cholesterol were observed in both adipose tissue and aortas of guinea pigs fed the HC compared to those in the LC group. In addition, higher concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the adipose tissue (P < 0.005) and lower concentrations of anti-inflammatory interleukin (IL)-10 were observed in the HC group (P < 0.05) compared to the LC group. Of particular interest, adipocytes in the HC group were smaller in size (P < 0.05) and showed increased macrophage infiltration compared to the LC group. When compared to the H-CHO group, lower concentrations of cholesterol in both adipose and aortas as well as lower concentrations of inflammatory cytokines in adipose tissue were observed in the L-CHO group (P < 0.05). In addition, guinea pigs fed the L-CHO exhibited larger adipose cells and lower macrophage infiltration compared to the H-CHO group. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study strongly suggest that HC induces metabolic dysregulation associated with inflammation in adipose tissue and that L-CHO is more effective than H-CHO in attenuating these detrimental effects.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.746-760
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• 2009

Objectives : This study was designed to evaluate the effect of Hasuogamibang (HGB) on hyperlipidemia and antioxidant activity. Methods : For this study, we divided four groups of rats (normal WKY group, normal SHR group, high cholesterol diet and saline-treated SHR group, high cholesterol diet and HGB-treated SHR group), and observed the change of body weight, weight of liver, cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, albumin, histologic change of liver and aorta, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activity of liver tissue, and cholesterol gene revelation control efficiency. Results : Total-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides were decreased significantly by HGB. However, HDL-cholesterol increased significantly. The tissue of liver and aorta were controlled defect by HGB on histologic study. Lipid peroxidation and SOD of liver tissue was decreased significantly by HGB. Gene revelation of ACAT and HMG CoA reductase in hepatic tissue was decreased significantly by HGB. Conclusion : This study suggests that HOB is significantly effective on hyperlipidemia and antioxidant activity.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.72-84
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• 1998

본 연구는 생후 4주령의 Sprague Dawley 흰쥐 47마리를 대상으로 2% 콜레스테롤 식이와 정상식이 그리고 여러가지 강도의 유산소운동(트래드밀 런닝)과 비운동을 실시하여 혈청지질과 adipose tissue를 분석해서 다음과 같은 경과를 얻었다. 1. 콜레스테롤식이에 의해 형중T-C치가 유의하게 증가되었으나 유산소성운동에 의해 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 2. 콜레스테롤식이에 의해 혈중 HDL-C와 LDL이 약간 증가야였으나, 유산소성운동에 의해 모두 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. LDL/HDL-C는 간한 운동을 한 CRA군에서만 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 3. 콜레스테롤식이에 의해 혈액중의 phospholipid 및 triglyceride는 감소하는 경향을 나태내었으나, 유산소성운동에 의해 약간 증가하는 경향을 나태내었다. 4. 정상식이군에서 유산소성운동에 의해 adipose tissue가 유의하게 감소되었으며, 콜레스테롤 식이군에서도 유산소성운동에 의해 adipdse tissue가 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 이상과 같은 연구결과를 통하여 유산소성운동이 콜레스테롤식이에 의해 증가도니 혈중 총콜레스테롤을 저하시키며, 동백경과 위험인자인 LDL은 낮추어 동맥경화성 질병을 예방할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.26-42
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• 1976

The oral admistration of deer horn extract was proved to cause a considerable amelioration to the impairment of hepatic oxidative phosphorylation and to the decrease of ATP content in liver tissue induced by cholesterol ingestion. Deer horn extract was shown to accelerate considerably incorporation of $acetate-1-C^{14}$ into cholesterol in liver tissue and it tends to restore a decrease of GOT activity of liver tissue, caused by cholesterol administration. Histological examination showed that deer horn extract had a remakable preventive effect aginst fatty infiltration of organgs such as liver, heart, spleen, and adrenal gland of cholesterol given rabbits.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제34권10호
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• pp.1553-1558
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• 2005

Polymannuronate를 첨가한 사료를 흰쥐에 각각 기초식이군, 콜레스테롤식이군과 5$\%$ polymannuronate가 함유된 콜레스테롤식이군을 4주간 급이한 후 혈청, 간장조직 및 분변에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 콜레스테롤식이군에 비해 polymannuronate식이군에서는 혈청 및 간장조직의 총콜레스테롤 함량이 유의적으로 감소하였으며, 간장조직 중의 지방분포도 동일한 경향을 보였다. Polymannuronate식이군은 콜레스테롤식이군보다 일일 분변량이 유의적으로 증가하였는데, polymannuronate가 답즙산 및 콜레스테롤과 결합하여 분변으로 배출되어 분변 중의 총담즙산과 총콜레스테롤 및 총식이섬유 함량이 증가한 것으로 보여진다. 이상의 결과에서, polymannuronate는 체내에서 담즙산 및 총콜레스테롤과 결합하여 분변 중으로 배출함으로써 흰쥐의 혈청 및 간장조직 중의 총콜레스테롤 함량을 감소시켜 지질개선의 효과를 나타내는 것으로 보여 진다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제35권10호
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• pp.1023-1030
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• 2002

This study was conducted to examine the effects of dietary xylooligosaccharides on lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activitiy in epididymal adipose tissue and lipid composition in serum of rats fed normal or high fat diet. Male Sprague-Dawley male rats weighing 100 $\pm$ 10 g were randomly divided into four groups, two normal diets and two high fat diets containing 1% cholesterol and 10% lard. Two normal diets were classified into a basal diet (normal group) and that with 10% xylooligosaccharide diet (NX group). The high fat diet groups were classified into a HF group without xylooligosaccharides diet and HFX group supplemented with 10% xylooligosacchride diet. Experimental diets were fed ad libitum to the rats for 4 weeks and then they were sacrificed. Body weight, epididymal weight and abdominal weight in HF group were hevier than the those of normal group, but HFX group was significantly reduced compared to HF group. Relative body weight to epididymal weight and relative body weight to abdominal weight in HF group were increased to 50%, 51%, respectively, compared to normal group, but HFX group was reduced 22%, 16%, respectively, compared to HF group. The levels of serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and atherogenic index in HFX groups were significantly lower than those of HF group, whereas HDL-cholesterol levels were significant increased. Triglyceride contents of epididymal adipose tissue in HF group was increased to 39%, compared to normal group, but HFX group was reduced to 15.8%, compared to HF group. Cholesterol contents of epididymal adipose tissue in HF group was increased 121%, compared to normal group, but HFX group was reduced to 26%, compared to HF group. The activity of LPL in epididymal adipose tissue was increased to 259% in HF group, compared to normal group and HFX group was reduced to 66%, compared to HF group. These result of this study suggested that improved lipid metabolism observed in rats fed xylooligosaccharides may be caused by an alteration of LPL activity in epididymal adipose tissue and lipid composition in serum.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.813-828
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• 2010

Objective : Yegangji-tang (YJT) is noted in China as effective medicine for hyperlipidemia. This experiment was performed to determine the effects of Yegangji-tang (銳降脂湯: YJT) on antioxidant activity and hyperlipidemia induced by hypercholesterolemic diet in mice. Methods : We observed three experimental groups: normal, control, and treatment. Rats were provided a normal diet in the normal group, and the other groups were provided a hypercholesterolemic diet to induce hyperlipidemia. After 2 weeks, YJT was treated to the treatment group. We observed the change of body and liver weight, change of serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activity of liver tissue, cholesterol gene revelation control efficiency, and histologic change of liver and abdominal aorta. Results : Total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides decreased significantly with YJT, whereas HDL cholesterol increased significantly. Lipid peroxidation decreased and antioxidant activity of the liver increased significantly. Gene revelation of ACAT and HMG-CoA reductase in hepatic tissue decreased significantly with YJT. We also found that tissue defects of the liver and abdominal aorta were controlled by YJT on histologic study. Conclusion : These results suggest that YJT might be effective in treatment and prevention of hyperlipidemia.