• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.15 no.8 s.101
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• pp.897-903
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• 2005

When driving on uniformly tining concrete pavement road, the whine noise which has high spectrum at the specific frequency related to the uniform tining space exist. In this paper, a randomization method of tining space for concrete pavements is proposed to reduce the whine noise. The proposed method is developed based on the LCG(linear congruential generator) algorithm. The design parameters used in the method are number of different tining space, ratio of each tining space, total linings of each size. sequence of actual tining under given constant drag length and texture. Monte Carlo simulations are used to validate the proposed method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.741-744
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• 2004

In concrete pavements with uniform tining space, the whine noise which has high frequency spectrum related to the uniform tining space exist. In this paper, randomization procedure of tining space for concrete pavements is proposed. The proposed procedure developed based on the LCG(Linear Congruential Generator) algorithm. And the factor concerned in the procedure are drag span length, number of different tining space, ratio of each tining space, total tinings of each size, sequence of actual tining.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.7 no.4 s.26
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• pp.125-140
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• 2005

This study suggests a suitable random transverse tining for reduction tire/road noise from concrete pavement. Through literature reviews, random transverse tining that can disperse the energy concentrated to the specific frequency was suggested using the LCG(linear congruential generators) algorithm. The spacing of tining from this study is applied to Daegu-Pohang express highway. For the purpose oi comparison, two other random tining sections were included that are research products from Chung-Ang university and Wisconsin DOT. In result of pass-by noise measurement by car, though designed section is superior to the others as noise reduction by reducing pitch noise, the effectiveness is not large. In case of traffic noise measurement, lower noise was observed at random transverse tining sections than uniformly transverse tining section, too. But there are seine differences between pass-by noise and traffic noise.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07c
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• pp.1581-1582
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• 2006

본 논문은 그루빙(grooving), 타이닝(tining), 텍스쳐(texture) 등의 포장도로의 표면 상태를 차량에 장착된 고성능의 레이저 변위센서를 사용하여 주행 중에 정밀하게 측정하는 도로 표면 측정 장비 개발에 관한 논문이다. 본 논문에서는 전체 시스템을 설계 및 시험제작 하였으며, 차량 주행을 모사한 실험 모형을 이용한 실내 실험 및 시험도로에서의 실제 도로 표면 측정 실험을 실시하였다. 실내 포장도면 모사장비를 이용한 실험 결과 타이닝 폭 오차 2%, 깊이 오차 4%(60km/h)를 얻었으며, 실외에서 차량에 레이저센서를 장착 후 측정한 실험에서는 폭 오차 3.24%, 깊이 오차 5% (50km/h)가 측정되었다. 이러한 실험 결과를 토대로 시험도로 상의 실제 도로 표면 측정 실험에서는 25mm, 18mm, 26mm, 그리고 임의의 간격의 횡 방향 및 종 방향 타이닝을 측정하였고 이를 확인하였다.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.6 no.4 s.22
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• pp.35-43
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• 2004

Skid resistance is an important factor that control braking distance and secure safety by preventing slipperiness between tire and pavement surface. Decrease of skid resistance at wet condition may cause fatal traffic accidents. Dirt materials such as sand and do-icings on the road surface also can be a factor for decrease skid resistance. This study makes an investigation into influence of skid resistance between varied cement concrete pavements about surface texturing method(transverse tining, longitudinal tining, exposed aggregate surface texturing method) and wearing condition of pavement surface texture(new constructed pavement's surface, wore pavement's surface) using accelerate concrete pavement wearing tester when remains of dirt material are obtained between tire and road surface on PCC pavement. As dirt material on road surface of concrete pavement, sand, calcium chloride and old oil were used with different amount of each cases.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.461-464
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• 2003

Portland Cement Concrete (PCC) pavements have the advantage of durability and superior surface friction when compared to most dense-graded asphalt. However, data collected to date generally show PCC pavements to create more noise than asphaltic surfaces. As the results of research, surfaces of exposed aggregate, tining and grooving concrete pavements appear to provide better noise quality characteristics as well as good frictional characteristics and durability. In this paper, several methods of texturing were considered to reduce tire/pavement noise. As the results of this paper, PCC pavements with special texturing have superior surface friction as well as noise reductions when compared to conventional PCC pavement. Especially, Exposed Aggregate Concrete (EAC) surface appears to provide better noise quality characteristics. Conclusively, if overall noise and safety are considered simultaneously, EAC pavement that provides satisfactory friction as well as better noise reductions is suggested.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.295-302
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• 2000

Slab guideway, surface treatment, heat line installation, and joint connection for Automated Guideway Transit with rubber tire are researched. While the AGT with rubber tire is constructed in city, the precast slab guideway must be considered a reduction of the construction period and the noise under construction. which related with environment. To do that, a basic design and the structural analysis for the precast slab guideway with rubber tire are studied. The surface treatment and the heat line installation of that are also compared with currently used methods. Tining method is applied to the surface treatment adopted from the concrete pavement application currently in use. The connection method between the slab of bridge and precast guideway are suggested with a bolt type and a bond type. To minimize noise and vibration of the connection while the AGT is in driving, the slop connection method can be enhanced the serviceability.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.47-53
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• 2024

This study investigates the noise reduction effects of various road pavement methods to mitigate traffic noise caused by the increasing proximity between roads and residential areas in urban environments. The noise characteristics of four types of road pavement-Dense Asphalt Concrete (DAC), Double Layer Porous Asphalt Concrete (DLPAC), Transverse Tining Concrete (TTC), and Exposed Aggregate Concrete (EAC)-were evaluated using CPX close-proximity noise and pass-by noise measurements. The CPX measurements showed that noise levels increased logarithmically with vehicle speed for all pavements. Specifically, DLPAC demonstrated higher noise levels in the low-frequency range below 800 Hz and lower noise levels in the high-frequency range, which is attributed to resonance effects within the internal pores of the pavement and the reduction of compression and expansion noise. In pass-by noise measurements, DLPAC exhibited higher low-frequency noise compared to DAC, likely due to pavement durability deterioration and the influence of external environmental noise. The results indicate that the CPX measurement method is more effective in evaluating road noise performance as it better reflects the impact of vehicle speed. However, since the study was conducted under limited site conditions, further research across various sites and conditions is necessary to enhance reliability.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.61-68
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• 2013

PURPOSES : The purpose of this study is to study the noise reducing effect of Micro Surfacing by comparing general asphalt, longitudinal tining and Slurry Seal. METHODS : This study measures vehicles' noise of each section by the NCPX method that can measure noise between the road surface and the tire at the field. Total sound pressure and sound pressure level by the 1/3 octave band frequency are calculated through the field data of each section. Total sound pressure level is compared by ANOVA test statistically. After ANOVA test, post-hoc test is conducted to know mean difference of surface type by Tukey. RESULTS : As the result of CPB analysis to confirm sound pressure levels by frequency, it was shown that sound pressure levels by frequency are totally similar except for those of frequency bands between 100Hz and 500Hz. The result of ANOVA test and post-hoc test, it was shown that sections of surface type have a difference. The result of Micro Surfacing was lower 2~5dB(A) than other surface type. CONCLUSIONS : It is found that the noise reduction performance of Micro Surfacing was better than other surface type.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.160-163
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• 1992

Killer toxin from killer yeast fusant FWKS 260 developed by protoplast fusion between the wild killer yeast and alcohol-fermenting yeast was purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation. Amicon PM I0 concentration. Sephadex G-200 and Scphadcx G-75 column chromatography. The purified killer toxin showed a single band by SIX-polyacvlamide gel electrophoresis. The protein part of killer toxin was active site. which was found by treating the proteolytic enzyme such as pronase E and pepsin to killer toxin. The killer toxin was stable at pH 2.0-5.0 and 20$^{\circ}$C. but inactivated with increasing temperature. The molecular weight was determined to be approximately 13.000 according to the results obtained from the SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. It was confirmed that the purified killer toxin is glycoprotein by showing a red single band after st'tining with Schiffs reagent.