• MALSORI
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• no.59
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• pp.69-87
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• 2006

Among the conventional time-scale modification (TSM) methods, the synchronized overlap and add (SOLA) method is widely used due to its good performance relative to computational complexity But the SOLA method remains complex due to its synchronization procedure using the normalized cross-correlation function. In this paper, we introduce a computationally efficient SOLA method utilizing 3 level center clipping method, as well as zero-crossing and level-crossing information. The result of subjective preference test indicates that the proposed method can reduce the computational complexity by over 80% compared with the conventional SOLA method without serious degradation of synthesized speech quality.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.191-197
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• 2006

Prepare need in each branch for a large scale event. especially prepare for transportation problem is very important. most research for until at now parking prepare according city management however, parking prepare for large event is a necessity which it will parking characteristic. accordingly this research is conducted study for parking prepare subject of large event. this study result, vehicle demand for parking by stadium have many but vehicle demand for parking off stadium have few. accordingly large parking supply is ineffective. shuttle bus service in principal position of city is effective. study result showed that it included 85% parking at 6~7hour before large event start time. accordingly disposition time of parking manager is desirable 6~7hour before large event start time.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to develope the scale for measuring the five languages of couples. A 50 item instrument was analyzed with responses from 100 persons(50 couples) dwelling in Kwangju. Data were analyzed by the method of Pearson＇s Cronbach＇ $\alpha$ test. Items were loaded five categories such as quality time, words of affirmation, receiving gift, acts of service and physical touch. The test is shown to have internal consistency reliability and satisfactory content validity. The result proposed the 27 items constructed scale. (Korean J Human Ecology 1(2):1~11. 1998)

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.309-326
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• 1996

The purpose of the study was to preset the relationships between role conflict and psychological/physical distress of dual/earner families in Pusan. the questionnaire was composed of socio-economic status, wives' work time, spouse's emotional support scale, husbands' housework participation, role conflict scale, psychologica/physical distress scale. The major findings were as follows : 1. The level of role conflict and psychological/physical distress were higher among wives than among husbands. 2. Role conflict were the most important factor affecting the level of psychological/physical distress directly. 3. Wives' psychological/physical distress were significantly affected by role conflict and socio-economic status directly. Wives' psychological/physical distress were affected by wives' work time, husbands' emotional support, husbands' housework participation indirectly. 4. Husbands' psychological distress was significantly affected by role conflict and husbands' housework participation directly. Husbands' physical distress was significantly affected by role conflict directly. Husbands' psychological/physical distress were affected by wives' work time, wives' emotional support indirectly.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.293-304
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• 2019

In the present paper, the element free Galerkin (EFG) method is developed for geometrically nonlinear analysis of deep beams considering small scale effect. To interpret the behavior of structure at the nano scale, the higher-order gradient elasticity nonlocal theory is taken into account. The radial point interpolation method with high order of continuity is used to construct the shape functions. The nonlinear equation of motion is derived using the principle of the minimization of total potential energy based on total Lagrangian approach. The Newmark method with the small time steps is used to solve the time dependent equations. At each time step, the iterative Newton-Raphson technique is applied to minimize the residential forces caused by the nonlinearity of the equations. The effects of nonlocal parameter and aspect ratio on stiffness and dynamic parameters are discussed by numerical examples. This paper furnishes a ground to develop the EFG method for large deformation analysis of structures considering small scale effects.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.758-771
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• 2021

This paper presents a novel control scheme for the three-dimensional (3D) path following of underactuated Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUVs) subject to unknown internal and external disturbances, in term of the time scale decomposition method. As illustration, two-time scale motions are first artificially forced into the closed-loop control system, by appropriately selecting the control gain of the integrator. Using the singular perturbation theory, the integrator is considered as a fast dynamical control law that designed to shape the space configuration of fast variable. And then the stabilizing controller is designed in the reduced model independently, based on the time scale decomposition method, leading to a relatively simple control law. The stability of the resultant closed-loop system is demonstrated by constructing a composite Lyapunov function. Finally, simulation results are provided to prove the efficacy of the proposed controller for path following of underactuated AUVs under internal and external disturbances.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.433-440
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• 2001

Marine organisms in Antarctica live in an environment which exhibits variability in physical processes over a wide range of temporal scales, from seconds to millennia. This time scale tends to be correlated with the spatial scale over which a given process operates, though this relationship is influenced by biology. The way organisms respond to variability in the physical environment depends on the time-scale of that variability in relation to life-span. Short-term variations are perceived largely as noise and probably have little direct impact on ecology. Of much greater importance to organisms in Antarctica are seasonal and decadal variations. Although seasonality has long been recognised as a key feature of polar environments, the realization that decadal scale variability is important is relatively recent. Long-term change has always been a feature of polar environments and may be a key factor in the evolution of the communities we see today.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1992.07a
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• pp.276-278
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• 1992

This paper presents a method of hierachical optimal control for time invariant large scale systems via Single Term Walsh Series. It is well known that the optimal control of a large scale system with quadratic performance criteria often involves the determination of time varying feedback gain matrix by solving the matrix Riccati differential equation, which is usually quite difficult. Therefore, in order to solve the problem, this paper is introduced to Single Term Walsh Series. The advantages of proposed method are simple and attractive for the control of large scale system in computation.

• Proceedings of the KWS Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.235-238
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• 2009

To study the relationship between spark ignition and the gap in the nano-scale region, the electric potential was applied to between a Pt-Ir tip and a gold substrate. The tip was sharpened by electro-chemical etching process in the solution of $CaCl_2;H_2O$ and acetone. The radius of tip was measured to be around 200nm and attached to the scanning probe microscope to control the gap between the tip and the substrate. The electric potential of 10V to 80V was applied to initialize the spark. The gaps and the current profile were measured to analyze the characteristics of spark ignition. A spark sustaining time was measured to be between 50ns and 200ns depending on the applied electric potential and the gap between the electrodes. The continuous electric discharge was successfully sustained up to 1 second of spark or arc time. The developed process can be applicable to the micro-scale fabrication of automotive sensors as a similar concept of GTAW.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.695-699
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• 2005

Propriety of PERT network for planning and management in large-scale systems was investigated. We also review the example of small and middle size system to compare the appropriateness of PERT analysis method. For comparing the appropriateness of PERT analysis method the calculation time, and the variances were estimated. Eventualy, we proposed the criteria of PERT analysis method for planning and management large-scale systems.