• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제33권10호
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• pp.665-669
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• 2009

수역에서 항행할 시, 선박운항자는 위험을 회피하기 위해 타와 주기관 사용 등 여러 가지 조종요소를 사용하게 된다. 그 때 어느 정도의 조작량을 사용하는 가에 관해서는 선박운항자 개인의 특성에 따라 그 사용량 및 빈도는 달라지게 된다. 그러나 이러한 조종 요소의 빈번한 사용은 선박운항자에게 일정한 부하를 주게 될 것으로 생각된다. 본 연구에서는 이 부하를 조종부하로 정의하고, 교각이 설치된 직선 항로를 통항하는 시뮬레이터 실험을 통하여 조선 곤란성과의 관계를 접근하고자 하였다. 사용한 변수 항목으로는 우회와 감속과 이러한 조종 행동에 따른 항행시간 연장률 및 조선 곤란성(Environmental Stress) 수치를 이용하였다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.281-291
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• 2019

Objectives: The validity of instruments measuring socioeconomic position (SEP) has been a major area of concern in research on cardiovascular health disparities. The purpose of this systematic review is to identify the current status of the methods used to measure SEP in research on cardiovascular health disparities in Korea and to provide directions for future research. Methods: Relevant articles were obtained through electronic database searches with manual searches of reference lists and no restriction on the date of publication. SEP indicators were categorized into compositional, contextual, composite, and life-course measures. Results: Forty-eight studies published from 2003 to 2018 satisfied the review criteria. Studies utilizing compositional measures mainly relied on a limited number of SEP parameters. In addition, these measures hardly addressed the time-varying and subjective features of SEP. Finding valid contextual measures at the organizational, community, and societal levels that are appropriate to Korea's context remains a challenge, and these are rarely modeled simultaneously. Studies have rarely focused on composite and life-course measures. Conclusions: Future studies should develop and utilize valid compositional and contextual measures and appraise social patterns that vary across time, place, and culture using such measures. Studies should also consider multilevel influences, adding a focus on the interactions between different levels of intertwined SEP factors to advance the design of research. More attention should be given to composite and life-course measures.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.265-270
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• 2006

Objective : Microvascular decompression[MVD] at root exit zone[REZ] of the facial nerve has been largely popularized and it has become the standard treatment for patients with hemifacial spasm[HFS]. This sturdy is performed to evaluate the efficacy of MVD over the course of time. Methods : From 1994 to 2003, 50 patients with HFS who underwent MVD were followed up for more than 6 months. We retrospectively analyzed results with medical records and telephone researches. Results : The mean age of patients at the time operation was 57.6 years and 84% of the patients were female. The mean duration of follow-up after operation was 3.4 years [range $0.5{\sim}7.8\;years$]. One day after MVD, 54% of patients had complete relief of spasm immediately. Continuous improvements of HFS were observed during the follow-up period and these improvements were statistically significant with time (P< 0.05). Until 6 months after operation, complete relief of spasm was observed in 84% of patients. The delayed relief of spasm was observed in 35.7% of our patients who experienced complete relief. Conclusion : The efficacy of MVD in HFS is improves with time. Continuous follow-up evaluations for the duration of more than at least 6 months after MVD are important for the decision of its clinical results because delayed relief of spasms occurs.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.245-248
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• 2008

Objective : This study is to investigate time course of symptom disappearance in patients whose spasm relieved completely after microvascular decompression (MVD). Methods : Of 115 patients with hemifacial spasm (HFS) who underwent MVD from April 2003 to December 2006, 89 patients who had no facial paralysis after operation and showed no spasm at last follow-up more than 1.5 years after operation were selected. Symptom disappearance with time after MVD was classified into type 1 (symptom disappearance right after operation), type 2 (delayed symptom disappearance) and type 3 (unusual symptom disappearance). Type 2 was classified into type 2a (with postoperative silent period) and type 2b (without silent period). Results : Type 1, type 2a, type 2b and type 3 were 38.2%, 48.37%, 124% and 1.1%, respectively. Delayed disappearance group (type 2) was 60.7%. Post-operative symptom duration in all cases ranged from 0 to 900 days, average was 74.6 days and median was 14 days. In case of type 2, average post-operative symptom duration was 115.1 days and median was 42 days. Five and 3 patients required more than 1 year and 2 years, respectively, until complete disappearance of spasm. In type 2a, postoperative silent period ranged from 1 to 10 days, with an average of 24 days. Conclusion : Surgeons should be aware that delayed symptom disappearance after MVD for HFS is more common than it has been reported, silent period can be as long as 10 days and time course of symptom disappearance is various as well as unpredictable.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.154-158
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• 2007

As the technology developed, the system is being developed as the structure that is adapted to the intelligent environment. Therefore, the existing situation information system couldn't provide satisfactory service to the user as it provides service only by the information which it received from the sensor. This paper analyzed the problems of the existing user intention awareness system and suggested user intention awareness system to provide a stable and efficient service that fits to the intention of the user compensating this. This paper has collected the behavior data based on the scenario of the sequential behavior course of the user that occurs at breakfast time in the kitchen which is the home domain environment thai is closely related to our lives. This scenario course also showed the flow that the goal intentional user intention awareness system acted that it suggested, and showed the sequential course processing the user behavior data by tables and charts.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.346-354
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• 2012

In this paper, we argue that for general education in engineering, humanistic education is important, thus we propose an illustration of course outline. Recent general education for engineering is focused on only more practical, socially oriented courses, for example, business, law, economics, and entrepreneurship. While these courses are helpful for engineering students, humanistic education is more fundamental for improving the students' capacity for insight, originality and constructing the holistic view. We propose a course "Philosophy of Time and Space" as an example which fit this purpose.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.16-30
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• 1980

In is a recent trend of the world to study the integrated science curriculum development. This study aims at pursuing how to integrate physics and earthscience in high school course and forming a tentative plan as to an integrated process between both the subjects. The one was compared with the other accor ding to the basic concepts and theteaching objecties. The contents of these two subjects were analysed, the overlapping parts being chosen, and so in the hierachy of the curriculum, some mistakes were found in eaching these two two subjects. It proved valid to in tegrate these two subject. A concrete scheme was offered to in tegrate these two subjects-physics and earthscience, when a tentative plan concerning, the integra ted process was made. This new plan can make the time required for teaching decrease by 5% The better study on the basic structure of the integrated concepts between these two subjects will go on further in this respect. It is necessary to train again the teachres concerned with this new subject and to put an emphasis on the elective course between physics and earthscience in the teacher's college curriculum.

• 보존과학연구
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• 통권15호
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• pp.137-147
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• 1994

This article is an introduction to : ICCROM PAPERCONSERVATION COURSE 1993" which I participated in, from July 28th 1993 to September 24th. The program was divided into two major sections. The first part deal with scienctific principles of paper conservation, covering structure and composition of paper and related materials, causes of deterioration and guidelines for preservation. It include chemistry for paper conservators and the history and technology of papermaking. Second part of the course emphasize practical conservation ; participants actually work together with specialists. Two weeks are dedicated to the Western approach to paper conservation. A selection of recent conservation treatments are discussed methodologically, demonstrated and performed. The same amount of time are devorted to a seminar on the conservation of fareastern paper objects. The aim is to exporse participants to different approrches and methodologies in paper consevation, to compare and discuss various tendencies and to learn lessons from other experiences that are applicable to one's own work.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.116-123
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• 1999

It is generally considered that only questionnares, collected at the time when each course close, have been evaluated & represented for all of the subjects. But all the result of each course can be actually evaluated using only the data taken from how to apply for at the construction site or at the factory, directly, for the period of at least one year, not just short months. This study is to evaluate and quantify the result and analyses using the data from questionnare concerning the level practically applied to each process at construction site. 1st for three(3) months, 2nd for six(6) months, 3rd for nine(9) months, finally 4th for twelve (12) months, one year These questionnares have been distributed for same people four(4) times to find out what to, how to be applied with each subject.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2020

본 연구는 공업계열 직업계고 교원의 인식을 기반으로 과정평가형 자격 도입 가능성 및 운영 방안 마련을 위한 시사점을 도출하고자 하였다. 이를 위해서 이 연구에서는 공업계열 직업계고 교원의 과정평가형 자격에 대한 인식을 분석하고, 과정평가형 자격의 도입 가능성과 기대 효과에 대한 동의 정도, 그리고 과정평가형 자격 도입 시 고려해야 할 사항에 대한 중요도와 필요 정도를 분석하였다. 구체적인 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 공업계열 직업계고 교원의 과정평가형 자격 제도에 대한 이해 정도는 보통 수준이나, 도입 취지와 목적, 그리고 필요 정도에 대한 동의 정도는 낮았다. 둘째, 과정평가형 자격을 취득하였을 때 얻을 수 있는 기대효과로는 교육을 받는 동시에 자격 취득, 구체적이고 유의미한 수행의 관점에서 학습목표 제시, NCS 기반의 체계적 교육·훈련 경력 개발 및 형성 가능, 산업 현장 중심의 지식과 기술 습득 가능 순으로 나타났다. 셋째, 공업계열 직업계고에 과정평가형 자격을 도입할 때 고려해야 할 항목별 우선 순위를 도출하기 위하여 중요도와 필요 정도를 분석한 결과, 평균값보다 모두 높은 요구 영역으로는 과정평가형 자격 편성 시수 유연화, NCS 개정에 따른 적절한 경과 조치 마련, 필수능력단위 편성 시수 완화 등 인 것으로 나타났다.