• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제64권3호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2022

This study evaluated the impacts of subsurface drainage design, i.e., spacing and depth, on agricultural productivity and environmental sustainability in two tile-drained fields (Sites A and E) under a corn-soybean rotation in the Midwestern United States. A calibrated and validated Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM) was used to simulate Nitrate-N (nitrogen) losses to tile drainage and crop yields of 30 tile spacing and depth scenarios over 24 years (1992-2015). Our results presented that the narrower and deeper the tile drains are placed, the greater corn yield and Nitrate-N losses, indicating that the subsurface drainage design may cause a trade-off between agricultural productivity and environmental sustainability. The simulation results also presented that up to about 255.7% and 628.0% increase in Nitrate-N losses in Sites A and E, respectively, far outweigh the rate of increase in corn yield up to about 1.1% and 1.6% from the adjustment of tile spacing and depth. Meanwhile, the crop yield and Nitrate-N losses according to the tile configuration differed depending on the field, and the soybean yield presented inconsistent simulation results, unlike the corn yield, which together demonstrate the heterogeneous characteristic of agro-environmental systems to a subsurface drainage practice. This study demonstrates the applicability of agricultural systems models in exploring agro-environmental responses to subsurface drainage practices, which can help guide the introduction and installation of tile systems into farmlands, e.g., orchards and paddy fields, in our country.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.3-11
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• 2018

This study aims to investigate whether there is intensionally changing eye - gaze on the cafe space images with floor finishing materials. In the Yarbus' experiment, he argued that changing information that an observer is asked to obtain from an image changes pattern of eye movements. Based on the scan path evidence, this research have questions as (1) the difference of visual attention on finishing floor material stimulus, (2) visual attention of initial activity time and type of movement paths on AOIs, and (3) visual relation floor area with another AOIs. Eye movements were recorded with the SMI REDn Scientific, which sampled eye position at 30Hz and lasted 2 minutes(120s). Although viewing was binocular, only the right eye was tracked. Of the 66 observers(mean age 22 years, standard deviation: ${\pm}1.82$) who participated in the experiment done by the four point calibration and validation procedures at the beginning tasks. Analyzing qualitative data from the number of fixation and duration on AOIs divided into four parts (AOI I-Floor, AOI II-Wall, AOI III-Ceiling, and AOI IV-Counter) in the stimulus. The results from this experiment analyzed as follows. First, it was significant in the difference of the average number of AOIs fixation times observed for the spatial image using the wood tile flooring material and the polishing tile. The wood tile flooring of stimulus had higher fixation number on AOI-II, AOI-III, and AOI-IV than the polishing tile. On seeing AOI-I was higher attention in the polishing tile stimulus. Second, the observers examined AOI-II intensively in both stimuli. However, the visual intensity was also followed by on the AOI-IV and AOI-I in the wood tile flooring stimulus, and on AOI-I, AO-IV in the polishing tile. Third, visual attention data on each AOIs have divided into the time range of "5 sec" for both images. In the wood tile stimulus, the horizontal movement path followed by AOI-II, AOI-IV, and AOI-II. In the polished tile stimulus, the movement path followed by moving vertically to AOI-II, AOI-I, and AOI-II. This study approached meaningfully and found out the characteristics of visual attention, according to the different intentions of visual attention, the relationship pathways of visual mechanism appeared and also activated by eye-tracking experiments.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제37권
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• pp.349-369
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• 2004

20세기에 들어와 컴퓨터의 발달로 문화재를 복원하는데 있어 다양한 자연과학적 방법이 시도되고 있다. 문화재에 적용되는 통계학을 비롯한 자연과학적인 방법을 통해 문화재의 재질에 대한 주성분 및 미량성분을 분석하여 산지추정을 할 수 있고, 더 나아가 고대의 교역 및 교류관계를 규명하고, 생산지와 소비지 사이의 정치 경제 문화관계 등 다양한 정보를 밝혀내고 있어 그 필요성이 더욱 요구되고 있다. 본 연구는 흡수율 및 광물결정분석, 편광현미경분석, 통계분석 등의 자연과학적인 방법을 이용하여 경기도 하남시 천왕사지 유적내 기와 가마로 추정되는 소성유구의 성격과 유구 및 주변 건물지에서 출토된 기와들에 대해 상호관계를 밝히고자 시도되었으며, 연구결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 경질 기와 편들을 제외한 연질 기와 편들은 다른 기와에서 볼 수 있는 흡수율(10%이상)과 비슷한 수치를 보였으며, 흡수율이 낮은 일부시료에서는 Mullite, Tridymite, Cristobalite와 같은 고온 결정상 등이 존재하는 것으로 보아 다른 기와편에 비해 소성온도가 높았음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 미량성분을 통한 통계분석결과 소성유구와 천왕사지 내에서 출토된 기와는 한 군으로 분류된 것으로 보아, 밀접한 관련성을 가지고 있음을 알 수 있었고, 천왕사 축조시 원거리에서 기와를 공급받은 것이 아닌 사지 내에 가마를 설치한 후 공급하였음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2000년도 제14회 학술강연논문집
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• pp.8-8
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• 2000

In this paper are presented main power and gasdynamic characteristics of C-l6VK hypersonic test cell of Research Test Center of CIAM. Gasdynamic adjustment of the C-l6VK test cell was carried out with the working section constructed on scheme of Ramjet/scramjet test in free stream. Gasdynamic adjustment was conducted stage by stage in tile following sequence. First, check and preparation of all technical systems and checking measuring system. Than determination of the characteristics of test cell on cold (without the heating of air at entrance) regime and determination of the characteristics of test cell on regimes with the heating of air. Finally determination of tile characteristics of test cell with the loading of the working part by object. On tile final stage of gasdynamic adjustment two experiments with tile axisymmetric Scramjet model loaded into the working part of test cell were conducted. The first experiment was conducted with the purpose of determination of flow parameters with the object leaded into the working part and verification of experiment cyclogram. The second experiment was conducted with injection of hydrogen into the combustion chamber of object, that is tile conditions on test cell simulated Scramjet flight Mach number M = 6. Such methodology of gasdynamic adjustment allows to determine influence of experimental object on flow parameters in the working part at different conditions of experiment (with the burning in combustion chamber of object and without the homing), and also to compare flow characteristics in the object duct.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국HCI학회 2009년도 학술대회
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• pp.487-492
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• 2009

미래에는 생활환경 주변에 다양한 용도의 대형 디스플레이 장치가 설치되고 사용자들에게 편리한 상호작용적인 서비스를 제공할 것으로 예측된다. 그러나 대형 디스플레이는 그 물리적 크기 때문에 기존의 마우스와 키보드와 같은 장치로는 효과적인 사용자 인터랙션이 쉽지 않다. 최근 이런 대형 디스플레이를 위한 인터랙션 방법에 대해 많은 연구가 수행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 타일드 디스플레이 기반의 인터랙티브 응용프로그램 개발을 지원하는 iTILE 프레임워크와 이를 활용하여 테이프 스위치와 적외선 카메라 텐저블 인터페이스 입력장치를 사용한 응용프로그램에 대해 기술한다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.473-478
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• 2015

Green bodies of earthenware tile were prepared from a mixture of earthenware tile powder and SiC as forming agents by applying a conventional process. Granule powder for tile samples was prepared using the spray drying method with commercial earthenware raw material with a quantity of SiC of 0.3 wt%. The applied pressure was $250kg{\cdot}f/m^2$ and the firing temperature was $1050-1200^{\circ}C$. The effects of the SiC particle size and sintering temperature on the open porosity and total porosity were investigated and the correlative mechanism was also discussed. While total porosity was not significantly changed by decreasing the SiC particle size, the open porosity showed a gradual decrease, which represents an increase of the closed porosity. As the sintering temperature increased, coarsening was made among the pores due to excessive oxidation. The volume shrinkage and bending strength were demonstrated for the sintered tile samples. The sintered bulk density was also measured to determine the weight reduction value.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2005

With the acceptance of western culture, our traditional culture is in the crisis of disappearing. This is especially evident in the clothing and textile field. Therefore it seems essential to apply the traditional Korean aesthetics to our clothing. The purpose of this study is to reconstruct the types of design and analyse the characteristics of patterns expressed in traditional roof-tile. This study attempted to use the roof-tile patterns as motive for all tapestry and fashion design work to realize a creative expression of formative world through on-screen restructuring. The traditional roof-tile patterns were selected for this study because they must be the products created with our ordinary aesthetic values and techniques, and thus may represent our people's unique culture. After all, the expression for a work should be based not on simple representations of a given object but on restructuring of diverse unique forms according to worker's subjective senses. A piece of clothing with the expression of traditional and formative must combine traditional aesthetics of tradition and form. The application of traditional and formative value of Korean pattern in clothing made to be adaptable for wear in our everyday lives. Today there various attempts to combine traditional aesthetics with modem design. Also, the development of unique Korean design aesthetics within the clothing will allow for a distinct elegance that can be recognized by the world know about the Korean culture through the high standards of our clothing.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1996년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.529-533
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• 1996

Recently, manufacturing industries are doing their best to increase productivity and to reduce production time. One of tile efforts is to develop user-friendly and effective CAM systems. For this purpose, a CAM system for turning was developed. In the developed system. user interacts with tile CAM system using graphical user interface (GUI) and manufacturing support functions to make NC programs effectively. Manufacturing support functions include cycle decoder. interference check be ween tool and workpicce. bar turning without air cut and dynamic/wireframe simulation. In the cycle decoder. basic options are provided to novices for their convenience. and advanced options are provided to help expert to modify the program using their knowledge. Interference check has been nil issue in tile CAM system for tuning. In this paper. when a user selects a tool. interference check between selected tools and workpieces is done automatically. Moreover. remaining shapes are calculated automatically. Then, tile CAM system requests user to input all additional tool and generates NC codes to cut tile remaining shapes. In bar turning of forged raw material, air cut should be prevented for effective machining. For this purpose, a new algorithm for bar turning was developed. Dynamic and wireframe simulation was used to verify the generated NC code.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.86-89
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• 2015

Sugar cane, renewable fiber resources, were used for roof tile production. Urea formaldehyde, phenol formaldehyde and isocyanate resin were used as binders in this study. Roof tile specimens with 400 mm wide, 400 mm long and 5 mm thick were prepared by compression molding. Physical and mechanical properties of the specimens were analyzed by water absorption, thickness swelling, thermal conductivity, density, modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity. From the results, water absorption at 1 and 24 hours was 19-47 % and 38-57 %, respectively. Thickness swell at 24 hours was 15-29%. Thermal conductivity was 0.016, 0.017 and 0.019 W/m.K when using isocyanate, urea formaldehyde and phenol formaldehyde, respectively. Density of the specimens was 770-860 kg/m3. Modulus of rapture was 255-280 MPa. Modulus of elasticity was 5.1-7.6 GPa. Physical and mechanical properties of the specimens indicated that they would be applied for roof tile and construction.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2019년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.145-146
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• 2019

In contemporary residential culture, apartment houses can form individual independent residential areas within narrow territory. By using various building materials compared to the past, apartment house is recognized as an aesthetic space by modern people. However, as the number of cases of tile defects in apartment complexes has surged recently, aesthetic factors and quality of life have been reduced, and hundreds of millions of defects have been charged to builders every year. The tile defects in the apartment complexes of 90 domestic complexes are cracked, lifted, damaged, and dropped off. Most of the tile defects are caused by poor construction, but the defect occurrence rate due to thermal stress mechanism is high. Therefore, this paper investigates the case of tile defects in apartment house and identifies the defects and examines the problems that should be improved to reduce the defects of tiles in the building interior.