• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.456-462
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• 2007

Tracking error performance is investigated for the typical maneuvering pattern of the anti-ship missile for tracking filters based on IMM filter in both clear and cluttered environments. Threatening targets to a navel vessel can be categorized into having three kinds of maneuvering patterns such as Waver, Pop-Up, and High-Diver maneuvers, which are classified according to launching platform or acceleration input to be applied. In this paper, the tracking errors for three kinds of maneuvering targets are represented and are investigated through simulation results. Studying estimation errors for each maneuvering target allows us to have insight into the most threatening maneuvering pattern and to construct the test maneuvering scenario for radar system validation.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.434-440
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• 2018

Background: In industrial countries, home care of community dwelling elderly people is rapidly growing. Frequent injuries in home caregivers result from slips, trips, and falls (STFs). The current study tests attentional cognitive failure to mediate the association between work stressors and STFs. Methods: A sample of 125 home caregivers participated in a questionnaire study and reported work interruptions, unreasonable tasks, quality-threatening time pressure, conscientiousness, attentional cognitive failures, and STFs. Results: In structural equation modeling, the mediation model was shown to fit empirical data. Indirect paths with attentional cognitive failures as the link between work stressors and STF were all significant in bootstrapping tests. An alternative accident-prone person model, that suggests individual differences in conscientiousness to predict attentional cognitive failures that predict more frequent work stressors and STFs, showed no significant paths between work conditions and STFs. Conclusion: To prevent occupational injury, work should be redesigned to reduce work interruptions, unreasonable tasks, and quality-threatening time pressure in home care.

• Educational Technology International
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-26
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to develop design principles of both animated pedagogical agents as 'credible' persuasive message source and persuasive fear arousing instructional messages in order to help enhance attitude changes toward a certain issue. Based on the previous pedagogical agent research, this study drew the design principles providing ways to manipulate agent credibility level and fear arousing level of message. Consequently, it specified how to make pedagogical agents perceived less or more credible by learners by manipulating a variety of agent features. For fear arousing message, this study showed how fear arousing messages would be structured into one of three levels: non-threatening, moderately threatening, and strongly threatening. Two different agent conditions and three message conditions were actually developed and experimentally tested with the participants of 40 undergraduate students. The results showed that the agent design principles specified from the previous research worked well enough to make a distinction between the more credible agent and the less credible agent. The overall results of this study may indicate that the design strategies for fear arousing message are retained on the premise of some future refinements.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.136-139
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• 2007

Shoulder arthroscopic surgeries are an accepted technique for many shoulder disease and have many advantages over open surgeries. To date, shoulder arthroscopic surgery have been rare complications that compromise patient airway, caused by the leakage of irrigation fluid out of the shoulder joint space into the surrounding soft tissues and then the neck and the pharynx. This report presents a case of life-threatening airway obstruction due to extra-articular saline collection during arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. In concluding we should hourly check the patient's neck swelling undergoing shoulder arthroscopic surgery, because anesthetized patients cannot complain of the airway problem may progress until it becomes life-threatening.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.53-60
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• 2013

In Crohn's disease, mild gastrointestinal bleeding often occurs; however massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage, which can have a dramatic effect on a patient's vital sign, is rare. This could result in potentially life-threatening complications, which can lead to death. Massive hemorrhagic Crohn's disease is not well known and for this reason, they are a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Various diagnostic and therapeutic methods are currently being developed and used. The surgical method is often used only as a last measure since this approach has the risk of serious complications that may endanger patients. However, if massive bleeding continues even after all therapeutic methods are used, the surgical method must be implemented. In this case, all therapeutic methods were found to be ineffective; therefore, surgery was used as a last option. Ultimately, the surgical method was found to be successfully used to treat life-threatening hemorrhagic Crohn's disease.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.132-137
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• 2007

Patients with febrile illness and skin rashes need full and immediate attention. In general, these diseases show mild manifestations and good prognosis. However, causalities of some diseases with fever and rash may be life threatening or trivial. So, the differential diagnosis for those patients is extensive. A through history, a careful physical examination and close observation of clinical progress are very helpful and essential to confirming the diagnosis. Histories of recent travel, drug or specific food ingestion, exposure to human or an animal source of infection may be useful to discover the cause. Although laboratory tests can be useful in making the diagnosis, laboratory results usually are not available immediately. Knowledge and experiences of such diseases may be helpful to reduce the differential diagnosis to a few major possibilities. Rashes can be categorized as petechial, maculopapular, vesicular, urticarial and erythematous. Potential causes include infectious pathogens such as virus, bacteria, rickettsiae, spirohetes, connective tissue diseases, allergic diseases and heamto-oncologic diseases. Because the severity of these diseases can vary mild to life threatening, physicians must perform prompt management decisions regarding empirical therapies. In this article, the differential etiological diagnosis of each type rash is reviewed and discussed, and with emphasis on intensive care of life threatening febrile diseases with rashes that are seen in our country.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.59 no.9
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• pp.347-354
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• 2016

An apparent life-threatening event (ALTE) is defined as the combination of clinical presentations such as apnea, marked change in skin and muscle tone, gagging, or choking. It is a frightening event, and it predominantly occurs during infancy at a mean age of 1-3 months. The causes of ALTE are categorized into problems that are: gastrointestinal (50%), neurological (30%), respiratory (20%), cardiovascular (5%), metabolic and endocrine (2%-5%), or others such as child abuse. Up to 50% of ALTEs are idiopathic, where the cause cannot be diagnosed. Infants with an ALTE are often asymptomatic at hospital and there is no standard workup protocol for ALTE. Therefore, a detailed initial history and physical examination are important to determine the extent of the medical evaluation and treatment. Regardless of the cause of an ALTE, all infants with an ALTE should require hospitalization and continuous cardiorespiratory monitoring and evaluation for at least 24 hours. The natural course of ALTEs has seemed benign, and the outcome is generally associated with the affected infants' underlying disease. In conclusion, systemic diagnostic evaluation and adequate treatment increases the survival and quality of life for most affected infants.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.260-263
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• 2020

Necrotizing fasciitis is an infection of the subcutaneous tissue that results in destruction of the fascia and is disproportionately common in patients with chronic liver disease or diabetes. Necrotizing fasciitis of the head and neck is rare, but has a high fatality rate. A 50-year-old man with a past medical history of diabetes reported a chief complaint of a wound in the posterior neck due to trauma. The wound had grown and was accompanied by pus and redness, and the patient had a fever. When the patient was referred to department of plastic & reconstructive surgery, the sternocleidomastoid muscle, semispinalis capitis muscle, splenius capitis muscle, and trapezius muscles were exposed, and the size of the defect was about 25×20 cm. Dead tissue resection was performed before negative-pressure wound therapy, followed by a split-thickness skin graft (STSG). After a 2-week course of aseptic dressing post-STSG, the patient recovered completely. No postoperative complications were observed for 1 year. Necrotizing fasciitis is a life-threatening, rapidly spreading infection, requiring early diagnosis and active surgical treatment. In addition, broad-spectrum antibiotics are required due to the variety of types of causative bacteria. Broad necrotizing fasciitis of the posterior neck is rare, but can quickly progress into a life-threatening stage.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.64 no.8
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• pp.406-407
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• 2021

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.1-3
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• 2023