• Plant Disease and Agriculture
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.100-104
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• 1999

A total of 65 isolates of Penicillium were isolated from decayed post-harvest fruits of apple pear citrus and grape. The Penicillium species isolated from the apple were idnetified as P. aurantiogriseum and P. expansum those from the pear were P. crustosum and P. expansum and those from the grape were P. aurantiogriseum and P. expansum, From decayed citrus fruits. P. digitatum and P. italicum were isolated. Citrinin and patulin from these species in the YES(yeast extract sucrose) broth were extracted with ethyl acetate and purified by thin-layer chromatography(TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) Among 51 isolates of Penicillium from apple pear and grape 7 isolates produced citrinin 13 isolates produces patulin and 12 isolates produced citrinin and patulin also. All 14 isolates of Penicillium from citrus produced only patulin.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.11-15
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• 1999

The objective of this study was to extract and purity the antibacterial agent from the fermented milk with Lactobacillus helveticus CH-1. The extraction and purification of antibacterial agent from the Lb. helveticus fermented milk were carried out by methanol extraction, acetone extraction, Sephadex G-200 gel filteration and thin layer chromatography and the results were as followings. The antibacterial activity of methanol-acetone extraction showed antibacterial activity against test organisms, B. subtilis, E. coli, Pseu. fluorescens, Sal. typhimurium, Shi. flexneri, and Sta. aureus. Sephadex G-200 gel chromatography showed only antibacterial activity from 33 to 37th fractions of 60 fractions. The agent purified from TLC plate confirmed the antibacterial activity by the means of bioautography.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.96-103
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• 2009

For the control of pathogenic microorganisms, Bacillus spp. were isolated from diseased pepper fruits in Korea. Among them, Bacillus sp. IUB158-03 showed high inhibitory effect on mycelial growth and spore germination of C. gloeosporioides and Botrytis cinerea. The strain was identified as B. amyloliquefaciens IUB158-03 based on its physiological, biochemical characteristics and Microlog analysis. The highest level of antifungal substances by B. amyloliquefaciens IUB158-03 were obtained when the bacterium was cultured in medium containing 2% soluble starch, 3% yeast extract, 0.5% tryptone, 0.5% $NH_4H_2PO_4$, and 1% NaCl (pH 6.0) at $25^{\circ}C$ for 72 hrs. The antifungal substances were purified by butanol extraction, silica gel column chromatography, preparative thin layer chromatography, and high performance liquid chromatography. The purified antifungal substance was confirmed $R_f$ 0.27 by TLC. This substance exhibited antifungal activity against Fusarium solani, Rhizoctonia solani, Botrytis cineria, Alternata alternaria of plant pathogenic fungi and Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Epidermophyton floccosum, Cryptococcus neoformans of human pathogenic fungi.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.46-51
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• 1978

One of yellowed rice toxins, luteoskyrin, was investigated with respect to its identification, quantitation and producibility by Penicillium islandicum isolated from deteriorated rice. 1) Luteoskyrin was best resolved by thin-layer chromatography with silica gel G plate impregnated with 0. 5 N oxalic acid and acetone : n-hexane : water (6 : 3 : 1.5, upper layer) solvent system. The isolated yellow spot showed maximum absorption bands at 426 and 448 nm and changed to purple color upon exposure to sunlight for $2{\sim}3$ hours. 2) Detection limit for luteoskyrin was 4 ppm in elution-colorimetry and 0.1 ppm in densitometry after TLC. Assuming that the tolerance for luteoskyrin in rice is set below 3.68 ppm, densitometry is usable for its screening in grain samples 3) Producibility of luteoskyrin by Pen. islandicum was shown to be 11 mg/g mycelial mat in liquid culture and 40 mg/g autoclaved rice.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.193-197
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• 1997

Elevation of the activities of phase 2 enzymes such as quinone reductase(QR) provides protection against several types of neoplasia. In this study, we performed partial purification of QR inducer(s) from roasted and defatted perilla meal by solvent fractionation and thin layer chromatography. Cellular QR induction was most notable in chloroform fraction of roasted perilla extract, compared with other solvent fractions. QR inducer(s) was partially purified by TLC, with 0.8 of $R_f$ value in n-butanol : n-propanol : 2N-ammonium hydroxide(10 : 60 : 30). AHH-inducing activity in TLC fractions isolated from methanol extracts of roasted perilla comigrated with QR-inducing fraction, suggesting that QR and AHH are induced by the same compound. TLC fractions shown strong QR-inducing activity also had a potent antioxidative activity, suggesting that cellular QR enzyme is induced by antioxidant(s) present in roasted perilla.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.338-344
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• 2001

The oxidative stability of cholesterol in tallow heated at different frying temperatures (130$\^{C}$, 150$\^{C}$, and 180$\^{C}$) was studied by identifying cholesterol oxides by thin layer chromatography(TLC). And fatty acid compositions in tallow heated were also measured and compared with cholesterol oxides. Unsaturated fatty acid contents slightly decreased as the heating time increased, whereas saturated fatty acid contents increased This phenomenon became excessive especially by heating to higher temperature. It was found that RF value and spot color of the nonsaponifiable lipids from tallow heated on TLC analysis accorded with the synthetic cholesterol oxides in this experiment. Four kinds of cholesterol oxides were detected in tallow heated for 24 hours at three different temperatures. The oxides were identified as 7-$\alpha$-hydroxycholesterol, 7-$\beta$-hydroxycholesterol, 7-ketocholesterol and cholesterol epoxide. It was found that there was a little difference in oxidative pattern of cholesterol between several heating temperatures.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.848-854
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• 1999

Inhibitory compounds of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) were separated from Doenjang (traditional Korean fermented soybean paste). Water extracts from Doenjang which showed ACE inhibitory activity were separated with gel permeation chromatography (GPC), in which two fractions with high ACE inhibitory activities were obtained. The first fraction from GPC was further isolated by semi-preparative reverse phase preparative-HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) and 2-dimensional electrophoresis/thin layer chromatography (TLC). The purified spot had molecular weight of 759 daltons and ninhydrin-positive non-peptide. The second fraction from GPC was also further isolated by semi-preparative reverse phase HPLC and $NH_2-column$ HPLC. One fraction with high ACE inhibitory activity was purified and characterized. Molecular weight of this fraction by LC-MS was 272.34 daltons. The active fraction was identified as Arg-Pro with ACE $IC_{50}$ of $92\;{\mu}M$.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.793-798
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• 1990

As a search for natural antioxidants, antioxidative fractions in pueraria root were extracted and identified using column chromatography, thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. Components which have most effective antioxidative activities were futher identified by IR and GC/MS. The strongest antioxidative component of pueraria root methanol extract was identified as puerarin. Puerarin obtained from pueraria root was practically effective as antioxidant at the level of 100 ppm. Antioxidative activity of the puerarin was higher in linoleic acid-water system than in a linoleic acid substrate. Puerarin, daidzin and daidzein contents in pueraria root juice were 0.39%, 0.45% and 0,03%, respectively.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.59-66
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• 1984

Although it is well established that steroid is effective for treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS), the action mechanism of steroid on NRDS is not well known. Several authors have insisted that steroid increases secretion of pulmonary surfactant from type II pneumocyte, but others have insisted that steroid does not affect the secretory function of the type II pneumocyte. And some authors have suggested that steroid may ca use compositional change of pulmonary surfactant phospholipid. From these aspects, it is desirable to confirm the effect of steroid on (he secretory function of the type II pneumocyte. In order to know the effect of steroid on pulmonary surfactant activity, phospholipid phosphorus of lung lavage was measured and composition of pulmonary surfactant phospholipid of lung lavage was analyzed by thin layer chromatography (TLC) in control (C), pneumonectomized (PN), and pneumonectomized with betamethasone treated (PNS) rabbits. And lung weight and lung weight-body weight ratio were measured in each experimental group also. In PN group, right lung pneumonectomy was performed under general anesthesia with pentobarbital sodium (30mg/kg). On the fifth day after the surgery, the left lung was excised and measured above parameters. In PNS group, pneumonectomy was performed as PN group, and one day after the surgery, betamethasone was injected for four days intramusculary (4mg/day) and rabbits were sacrificed. The experiment yielded following results. PNS group's lung weight was significantly (p<0.01) heavier than C group's, but in comparison with PN group's it showed no significant change. PNS group's L/B ratio was significantly (p<0.05) higher than C group's, but compared with PN group's it showed no significant change. The value of phospholipid phosphorus content of PNS group was significantly (p<0.01) higher than that of C group. Even if the value of phospholipid phosphorus content in PNS group was not significantly higher than that of PN group, it showed increasing tendency compared with that of PN group. And in an analysis of the thin layer chromatogram, quantity (${\mu}mol/gm$ of wet weight lung) of phosphatidylcholine in PNS group decreased significantly (p<0.05) compared with C and PN group. From these results, it may be suggested that though steroid inhibits cellular hyperplasia in the compensatory growing lung, it auguments the secretory function of type II pneumocyte and causes compositional change of pulmonary surfactant phospholipid.

• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.298-304
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• 2006

In this study, we establish a thin-layer chromatography (TLC) immunostaining method for detecting starfish gangliosides. A new monoclonal antibody (MAb) against AG-2, the major gangliosides molecular species of Acanthaster planci, was produced by fusing hybridoma with splenocytes immunized to liposomal AG-2. BALB/c male mice were injected with liposomal AG-2 antigen, and immunized. Their splenocytos were isolated and fused with hypoxanthine-aminopterine-thimidine (HAT)-sensitive mouse myeloma cells. Hybridomas producing MAb reactive to AG-2 were cloned using the limited dilution method. Established hybridomas were cultured in eRDF medium. Crude MAb produced from clone 8D4 was purified with a magnesium pyrophosphate column. Enzyme immunoassay and TLC immunostaining of AG-2 were performed using the purified MAb. Structurally related gangliosides did not cross-react with anti-AG-2 antibodies. The detection limit of TLC immunostaining was 50 ng of AG-2. The newly established immunostaining method was further developed for detecting AG-2 distribution and qualitative analysis in tissues and/or organs. Our results show that the majority of AG-2 is present in the stomach of male A. planci, while AG-2 is distributed not only in the stomach but also in the the pyloric caeca of female A. planci.