• 한국인쇄학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.22-29
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• 2001

Meso 치환 thiacarbocyanine 색소의 J-aggregate 형성시 치환기 효과와 열역학적인 정보를 얻기 위한 수단으로 UV/Vis 분광기를 이용하여 색소농도변화에 따른 회합정수 $K_{J}$ , 회합자유에너지G$_{J}$ , 회합엔탈피 H$_{J}$ 를 구하였다. 그 결과 농도증가와 함께 J-aggregate의 생성이 증가하였으며 온도감소와 함께 J-aggregate형성쪽으로 회합평형상수가 이동하였다. 치환기 효과로는 phenyl기의 치환이 평면구조를 형성하는데 있어서도 methyl, ethyl기 치환체보다 회합체형성이 유리하였으며 회합자유에너지와 회합엔탈피도 alkyl기 치환체보다 증가하였다.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.421-426
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• 2004

The microstructure and mechanical property of hot-pressed $Al_2O_3/Cu$ composites with a different temperature for atmosphere changing from H$_{2}$ to Ar have been studied. When atmosphere-changed from H$_{2}$ to Ar gas at 145$0^{\circ}C$, the hot-pressed composite was characterized by inhomogeneous microstructure and low fracture strength. On the contrary, when atmosphere-changed at low temperature of 110$0^{\circ}C$ the composite showed more homogeneous microstructure, higher fracture strength and smaller deviation in strength. Based on the thermodynamic consideration and microstructural analysis, it was interpreted that the Cu wetting behavior relating to the formation of CuAlO$_{2}$ is probably responsible for strong dependence of microstructure on atmosphere changing temperature. The reason for a strong sensitivity of fracture strength and especially of its deviation to atmosphere changing temperature was explained by the microstructural inhomogeneity and by the role of CuAlO$_{2}$ phase on the interfacial bonding strength.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제23권11호
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• pp.718-725
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• 2011

Characteristics of flow boiling heat transfer in microchannels were investigated experimentally. The microchannels consisted of 9 parallel trapezoidal channels with each channel having 205 ${\mu}m$ of bottom width, 800 ${\mu}m$ of depth, $3.6^{\circ}$ of sidewall angle, and 7 cm of length. Tests were performed with R113 over a mass velocity range of 150~920 $kg/m^2s$, heat flux of 10~100 $kW/m^2$ and inlet pressures of 105~195 kPa. Flow boiling heat transfer coefficient in microchannels was found to be dominated by heat-flux. However the effect of mass velocity was not significant. Contrary to macrochannel trends, the heat transfer coefficient was shown to decrease with increasing thermodynamic equilibrium quality. A new correlation suitable for predicting flow boiling heat transfer coefficient was developed based on the laminar single-phase heat transfer coefficient and the nucleate boiling dominant equation. Comparison with the experimental data showed good agreement.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권11호
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• pp.3805-3809
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• 2012

Results for molecular dynamics simulation method of small liquid drops of argon (N = 1200-14400 molecules) at 94.4 K through a Lennard-Jones intermolecular potential are presented in this paper as a preliminary study of drop systems. We have calculated the density profiles ${\rho}(r)$, and from which the liquid and gas densities ${\rho}_l$ and ${\rho}_g$, the position of the Gibbs' dividing surface $R_o$, the thickness of the interface d, and the radius of equimolar surface $R_e$ can be obtained. Next we have calculated the normal and transverse pressure tensor ${\rho}_N(r)$ and ${\rho}_T(r)$ using Irving-Kirkwood method, and from which the liquid and gas pressures ${\rho}_l$ and ${\rho}_g$, the surface tension ${\gamma}_s$, the surface of tension $R_s$, and Tolman's length ${\delta}$ can be obtained. The variation of these properties with N is applied for the validity of Laplace's equation for the pressure change and Tolman's equation for the effect of curvature on surface tension through two routes, thermodynamic and mechanical.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.613-619
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• 2007

Mesoscale low is often observed over the downstream region of the East Sea (or, northwest coast off the Japan Islands) during East-Asia winter monsoon. The low system causes a heavy snowfall at the region. A series of numerical experiments were conducted with the aid of a regional model (MM5 ver. 3.5) to examine the formation mechanism of the mesoscale low. The following results were obtained: 1) A well-developed mesoscale low was simulated by the regional model under real topography, NCEP reanalysis, and OISST; 2) The mesoscale low was simulated under a zonally averaged SST without topography. This implies that the meridional gradient of SST is the main factor in the formation of a mesoscale low; 3) A thermal contrast ($>10^{\circ}C$) of land-sea and topography-induced disturbance served as the second important factor for the formation; 4) Paektu Mountain caused the surface wind to decelerate downstream, which created a more favorable environment for thermodynamic modification than that was found in a flat topography; and 5) The types of cumulus parameterizations did not affect the development of the mesoscale low.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제39권12호
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• pp.896-901
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• 1995

순수 물 및 NaCl의 수용액에서 Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate(SDS)와 Tetraethylene glycol monodode-cyl ether(TGME)의 혼합계면활성제가 $25^{\circ}C$에서 나타내는 임계미셀농도값(CMC$^*$)들을 표면장력계로 측정하였으며, 이들 CMC$^*$값들이 음이온 계면활성제인 SDS의 몰분율 조성(${\alpha}_1$)과 첨과제인 NaCl의 농도에 따라 어떻게 변화하는지를 조사하였다. 유사상태분리모델을 기초로하는 비이상적 혼합비셀모델을 적용함으로써 측정된 CMC$^*$값들로부터 SDS/TGME 혼합계면활성제의 미셀화에 대한 여러가지 열역학적 함수값들을 계산하여 분석하였다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.268-278
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• 2011

베타 차단제 억제제(atenolol, propranolol, timolol and nadolol)의 존재와 부존 하에서 0.1M HCl 용액에 담긴 알루미늄의 부식작용을 연구하였다. 이 연구에 무게감량, 변전위 편극, 전기화학 임피던스 분석법이 사용되었다. 억제 효과는 억제제의 농도 증가에 따라 증가하였으며, 온도가 증가함에 따라 감소하였다. 모든 억제제들은 Frumkin 등온을 따르는 알루미늄 표면에 흡착되었다. 부식반응은 전하이동과정에 의해 조절됨을 발견하였다. 억제 효과 측정을 위해 사용된 실험방법 들에 대해 조사한 결과 모두 억제효과가 우수하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.1921-1930
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• 1996

To design an optimum engine intake system, a flow model for the intake manifold was developed by the finite difference method. The flow in the intake manifold was one-dimensional, and the finite difference equations were derived from governing equations of flow, continuity, momentum and energy. The thermodynamic properties of the cylinder were found by the first law of thermodynamics, and the boundary conditions were formulated using steady flow model. By comparing the calculated results with experimental data, the appropriate boundary conditions and convergence limits for the flow model were established. From this model, the optimum manifold lengths at different engine operating conditions were investigated. The optimum manifold length became shorter when the engine speeds were increased. The effect of intake valve timings on inlet air mass was also studied by this model. Advancing intake valve opening decreased inlet air mass slightly, and the optimum intake valve closing was found. The difference in inlet air mass between cylinders was very small in this engine.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.253-258
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 밀폐된 반원관내 자성유체의 자연대류 현상을 수치적으로 연구하였다. 수치해석방법은 Siliomis의 GSMAC법을 이용하였다. 자성유체의 자연대류 현상을 수치 해석적으로 규명하여, 자성유체의 열역학적 특성을 연구하고자 하였다. 특히 열전달 해석방법으로 온도분포 및 고온벽면의 Nusselt 수를 통하여 속도 벡터와 함께 고찰 하였다. 이로 인하여, 외부 자장에 의한 세기는 자연대류 현상을 촉진 또는 억제하므로, 열전달 문제에 있어서 열의 제거에 있어서 효과적인 방법을 찾게 되었다.

• 자연과학논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 1998

대정준 몬테카를로 시늉을 집중적으로 수행하여 무결정 연속고체 표면 위에 흡착된 Lennard-Jones 유체의 홑층에 대해 덮힘률 $\theta$ ~ 0.8에서 1.8 까지를 연구하였다. 시늉 결과는 최근 흑연위의 알곤 홑층 녹기에 대한 열역학적 실험측정에서 관찰되어졌던 두 단계의 녹음 행태를 뚜렷이 보여 주었다. 본 연구에서 관찰된 녹음 행태는 갑작스러운 밀도 변화 후에 점진적인 상전이로 이루어진다. 홑층 구조에 대한 스냅 사진들은 녹기과정에 어긋나기 짝의 형성과 그 짝의 분리가 연루되어 있다는 것을 가르키고 있다. 계의 크기에 의한 효과를 감안하여, 갑작스러운 밀도 변화는 Kosterlitz, Thouless, Halperin, Nelson, and Young (KTHNY)의 이론과 무관할 것인 반면에, 두 번째의 점진적 전이는 KTHNY 타입의 녹기 상전이일 것이라고 사료된다.