• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.110-122
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• 1996

Finite element analysis tool was developed to analyze the casting process. Generally, casting process consists of mold filling and solidification. Both filling and solidication process were simulated simultaneously to investigate the effects of process variables and to predict the defect. At filling process, thermal coupling was especially considered to investigate thermal history of material during the filling stage. And thermal condition at the final stage of filling is used as the initial conditions in a solidification process for the exact simullation of the actual casting processes. At mold filling process, Lagragian-type finite element method with automatic remeshing scheme was used to find the material flow. A perturbation method with artificial viscosity is adopted to avoid numerical instability in low viscous fluid. At solidification process, enthalpy-based finite element method was used to solove the heat transfer problem with phase change. And elastic stress analysis has been performed to predict the thermal residual stress. Through the FE analysis, solidification time, position of solidus line, liquidus line and thermal residual stress are found. Through the study, the importance of combined analysis has been emphasized. Finite element tools developed in this study will be used process design of casting process and may be basic structure for total CAE system of castings which will be constructed afterward.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.83-84
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• 2020

In present study, we have deposited the Zinc coating using arc thermal spray and plasma arc spray processes onto the steel substrate and durability of the deposited coating was evaluated. The bond adhesion result shows that plasma arc sprayed Zn coating exhibited higher in its value compared to arc thermal spray. SEM shows that Zn coating deposited by plasma arc process is more compact, less porous and adherent compare to arc spray process. The corrosion resistance properties are evaluated in artificial ocean water solution with exposure periods. EIS results show that total impedance at 0.01 Hz of plasma arc sprayed coating is higher than arc thermal spray owing to the compact and less porous morphology. It is concluded that plasma arc sprayed Zn coating is better than arc thermal spray process.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.143-147
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• 2000

This describes thermal crack creation process in automotive disks. Thermal cracks have been serious defects which induced disastrous accidents during traveling. The thermal cracks must be regularly eye-inspected. The cracks have been experimentally analysed; but they were not reported by analytic means yet. This paper proposed thermal crack creation process by a computer simulation which enlightened how to investigate thermal crack by cheap means. We explained the disk thermal crack creation and calculated stress intensity factor of an assumed surface crack in an automotive disk.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.93-98
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• 2013

Nanoimprint lithography (NIL) is a next generation technology for fabrication of micrometer and nanometer scale patterns. There have been considerable attentions on NIL due to its potential abilities that enable cost-effective and high-throughput nanofabrication to the display device and semiconductor industry. To successfully imprint a nanosized pattern with the thermal NIL, the process conditions such as temperature and pressure should be appropriately selected. This starts with a clear understanding of polymer material behavior during the thermal NIL process. In this paper, a filling process of the polymer resist into nanometer scale cavities during the thermal NIL at the temperature range, where the polymer resist shows the viscoelastic behaviors with consideration of stress relaxation effect of the polymer. In the simulation, the filling process and the residual layer formation are numerically investigated. And the effects of pressure and temperature on NIL process, specially the residual layer formation are discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.67-74
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• 2020

To predict the thermal deformation of an oven cabinet during the enamel process, we propose a simple finite element analysis method comprising two steps: heating and cooling. To this end, the basic mechanical and thermal properties such as thermal expansion of the enamel and steel plate were experimentally studied, and the mechanical properties of four different stainless steel (SUS) plates were evaluated to select the target material for the oven at high temperature conditions from 400 ℃ to 700 ℃. In the first analysis step of the enamel process, the SUS plate was heated to 850 ℃ and was then thermally expanded without considering the enamel coating. Next, assuming the perfect bonding of two materials (enamel coating and metal plate), the enamel plate was allowed to cool to room temperature till 22 ℃. From the results of comparing the experimental and analytical data, we can make a conclusion that the proposed method can be applied to evaluate the thermal deformation of enamel products. Especially, the thermal deformation of the oven can be predicted with different enamel coating conditions, such as uniform and nonuniform coating thickness.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.10-17
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to develop a new method of producing tienchi seng (notoginseng, Panax notoginseng) extracts featuring high concentrations of the ginsenoside Rg3, Rg5, and Rg6, special components of Korean red ginseng. The chemical transformation from ginseng saponin glycosides to prosapogenin was analyzed by HPLC. Tienchi seng was heat-processed at 100℃ and the optimum conditions were identified. The highest concentrations of total saponin (29.723%) and the ginsenoside Rg3 (1.769%), Rg5 (5.979%), and Rg6 (13.473%) were produced at 48 hours. Also, when tienchi seng was subjected to the ultrasonic thermal fusion (100℃) process, the concentrations of total saponin (30.578%), ginsenoside Rg3 (2.392%), Rg5 (6.614%), and Rg6 (13.017%) were highest at 36 hours. On the other hand, the 2-hour heat-processed extract and 2-hour ultrasonic thermal fusion-processed extract did not contain ginsenoside Rg3, Rg5, and Rg6. The ultrasonic thermal fusion process had an extraction yield that was approximately 1.26 times greater than that of the heat process. These results indicate that the highly functional tienchi seng extracts created through the ultrasonic thermal fusion process are more industrially useful than those produced using the heat process.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.18-25
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• 2003

This paper explains the process design for improving tool life in the conventional hot forging process. The thermal load and the thermal softening are happened by contact between the hotter billet and the cooler tools in hot forging process. Tool life decreases considerably due to the softening of the surface layer of a tool was caused by a high thermal load and long contact time between the tools and the billet. Also, tool life is to a large extent limited by wear, heat crack and plastic deformation in hot forging process. Above all, the main factors which affect die accuracy and tool life we wear and the plastic deformation of a tool. The newly developed techniques for predicting tool life are applied to estimate the production quantity for a spindle component and these techniques can be applied to improve the tool life in hot forging process.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.68-74
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• 2017

Nanoimprint lithography (NIL) is a next generation technology for fabrication of micrometer and nanometer scale patterns. There have been considerable attentions on NIL due to its potential abilities that enable cost-effective and high-throughput nanofabrication to the display device and semiconductor industry. Up to now there have been a lot of researches on thermal NIL, but most of them have been focused on polymer deformation in the molding process and there are very few studies on the cooling and demolding process. In this paper a cooling process of the polymer resist in thermal NIL is analyzed with finite element method. The modeling of cooling process for mold, polymer resist and substrate is developed. And the cooling process is numerically investigated with the effects of imprinting temperature and residual layer thickness of polymer resist on stress distribution of the polymer resist. The results show that the lower imprinting temperature, the higher the maximum von Mises stress and that the thicker the residual layer, the greater maximum von Mises stress.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.354-363
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• 1997

The purpose of the present work is to show the best thermal storage material and the sensitivity of the parameters on the thermal performance by experimentally investigating the effects of the parameters on the thermal performance of the spherical capsule system using paraffins superior to the commercial one. The paraffins were n-Tetradecane and the mixture of n-Tetradecane 40% and n-Hexadecane 60%. The experimental parameters were the Reynolds number of 8, 12, and 16 and the inlet temperature of-7, -4, -1, and $2^{\circ}C$. The charging and the discharing time, the dimensionless thermal storage amount, and the averge heat transfer coefficient in the tank were obtained by utilizing the local temperature variation in the tank. The local charging and discharging time in the tank was axially and radially different a lot. The effects of the inlet temperature on the charging and the discharging time were larger during the charging process than during the discharging process, but the effects of the Reynolds number on the charging and the discharging time were in reverse order. The paraffins were better by 11~72% than the water with the inorganic material in the charging time aspect, but no difference in the discharging time aspect. The effects of the Reynolds number on the dimensionless thermal storage amount were smaller than the effects of the inlet temperature during the charging process, but in reverse order during the discharging process within the working range of the experimental parameters. The effects of the inlet temperature and the Reynolds number on the average heat transfer coefficient were larger during the discharging process than during the charging process. The average heat transfer coefficient for the paraffins was larger by 40% maximum than that for the commercial material during the charing and the discharging process.

• Proceedings of the KWS Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.66-68
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• 2004

Induction heating is a process that is accompanied with magnetic and thermal situation. When the high-frequency current flows in the coil, induced eddy current generates heat to conductor. To simulate an induction heating process, the finite element analysis program was developed. A coupling method between the magnetic and thermal routines was developed. In the process of magnetic analysis and thermal analysis, magnetic material properties and thermal material properties depending on temperature are taken into consideration. In this paper, to predict the angular deformation, temperature difference and the shape of heat affected zone were discussed. Also appropriate coil shape for maximum angular deformation were proposed.