• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제5권5호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 ART 신경회로망의 성능을 개선하기 위해, 불필요한 클러스터의 생성과 변화를 억제하여 효율적인 패턴 분류가 가능하도록 하는 학습 알고리즘을 제안한다. 또한, 패턴 분류의 정확성을 향상시키기 위해 한글의 구조적 특징을 이용한 위치추출 알고리즘을 적용하였다. 제안하는 학습 알고리즘은 현재 학습되는 패턴과 최초 패턴간의 일치도를 비교한 후 리세트 시스템을 작동케 한다. 그 결과, 신경회로 망은 이미 입력되었던 패턴이 다시 입력되어도 새로운 클러스터의 생성을 방지하여 오인식율을 줄이게 된다.

• 미술이론과 현장
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• 제3호
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• pp.109-116
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• 2005

• 조형예술학연구
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• 제2권
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• pp.222-238
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• 2000

The attempts to explain the criterion of art criticism can be divided into three directions. The first is that there is a universal criterion of criticism. The second is that criticism is a subjective impression of each critic. Therefore, there is no universal criterion beyond a subjective impression. The third is that denies both claims. It tries to and the objective criterion which is neither universal nor subjective. In this paper, I will see how John Dewey criticizes the first two theories and holds the third theory. Dewey's denial of the first theory can be seen in his view of the judical criticism. The judical criticism claims that art criticism can be made on the universal criterion, as judical decision can be made on the general rule supposed to be applicable to all cases. But Dewey claims that the judical criticism cannot explain what makes the artist the 'masters'. Defining art as an experience, Dewey claims that art is a process of doing and undergoing, and that art is essentially an interactive activity between men and his environment As environment changes, the experience of the environment also changes. So art should accept the possibility of new experience. But, since the judical criticism advocates of the universal criterion which cannot allow the changeability, Dewey denies it. On the other hand, Dewey's denial of the second theory can be seen in his view of the impressionist criticism. The impressionist criticism claims that criticism is to clarify the impression which is consisted of feeling and imagery the art object evokes. To this claim, Dewey replies that to clarify an impression is to analyze it, and analysis can proceed only by going beyond the impression to the judgement. As we have seen so far, Dewey has denied the judical criticism that there is a universal criterion supposed to be applicable to all criticism. He has also denied the impressionist criticism that there are only subjective responses to the art object, and hence that there is no criterion of criticism at all. For Dewey, these two criticism are based on the same false assumption of the criterion, although their conclusions are different from each other. Both the judical and impressionist criticism failed to realize the difference between the meaning of the criterion as applied in measurement and as used in criticism. Criticizing of these two views of criticism, Dewey claims that there is an objective criterion which is neither universal nor subjective. Art criticism is objective in tv#o senses, i. e., in the first sense that it can be judged by the properties of the art object and in the second sense that it can be verified by the communities of the critics.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to interpret the artistic nature of fashion from the point of view of George Dickie's Institutional theory of art, which defined art from a sociological context. Five notions to formulate the institutional definition of art were regarding the artist, work of art, public, artworld, and artworld system. These notions were applied to the fashion world, and they deduced the definitions of a fashion designer, a fashion product, a fashion consumer, and the fashion system, which indicated fashion's social status in the art system. Firstly, a fashion designer plays a collective role in the product with an understanding of the consumers, professional knowledge of the design, and knowledge of making images of fashion products. Secondly, a fashion product involves artifactuality in the form of clothes created by collaboration among producers and it is transformed into fashion by collective activity of distributors and consumers. Thirdly, a consumer is a set of people who play a leading role in the assessment and consumption of the fashion product, allow the fashion designer to read his or her taste and reflect it in the fashion product although they are not directly involved in its production. Fourthly, a fashion system is a social framework for the presentation of a fashion product by a fashion designer to a consumer, and a social institution which enables clothes to transform into fashion through design, production, display, distribution, and sales. As a result, fashion is defined as an artifact in the form of clothes created by a fashion designer and presented to a consumer by the fashion system.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.183-197
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• 2020

Purpose: In this study, the researchers closely investigated the psychosocial problems faced by terminal cancer patients and their family members in hospice palliative care units. Methods: The investigators conducted four sessions of art therapy intervention programs for the terminal cancer patients and their family members, carried out in-depth interviews about the influence of the cancer experience on their family function and quality of life, and analyzed their experiences using grounded theory methodology. Results: After providing autonomous written informed consent, six pairs of terminally ill cancer patients and their family members, accounting for a total of 17 participants with the inclusion of additional family members who took part sporadically, took part in the art therapy intervention and interviews. The raw data, in the form of verbatim records, were analyzed according to the procedures of grounded theory (open, axial, and selective coding). Through these processes, a total of 154 concepts, 56 subcategories, and 13 categories were identified. Families were classified into four types according to their family function, quality of life, and attitude toward death. Though the art therapy intervention, patients and their family members experienced three stages over time. Conclusion: This research focused on essential aspects of the family relationships and the art therapy experiences of terminal cancer patients and their family members through an art therapy intervention in the context of hospice palliative care. Based on these observations, the researchers constructed a theoretical rationale for art therapy interventions delivered to patients and their family members in the process of hospice palliative care.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제34권
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• pp.7-41
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• 2014

This article examines magical realism in contemporary european film, which is considered to be one of the most popular styles in the present culture, with regards to Antonio Negri's theory of art. Magical realism is "alternative approach to reality" (Maggie Ann Bowers, Magic(al) Realism) and defined as "a fictional technique that combines fantasy with raw physical reality or social reality in a search for truth beyond that available from the surface of everyday life" (Joan Mellen, Magic Realism). The term of Magic Realism was coined in 1923 by Franz Roh, German art historian, as the concept for the post-expressionist painting in Germany. It has flourished in the Latin-American literature during the 1950s to 1980s and spread worldwide. Since 1980s magical realism is considered to be a universal artistic mode. Since 1990s magical realism is to find in the various novels, and since 2000 one encounters magical realism in the cinema very often. Antonio Negri writes about the relationship between life, imagination, art and the political in his book Art et Multitude. According to Negri, the hard life of people in the present society liberates the imagination and this creates the art as "the excess of the existence". In this process the aesthetic becomes to the political. Negri calls this space of art as "magical time and space". Claire Denis' film Vendredi Soir is analyzed as a contemporary magic realist text, which realizes Negri's concept of art: vendredi soir (friday night) in Vendredi Soir is the magical time, when the impossible becomes the possible, and paris in the public transportation strike is the magical space, where the individuals meet the other in a new situation. The film analysis associates itself with Negri's theory of art: in Vendredi Soir, it is to see, that the excess of the existence liberates imagination and creates the magic reality both in the movements of things and the human relationship. The phenomenon of magical realism in contemporary culture can be understood as the symptom of the emotional and existential pains of contemporary people in the current world. The contemporaneity of the magical realism can be read in the film as "the metaphor for contemporary thought" (Alain Badiou, Cinema). As Antonio Negri writes, art can become "the aesthetic redemption" (Negri, Art et Multitude) for us. At the same time "(t)his is where aesthetics can be transformed into the political." (Lee, "Communism and the Void")

• 미술이론과 현장
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• 제2호
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• pp.75-120
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• 2004

국내의 서양미술 관련 연구 장은 유럽과 미국 도시들과의 불가피한 거리 시간상의 차이로 인해 이미 '그곳'에서 '역사의 보편화 작업'이 종료된 사건들만을 재차 다룰 수밖에 없는 딜레마에 봉착해 있다. 이 같은 사실이 국내의 미술작용에 미치는 영향은 결코 단순하지 않다. 지극히 제한적으로만 원전의 생산과 그에 관련된 조건들에 접근이 허용됨으로써 연구가 피상적 수준에 머물 수밖에 없는 것이 그 한 예이다. 그럼에도 그 같은 피상적 연구들이 국내 미술 장의 어떤 정치, 권력적 문맥 안에서 상대적인 우위를 점함으로써 야기되어온 숱한 문제들이 또한 있다. 서양미술의 흐름과의 관계에서 그간 국내 미술이 보여주었던 과도한 연동성, 곧 '동화와 일치의 메커니즘'은 이 같은 원인이 초래한 결과다. 그럼에도, 국내의 서양미술사, 미술이론 영역의 연구들은 여전히 이 차이의 공간에 내재하는 컨텍스트를 간과함으로써, 결과적으로 서양미술의 '원전적' 정보를 매개하거나 확대 재생산하는 것에 지나지 않는 심각한 존재론적 한계를 노정해왔다. 또 국내의 서양미술사, 미술이론연구는 자신의 학문적 영역을 정당화하는 범주론과 영역주의 안에 거함으로써, 사이 공간에서 야기되는 복잡한 정치권력적 함의들을 독해해내는 데 어려움을 겪고 있다. 이와 같은 현실에서 우리는 서양미술사, 미술이론을 보다 반성적인 학문으로 이끌어야 하는데, 그러기 위해서는 학문으로서 결코 현실에 대해 어떠한 특권적 지위도 가지려해선 안 된다는 사실을 확인해야만 한다. 그러면서 지금 우리의 삶과 존재에 보다 예민하고 긴밀하게 관여하는 학문이기를 소망해야 할 것이다. 국내의 서양미술사, 미술이론연구 장이 다시 인력과 지원의 활발한 움직임들을 끌어들이고, 그들(그것들)과 함께 인간과 문명에 대한 공동성찰의 장으로 나서기 위해서는 객관성이라는 허구와 역사의 기계적이고 중립적인 독해로부터, 그리고 "토론장에서 마른 빵을 먹어치우는" 창백한 관습에서 사건들이 터지고 수습되는 뜨거운 현실로부터 새로이 출발할 수 있어야한다. 그리하여 충돌하는 두 개의 문화권역 사이에 끼어 분열을 경험하는 지식인 특유의 명석함으로 현실을 직시하고, 그 안에서 분별력 있는 선택과 판단에 필요한 조건들을 찾아내야 할 것이다. 예속과 자율의 변증법적인 관계 속에서 새로운 한국미술, 세계미술의 출범이 어떠해야 할 것인가를 끊임없이 제안하는 것, 그것이 서양미술사, 미술연구의 새로운 좌표가 되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국감성과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국감성과학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.195-200
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• 2002

ART (Adaptive Resonance Theory [1]) neural network and its variations perform non-hierarchical clustering by unsupervised learning. We propose a scheme "arboART" for hierarchical clustering by using several ART1.5-SSS networks. It classifies multidimensional vectors as a cluster tree, and finds features of clusters. The Basic idea of arboART is to use the prototype formed in an ART network as an input to other ART network that has looser distance criteria (Ishihara, et al., [2,3]). By sending prototype vectors made by ART to one after another, many small categories are combined into larger and more generalized categories. We can draw a dendrogram using classification records of sample and categories. We have confirmed its ability using standard test data commonly used in pattern recognition community. The clustering result is better than traditional computing methods, on separation of outliers, smaller error (diameter) of clusters and causes no chaining. This methodology is applied to Kansei evaluation experiment data analysis.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.909-920
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of group art therapy on increasing Self-Supporting Recipients Women's well-being and on decreasing their depression. This group art therapy program model was developed based on problem -solving theory and art therapy theory. This program was consisted of 15 session with 9 women focused on self understanding through perception of multiple problems of self-supporting recipients women. Dependent variables were index of well-being and depression. The results were as follows. This program showed the significant differences between post-test and pre-test scores in the scale of well-being and depression. Also that showed the significant difference between follow-up and post test score in the scales of well-being, but there is no difference between follow-up and post test. In Conclusion, group art therapy employed for this study have significant effects of increasing well-being and decreasing depression.

• 미술이론과 현장
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• 제8호
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• pp.163-183
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• 2009