• 한국BIM학회 논문집
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.49-59
• /
• 2022

The main idea of this study is to propose a BIM-based automation system drawing up a report of energy conservation plan in the architecture division. In order to obtain a building permit, an energy conservation plan must be prepared for buildings with a total floor area of 500m² or more under the current law. Currently, it is adopted as a general method to complete a report by obtaining data and drawings necessary for an energy conservation plan through manual work and input them directly into the verification system. This method takes a lot of effort and time in the design phase which ultimately increases the initial cost of the business, including the services of companies specialized in the environmental field. However, in preparation for mandatory BIM work process in the future, it is necessary to introduce BIM-based automatic creation system that has an advantage for shortening the whole process to enable rapid permission of energy-saving designs for buildings. There may be many methods of automation, but this study introduces how to build an application using Dynamo of Revit, in terms of utilizing BIM, and write an energy conservation plan by automatic completion of report through Dynamo and Excel's VBA algorithm, which can save time and cost in preparing the report of energy conservation plan compared with the manual process. Also we have insisted that the digital transformation of architectural process is a necessary for an efficient use of our automation system in the current energy conservation plan workflow.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제13권7호
• /
• pp.3287-3292
• /
• 2012

Purpose: To study the overall treatment time (OTT) and acute toxicity of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods: This retrospective study covered all NPC patients who underwent radical IMRT treatment at the Penang General Hospital from June 2011 to February 2012. Patients of any age and stage of disease with histologically proven diagnosis were included. Information was collected on patient demographics, clinical stage, treatment received, including any neoadjuvant and/or concurrent chemotherapy, acute toxity and completion of IMRT within the OTT. Results: A total of 26 NPC patients were treated with IMRT during the study period; 88.5% had stage III/IV disease. 45.2% received neo-adjuvant chemotherapy while 50.0% were given concurrent chemo-irradiation. All patients completed the treatment and 92.3% within the 7 weeks OTT. Xerostomia was present in all patients with 92.3% having grade 2. Severe grade III/IV acute toxicity occurred in 73.1% of patients, the commonest of which was oral mucositis (57.6%). This was followed by dysphagia which occurred in 53.8%, skin reactions in 42.3% and weight loss in 19.2%. However, haematological toxicity was mild with only one patient having leucopaenia. Conclusion: IMRT treatment for NPC is feasible in our center. More importantly, it can be delivered within the 7 weeks OTT in the majority of patients. Severe grade 3/4 toxicity is very common (73.1%) and thus maximal nutritional and analgesic support is required throughout the treatment.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
• /
• 제24권6호
• /
• pp.590-598
• /
• 2023

Objective: To investigate whether the levels of inflammation detected by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) can predict disease relapse in immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) patients receiving standard induction steroid therapy. Materials and Methods: This prospective study analyzed pretherapy FDG PET/CT images from 48 patients (mean age, 63 ± 12.9 years; 45 males and 3 females) diagnosed with IgG4-RD between September 2008 and February 2018, who subsequently received standard induction steroid therapy as the first-line treatment. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to identify the potential prognostic factors associated with relapse-free survival (RFS). Results: The median follow-up time for the entire cohort was 1913 days (interquartile range [IQR], 803-2929 days). Relapse occurred in 81.3% (39/48) patients during the follow-up period. The median time to relapse was 210 days (IQR, 140-308 days) after completion of standardized induction steroid therapy. Among the 17 parameters analyzed, Cox proportional hazard analysis identified whole-body total lesion glycolysis (WTLG) > 600 on FDG-PET as an independent risk factor for disease relapse (median RFS, 175 vs. 308 days; adjusted hazard ratio, 2.196 [95% confidence interval: 1.080-4.374]; P = 0.030). Conclusion: WTLG on pretherapy FDG PET/CT was the only significant factor associated with RFS in IgG-RD patients receiving standard steroid induction therapy.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
• /
• 제16권7호
• /
• pp.13-23
• /
• 2011

그리드 컴퓨팅은 지리적으로 분산된 이기종의 컴퓨팅 자원들을 상호 연결하고 공유하여 가상의 고성능 컴퓨팅시스템을 구성함으로서 대용량의 컴퓨팅 연산 등을 수행하는 차세대 컴퓨팅 기술이다. 이러한 그리드 컴퓨팅의 성능을 극대화하기 위해서는 효율적으로 작업을 자원에 할당하는 작업 스케줄링 기법이 필요하다. 따라서 작업 총 완료시간 등을 고려한 작업 스케줄링 기법에 대한 많은 연구가 진행되었다. 그러나 작업 스케줄링에 있어서 자원의 사용에 따른 자원 비용을 고려하는 것 역시 매우 중요하며, 자원 비용의 최소화를 통해 그리드 컴퓨팅의 전체적인 성능 및 경제적 효율성을 높일 수 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 시간과 비용을 모두 고려한 다목적 작업 스케줄링 모델을 제안한다. 제안하는 모델은 다목적 유전 알고리즘 기법의 하나인 NSGA-II를 적용하여 최적 해를 도출하였고, 모델의 효율성을 증명하기 위해 시뮬레이션 환경을 구성하여 기존의 스케줄링 모델인 Min-Min, Max-Min 알고리즘과의 비교 실험을 수행하였다. 이를 통해 제안한 스케줄링 모델이 기존 스케줄링 모델에 비해 작업 총 완료시간과 자원 비용을 더욱 효율적으로 최소화함을 증명하였다.

• 정보과학회 논문지
• /
• 제42권5호
• /
• pp.573-579
• /
• 2015

국가 슈퍼컴퓨팅 인프라는 국내 여러 지역에 분산된 슈퍼컴퓨팅 클러스터들로 이루어져 있으며, 본 연구팀에서는 이러한 이기종의 지리적으로 분산된 클러스터들을 대규모 과학 응용 연구자들에게 효율적으로 제공하기 위해 대규모 계산처리 시스템인 HTCaaS(High-Throughput Computing as a Service)를 자체 개발하였다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 대규모 계산처리 시스템(HTCaaS)을 활용하여 각 계산 자원을 동적으로 관리하는 방법에 대해서 논의하고, 신약재창출이라는 실제 과학 응용을 통해 그 효율성을 검증한다. 특히 유효 자원 식별을 위한 대기시간 및 성공률 개념을 이용한 동적 계산 자원 관리 기술을 적용함으로써 자원 활용률과 정확성, 신뢰성, 편의성이 향상될 수 있으며, 그 결과 전체적인 작업 시간의 단축과 작업 처리량도 향상될 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
• /
• 제52권4호
• /
• pp.387-394
• /
• 2013

갈색거저리의 온도에 따른 유충 발육시험을 15, 17, 20, 22, 25, 28 및 $30^{\circ}C$의 7개 항온조건, 광주기 14L:10D, 상대습도 60~70% 조건에서 수행하였다. 유충은 13령까지 경과하였고 항온 조건에서 사망률은 17, $20^{\circ}C$에서 극소수 개체만이 발견되었고, $22^{\circ}C$ 이상의 항온조건에서는 발견되지 않았다. 유충의 발육기간은 $17^{\circ}C$에서 244.3일로 가장 길었고, $30^{\circ}C$에서 110.8일로 가장 짧았다. $15^{\circ}C$는 부화되지 않아 유충 발육 조사가 불가능하였다. 온도와 발육율과의 관계를 알아보기 위하여 선형모형과 비선형모형(Logan 6)을 이용하였으며, 선형모형을 이용하여 추정한 전체유충의 발육영점온도는 $6.0^{\circ}C$, 발육 유효적산온도는 2564.1DD 였으며 선형, 비선형 모두 결정계수값($r^2$) 이 0.95로 높은 값을 보였다. 전체유충의 발육완료분포는 2-parameter Weibull 함수를 사용하였으며 전체 유충의 결정계수 값은 0.8502~0.9390의 양호한 모형 적합성을 보였다.

• 패션비즈니스
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.43-52
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study was to present the plan for activation and rationalization of production of ladies' jacket and provide basic materials for improvement of the development of technologies in relation to the productivity improvement of ladies' jacket and the achievement of high quality product. For this purpose, this study attempted to investigate the present situation of jacket manufacturing process. The data is related with local ladies' jacket manufacturing companies in Seoul snd Kyonggi area. The results of this study are as follows. 1. 87.8% of the business firms responded that they acquired the productive process of jacket based on their own knowhow and 80.5% was aware of the need for the analysis of each process. The highest proportion of the business firms(65.9%) pointed out that the advantage of process analysis was the alleviation of the production time. 2. The jacket manufacturing process was made up of 4 stages such as the process of frontal/rear plate $\rightarrow$ the process of accessories $\rightarrow$ the process of completion $\rightarrow$ the process of finishing in a broad sense but composed of a total of 19 stages in detail. 3. Attachment of the sleeves(73.2), attachment of the collar(41.5%) and the formation of the overall silhouette(22.0%) were raised as the challenge in manufacturing ladies' jacket. 4. Most of the sewing business firms made use of the method of completing the collar and then stitching the outer material and the inner collar, and the line of the bodice and the outer collar as the method of stitching the tailored collar. and many of them used the method of completing the collar and then inserting it between the line of the bodice and the outer material and stitching it as the method of stitching the stand collar. They had a preference for the method of completing the sleeve and connecting it to the bodice as the method of stitching the sleeve. and used the method of treating the margin to seam of semi-lined and unlined jacket by treating it with the bias tape.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제14권6호
• /
• pp.3941-3944
• /
• 2013

Background: The use of preoperative chemoirradiation is the commonest treatment strategy employed in Malaysia for locally advanced rectal cancer. We need to determine the local control and survival rates for comparison with established rates in the literature. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study analyzed all newly diagnosed patients with rectal adenocarcinoma who underwent long course preoperative radiotherapy (RT) at the Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Kuala Lumpur Hospital (HKL) between $1^{st}$ January 2004 and $31^{st}$ December 2010. The aim of the study was to determine the radiological response post radiotherapy, pathological response including circumferential resection margin (CRM) status, 3 years local control, 3 years overall survival (OS) and 3 years disease free survival (DFS). Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software. Kaplan-Meier and log rank analysis were used to determine survival outcomes. Results: A total of 507 patients with rectal cancer underwent RT at HKL. Sixty seven who underwent long course preoperative RT were eligible for this study. The median age at diagnosis was 60 years old with a range of 26-78 years. The median tumour location was 6 cm from the anal verge. Most patients had suspicion of mesorectum involvement (95.5%) while 28.4% of patients had enlarged pelvic nodes on staging CT scan. All patients underwent preoperative chemo-irradiation except for five who had preoperative RT alone. Only 38 patients underwent definitive surgery (56.7%). Five patients were deemed to be inoperable radiologically and 3 patients were found to have unresectable disease intraoperatively. The remaining 21 patients defaulted surgery (31.3%). The median time from completion of RT to surgery was 8 weeks (range 5.6 to 29.4 weeks). Fifteen patients (39.5%) had surgery more than 8 weeks after completion of RT. Complete pathological response was noted in 4 patients (10.5%). The pathological CRM positive rate after RT was 18.4%. With a median follow-up of 38.8 months, the 3 year local control rate was 67%. The 3 years rate for CRM positive (<2 mm), CRM clear (>2 mm) and pCR groups were 0%, 88.1% and 100% respectively (p-value of 0.007). The 3 year OS and DFS were 57.3% and 44.8% respectively. Conclusions: In conclusion, the approach of long course preoperative chemoirradiation for rectal cancer needs to be re-examined in our local setting. The high rate of local recurrence is worrying and is mainly due to patient defaulting post-preoperative chemoirradiation or delayed definitive surgery.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제16권12호
• /
• pp.5075-5079
• /
• 2015

Background: Adverse effects of treatment prolongation beyond 8 weeks with radiotherapy for cervical cancer have been established. Clinical data also show that cisplatin increases the biologically effective dose of radiotherapy. However, there are no data on the effect of overall treatment time in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer treated with concomitant chemo-radiotherapy (CCRT) in an Indian population. The present study concerned the feasibility of concurrent chemotherapy and interspacing brachytherapy during the course of external radiotherapy to reduce the overall treatment time and compare the normal tissue toxicity and loco-regional control with a conventional schedule. Materials and Methods: Between January 2009 and March 2012 fifty patients registered in the Gynaecologic Oncology Clinic of Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital with locally advanced cervical cancer (FIGO stage IIB-IIIB) were enrolled. The patients were randomly allocated to treatment arms based on a computer generated random number. Arm I (n=25) treatment consisted of irradiation of the whole pelvis to a dose of 50 Gy in 27 fractions, and weekly cisplatin $40mg/m^2$. High dose rate intra-cavitary brachytherapy (HDR-ICBT) was performed after one week of completion of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT). The prescribed dose for each session was 7Gy to point A for three insertions at one week intervals. Arm II (n=25) treatment consisted of irradiation of the whole pelvis to a dose of 50 Gy in 27 fractions. Mention HDR-ICBT ICRT was performed after 40Gy and 7Gy was delivered to point A for three insertions (days 23, 30, 37) at one week intervals. Cisplatin $20mg/m^2/day$ was administered from D1-5 and D24-28. Overall treatment time was taken from first day of EBRT to last day of HDR brachytherapy. The overall loco-regional response rate (ORR) was determined at 3 and 6 months. Results: A total of 46 patients completed the planned treatment. The overall treatment times in arm I and arm II were $65{\pm}12$ and $48{\pm}4$ days, respectively (p=0.001). At three and six months of follow-up the ORR for arm I was 96% while that for arm II was 88%. No statistically significant difference was apparent between the two arms. The overall rate of grade ${\geq}3$ toxicity was numerically higher in arm I (n=7) than in arm II (n=4) though statistical significance was not reached. None of the predefined prognostic factors like age, performance status, baseline haemoglobin level, tumour size, lymph node involvement, stage or histopathological subtype showed any impact on outcome. Conclusions: In the setting of concurrent chemoradiotherapy a shorter treatment schedule of 48 days may be feasible by interspacing brachytherapy during external irradiation. The response rates and toxicities were comparable.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
• /
• 제3권4호
• /
• pp.5-15
• /
• 1973

An investigation was carried out on a basis of the bacteriological examination with a view to detecting the degree of bacterial contamination for the 77 samples collected from the locally-sold liquid specialties. It's test period was 50 days from July 10 to August 30, 1971. Specially, the survey has put emphasis on the population of general bacteria and the identification of coli-form group, staphylococcus species, streptococcus species, bacillus species, fungi, and yeast species from liquid samples. The results obtained are summarized as follows; (1) For the 77 samples tested, the contamination of general bacteria was found out as minimun 0, i,e., maximum, $12{\times}10^4$ and the total average $45{\times}10^2$ per milliliter. (2) Although streptococcus species could not be detected with the samples, the contamination of the coli-form and staphylococcus species means the strong suggestion of the possibility of pathogenic bacterial contamination. (3) Specially, the products which stay in the neutral pH range and use suspending agents need to care for the microbial contamination in the manufacturing crocess. (4) It is thought necessary to perform the microbiological quality control in the liquid preparations only at least. (5) As the microbial contamination degree in the liquid decreases according to the elapse of time, the microbiological quality control will have to be carried out immediately after the completion of the manufacturing process in order to know the accurate degree. (6) The author thinks that the main reason of the microbial contamination in the liquid is the contamination during the manufacturing process. (7) For the purpose of prevention of the microbial contamination in liquid, therefore, it is more important to make efforts for the rationalization of manufacturing process, the improvement of equipment and environment, the specific training of workers for hygienic knowledges, etc. rather than the use of preservatives for the preparations.