• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.195-201
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• 2019

PURPOSE: This study aimed to quantify the effects of whole body vibration (WBV) stimulation training on the muscle thickness and gross motor function in children with spastic cerebral palsy. METHODS: Twenty children diagnosed with spastic cerebral palsy were assigned randomly to the Whole Body Vibration (WBV) group (n=10) and control group (n=10). The WBV group received vibration therapy including five different therapy, and the control group received only five general physiotherapy sessions. After 10 weeks of intervention, the muscle thickness was measured using ultrasound, and the Gross Motor Function D and E items were evaluated. RESULTS: After the intervention, both groups showed a significant increase in muscle thickness and gross motor function (p<.05). The WBV group showed a significant increase in the quadriceps femoris and tibialis anterior muscles compared to the control group, whereas no significant increase in the gastrocnemius muscle was observed (p<.05). The WBV group showed significant improvement in the Gross Motor Function D and E scores compared to the control group (p<.05). CONCLUSION: WBV training may be a useful way of improving the lower extremity muscle strength in children with spastic cerebral palsy, which may help improve the gross motor function.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.338-344
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to find the charateristics of Sasang Constitution, Soeumin, Soyangin and Taeumin from the result of body Circumference ratio. In this study, 324 data of body circumference were measured by body composition analysis. We analyzed the body circumference ratio by Sasang Constitution, Soeumin, Soyangin and Taeumin. Taeumin's body circumference were significantly higher than those of Soeumin and Soyangin. Soyangin's body circumference was significantly higher than that of Soeumin. Male Taeumin's muscle circumference were significantly higher than those of male Soyangin and male Soeumin. Female Taeumin's fat thickness were significantly higher than those of female Soyangin and female Soeumin. Male Soeumin's ratio of hip circumference and neck circumference to abdomen circumference were significantly higher than those of male Taeumin and male Soyangin. Male Taeumin's ratio of hip circumference to abdomen circumference were significantly lower than those of male Soeumin and male Soyangin. Female Taeumin's ratio of hip circumference and chest circumference to abdomen circumference were significantly lower than those of female Taeumin and female Soyangin. In body circumference ratio, Soyangin had no difference among Sasang Constitution. In body circumference ratio, male Soeumin had big lower area ratio and big upper area ratio to lower-middle area. Male Taeumin had big lower-middle area ratio to lower area. Female Taeumin had big lower-middle area ratio to lower area and upper-middle area.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.551-562
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• 1999

This study was intended to investigate the effect on the human body such as subcutaneous fat thickness the circumference of extremities etc. of the clothing training of putting on thin clothes periodically from the cold period. The subjects were divided into the clothing training group and the non-training group, The training group was asked to wear cool clothes in daily life and to wear the training clothes of T-shirts with half-length sleeves and pants and perform the clothing training for two hours daily three times a week in a cold environment over the period from November to February. The non-training group was asked to lead a life wearing comfortable clothes. Then a comparative experiment was conducted at 15$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$, 50$\pm$5% R, H and 0.25m/sec before and after the clothing training. After the clothing training regardless of gender subcutaneous fat thickness was more increased and total clothing weight per the surface area of the body was decreased in the training group than the non-training group. The training group showed lower skin temperature in the limbs and lower average skin temperature than the non-training group irrespective of gender which proved the effect of the clothing training. The training group was shown to have attendancy toward a greater sense of warmth and a less sense of discomfort which proved the effect of the clothing training.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.29-41
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to improve the fitness of clothes by producing patterns considering body proportions at a time of producing clothes for export through extracting factors comprising body types and conducting comparative analysis of proportions by body part using body indexes of Korean women in their 20s living in both Korea and foreign countries. The study results are as follows. Factor analysis by group was conducted for body indexes in order to examine body types of Koreans living overseas. As a results, six factors were extracted from all of three groups; Joseonjok(Koreans living in China), Goryeoin(Koreans living in Russia) and Korean residents in Japan, and their explanatory powers were 60.42%, 63.62%, 63.15%, respectively. Obesity factor was extracted as the 1st factor, and the groups showed differences in other factors. As a result of proportion comparison using body indexes of Koreans living in foreign countries and Korea, it was found that, in height item, when regarding the height as 100, the length of the lower part of the body was long in the order of Goryeoin. Joseonjok, Koreans living in Korea and Korean residents in Japan. Also in width item, when regarding the waist as a standard, it was observed that Joseonjok people have the shoulders, the breasts and the hips that look relatively wider comparing with the width of the waists because they have very narrow waists and the width between shoulder length is big. In addition, the study examined proportions of the breast thickness/the breast width, the waist thickness/the waist width, the hip thickness/the hip width to height. From the analysis, it was found that breasts of Koreans living in Korea are flattest while their waists are slender, and Goryeoin and Joseonjok have round body shapes from the waist to the breast.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.9-15
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• 1999

The aim of this study is to measure the application of prone compression study using compression paddle for obese patients in upper gastrointestinal series. Prone compression study using compression paddle was performed in fifty patients, who were not examined completely erect compression study for obesity. The radiographs of stomach were classified into the lower, middle, and high body and then we gave five points included 'very poor', 'poor', 'suspicious', 'good', and 'complete' according to level of detection for area gastrica and mucosal fold. Statistic analysis was performed using T-test and ANOVA, and confidence rate was fixed in 95%(P<0.05) for the significance. The results were as follows : 1. The compression marks on high body was 'poor' grades in erect and prone compression study. The points were 1.64 and 1.86, respectively. 2. The compression marks on middle body was 1.68 in erect compression study, and 'suspicious' in prone compression study. 3. The compression marks on lower body was 'poor' in erect compression study, and 'good' in prone compression study. 4. There was a high statistic signification between the two study on middle and lower body except for high body(P<0.01). 5. The average abdominal thickness of subjects was 23.98 centimeter. There was no statistic signification between the difference of average marks by the abdominal thickness(P>0.05). As these results, the prone compression study in upper gastrointestinal serie seem to be an useful study for obese patients, because it decreases pain and the feeling of uneasiness, and improve compression efficiency remarkably.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.448-458
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to study real body size and ideal body shape by consoidering the degree of satisfaction at body part and understanding body size by the degree of leanness/obesity. The subjects in this study were 201 female college students aged from 18 to 26. Boby measurements and survey were taken from May to June, 1991 and 1992. Data were analyzed by correlation analysis, regression analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, discriminant analysis and crosstabulation analysis. The results were as follows ; 1. The subjects tended to be satisfied with long and slim limbs, slim trunk, and prefered to be tall in height and light in weight. Also the consciousness about thickness was keener than that about length of the body. 2. The subjects were conscious that lower body was more obese than and upper body. Also, the consciousness of whole body had higher correlation with that of upper body than lower body. 3. The subjects were classified into 4 clusters each consisting 23, 87. 68, 23 by cluster analysis of 21 variables after a transformation of measurements to eliminate body size factor. This classification was considered to express how lean or how obese a human body appears. 4. According to the degree of leanness/obesity from lean tendency group I to obese tendency group IV, characteristics of the body shape were changed as follows ; height lower, limbs shorter, trunk and limbs thicker and weight heavier. 5. The subjects of lean tendency group I were more satisfied with their body than those of obese tendency group IV. 6. The subjects, although they were not judged to be obese by somatometric measurements, felt themselves obese. Also, they hoped to be slimmer at lower body than upper body.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.77-88
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the differences of visual effects by variations in the width of pleats and the length of the accordion pleats skirt. The stimuli are 21 samples: 7 variations of the width of pleats and 3 variations of the length of skirt. The data has been obtained from 43 fashion design majors. The data has been analyzed by Factor Analysis, Anova, Scheffe's Test and the MCA method. The results of the study are as follows: The visual effects by the number of pleats and the length of skirt are composed of 2 factors: verticality and thickness of lower body, shape of abdomen. In these factors, verticality and thickness of lower body factor is estimated by the most important factor. The accordion pleats skirt makes the lower body look longer when the width of the pleats is wider, and helps the calf and leg look thinner. Also, the waist looks more slender and thin. As the skirt gets longer, one looks taller, and legs look longer and thinner. The shape of abdomen is no difference according to the width of pleats. As the skirt gets longer, the waist looks more slender and thinner. The interaction of visual effect according to the changes in width of pleats and skirt length of accordion pleats skirt is not shown, and the skirt length has more effect than the width of pleats does in verticality and width of lower body factor. The width of pleats has more effect than the skirt length does in shape of abdomen factor.

• 소음진동
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.613-620
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• 1999

디스크 두께 변화(DTV)에 의해 야기되는 져더현상은 일반적으로 차체진동, 브레이크 페달 떨림, 그리고 스티어링 휠의 떨림에 의해 감지된다. 이번 연구에서는, 차수분석 및 Operational Vibration Analysis(OVA)를 통해 차체진동이 DTV profile에 의해 어떻게 영향을 받는지를 중점적으로 조사하였다. 진동 측정위치는 knuckle, lower arm, lower arm 연결 차체부위이고, 져더 발생 DTV profile도 실측하였다. 시험 분석 결과, DTV는 져더현상에 차수별 상대적인 방향 기여도를 나타내며 특히 디스크 회전 2차 성분은 차량진행 방향으로의 lower arm 진동을 현저하게 야기시키는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 시험 및 분석 기술은 져더 현상을 진단하고 문제를 개선하는데 유효하리라고 예측된다.

• 복식
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• 제62권3호
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• pp.84-95
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data reflecting body characteristics for production of briefs by classifying lower body types of women in their 40s, 50s and 60s. The results are as follows: First, measurements for height-related items decreased while the measurements for width and depth items increased with age. However, 'hip width' and 'hip depth' items showed no significant differences among the age groups. In addition, no visible differences appeared in the length items among the age groups but 'waist to hip' and 'outside leg' lengths showed decreasing values according to age. Second, four factors were established from the factor analysis: 'obesity level around waist and abdomen', 'vertical length of the lower body', 'thickness and obesity level of lower limbs', and, 'size and shape of buttocks'. Lastly, cluster analysis resulted in the classification of the four factors mentioned above. Type 2 appeared the most, representing women in their 40s~60s. Type 1(n=257) was referred as 'slender with a short lower body', Type 2(n=443) as 'plump with short lower body', Type 3(n=224) as 'slender with long lower body', and Type 4(n=199) as 'obese around abdomen and lower limbs'.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.105-117
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• 1988

To evaluate training effect, aerobic dance was performed by eight female collegestudents for 8 weeks. Body composition, cardiopulmonary function at rest and during maximal exercise, blood cholesterol concentration at rest were determined before and after 8weeks of aerobic dance training. Maximal exercise was performed on the treadmill according of Bruce protocol. Pre to post training differences were evaluated. The results obtained were as follows : 1. After the training, skinfold thickness and total body fat decreased significantly(p＜0.1) while lean body mass increased with significance (p＜0.1). 2. Heart rate and arterial blood pressure at rest decreased without sinificance after the training. 3. As a result of training, forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume for a second increased significantly (p＜0.01, p＜0.1). 4. After the training period, heart rate at 3, 6, and 9 min. during treadmill exercise was significantly lower than those of pretraining (p＜0.05). 5. After the training, systolic and diastolic blood pressure at 6 and 9 min during the exercise was significantly lower than those of pretraining (p＜0.025, p＜0.1). 6. After the training, oxygen uptake at 3 and 6 min during the exercise was significantly greater than those of pretraining (p＜0.05). 7. As a result of training, the maximal oxygen uptake increased significantly during the exercise (p＜0.1). 8. After the training, expired air volume for a minute at 3 and 6 min during the exercise was signigicantly grerter than those of pretraining (p＜0.1). 9. After the training, repiratory quotient during the exercise was lower than pretaining without significance. 10. After the training, blood HDL -cholesterol concentration incereased with significance, (p＜0.1) blood total cholesterol and triglycerids concentration decreasedsignificantly (p＜0.1). From these results, it may be concluded that 8 week aerobic dance training reduces skinfold thickness and body fat contents, improves the cardiopulmonary function and tissue oxygen utilization, reduces blood cholesterol and triglyceride concentration and brings about the increase of blood HDL-cholesterol concentriation.