• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.127-133
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• 2024

Textile reinforced concrete (TRC) has gained attention as a viable alternative to conventional reinforced concrete due to its improved mechanical properties and design adaptability. Despite significant research into the mechanical properties of TRC, studies regarding the flexural effect of pre-stretching with different numbers of textile reinforcements are currently limited. Therefore, this research focuses on assessing the flexural characteristics of TRC panels with the incorporation of mesh pre-stretching. Additionally, the study compares the flexural behaviour between alkali-resistant (AR) glass fibre TRC and carbon fibre TRC. A three-point bending test was conducted to assess the flexural behaviour of TRC, investigating the impact of the number of textile layers and the application of pre-stretching on flexural strength and post-cracking stiffness. The findings, exhibited by the flexural stress vs. displacement curve, indicate that applying pre-stretching to carbon fibre TRC effectively increases the flexural strength of carbon textiles and enhances post-cracking stiffness. Moreover, the greater the number of carbon textiles, the higher the flexural stress of the specimens, provided the textiles are placed in the tensile zone. Nevertheless, when comparing carbon fibre TRC with AR glass fibre TRC, it is found that the increase in flexural strength is more significant for carbon fibre TRC. Overall, applying pre-stretching to carbon fibre significantly improves the TRC's flexural performance, specifically during the post-cracking stage and in crack distribution. Furthermore, due to the higher elastic modulus and tensile strength of carbon fibre, TRC reinforced with carbon textiles shows greater flexural strength and ductility compared to AR glass fibre TRC.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.109-116
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• 2022

PURPOSE: This study compared the effect of performing gastrocnemius stretching with and without the self-myofascial release of the sole on the active and passive ankle dorsiflexion angles and muscle tone of the gastrocnemius muscle in subjects with short gastrocnemius muscle. METHOD: A total of 23 subjects with short gastrocnemius muscles were included in this study. The study participants were divided into two experimental groups. Group A performed gastrocnemius muscle self-stretching exercises only, while group B performed self-myofascial release of the sole using a massage ball after the gastrocnemius muscle self-stretching exercises. For both groups, the active and passive ankle dorsiflexion angles were measured using a goniometer, and the tone of the gastrocnemius muscle was assessed using the MyotonPRO®. RESULTS: Within-group comparison showed that the participants in both groups A and B had significantly increased active and passive ankle dorsiflexion angles and decreased gastrocnemius muscle tone (p < .05) after performing their respective exercises. However, no significant differences in the said criteria were observed between groups A and B (p>.05). CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed that both methods were effective in increasing active and passive dorsiflexion angles and decreasing muscle tone. Thus, it is recommended to tailor gastrocnemius stretching exercises according to the patient's condition. If the patient does not experience discomfort in the plantar fasciae, it is recommended to perform the gastrocnemius stretching exercise only without myofascial release and use a massage ball afterward.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.115-123
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• 2022

Purpose : The hamstring is a group of three muscles, biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus, placed behind the thigh. The hamstring is one of the most commonly injured muscles and usually occurs during high-speed, high-intensity exercise. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of static stretching and eccentric exercise of hamstrings on flexibility, strength, and functional performance. Methods : This study was conducted on 28 healthy adults. Subjects were divided into a static stretching group (n=15) and an eccentric exercise group (n=13). Subjects measured hamstring flexibility (active knee extension test), hamstring strength (concentric and eccentric peak torque), and functional performance (triple hop for distance and modified 20 m sprint). The intervention was conducted three times a week for six weeks. To compare the difference between values before and after the intervention, paired t-test was used, and an independent t-test was used to compare between groups. Results : In both groups, the active knee extension test, concentric peak torque, triple hop test, and 20 m sprint significantly increased after the intervention compared to before the intervention (p<.05). However, no significant difference was found in eccentric peak torque after intervention in both groups (p>.05). No significant difference was found between the two groups in the effect on the variables (p>.05). Conclusion : Both interventions were found to be effective for flexibility, concentric strength, and functional performance. Eccentric exercise and static stretching are recommended to improve the flexibility and functional performance of the hamstring. This study's results will be considered essential data on the effectiveness of static stretching and eccentric exercise.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.66-72
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• 2015

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of balance training with plantar flexor stretching on ankle dorsi flexion range of motion (ROM), balance, and gait ability in stroke patients. Design: A randomized controlled pilot trial. Methods: Thirty stroke patients volunteered to participate in this study. The subjects were randomly allocated to two groups: the experimental group (n=15) received the neurodevelopment therapy plus balance training with plantar flexor stretching for 20 minutes in one session. The control group (n=15) received the same neurodevelopment therapy plus plantar flexor static stretching for 20 minutes in one session. Both groups underwent sessions four times a week, for a total of 4 weeks. Measurements included passive range of motion (PROM), active range of motion (AROM) of ankle dorsiflexion using a goniometer, timed up and go (TUG), the functional reaching test (FRT), and the 10 m walk test (10 MWT). Results: There were significant improvements in AROM and PROM of ankle dorsiflexion, TUG, and FRT scores after the intervention in the experimental group (p<0.05). However, the control group showed no statistically significant differences except for PROM of ankle dorsiflexion. The experimental group showed a significant improvement in PROM, TUG, and FRT scores compared to the control group (p<0.05). Conclusions: Balance training with plantar flexor stretching improves ankle dorsiflexion ROM and balance ability in patients with stroke. Therefore, this therapeutic intervention will be effective for rehabilitation of stroke patients in the clinical setting.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2013

Purpose : The purpose of this study was compared for rounded scapular between strechting on pectoralis minoor and strengthening on scapular stabilizer muscles. Methods : The main laboratory had an experiment of the exercise for rounded shoulder posture with 30 patients on a pectoralis minor stretching and scapula to stabilize the elastic band to divide into two groups in this study which were conducted. Results : Acromial height measured from changes of the rounded shoulder posture changes before and after workouts; stretching before exercise in the exercise group is from $94.19{\pm}3.47$ to after result of $94.84{\pm}3.19$, and the after exercise of an elastic band pre-exercise in the exercise group is from $93.60{\pm}3.42$ to $88.68{\pm}3.49$, dividing into two groups, which increased significantly. Compared to an acromial height variation results before and after workouts; stretching exercise group made $3.07{\pm}1.43$, $4.91{\pm}2.24$ and elastic band exercise group, $4.91{\pm}2.24$, which shows the difference between the two groups and was not statistically significant. Conclusion : Against a pectoralis minor that cause the findings of this study, RSP proximately shows serratus anterior and the strengthening of trapezius by exercises of the shoulder peaks which decrease in height arbitration scheme of a pectoralis minor stretching effect as shown. Therefore, it is expected RSP patients in clinical intervention methods combined with stretching exercises strengthens muscles against an elastic band exercise effective.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2017

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of IASTM and static stretching techniques on ankle joint range of motion (ROM), static foot pressure. Methods: Twenty four subjects with gastrocnemius shortness participated in this study. The subjects were assigned randomly to one of two groups: The soft tissue mobilization technique (IASTM) group received intervention using a IASTM instrument for two minutes, and the stactic stretching group performed self stretching for 30 seconds, four times. The ROM of the ankle joint was measured by active ankle dorsi-flexion test, and a TPScan was utilized to collect the plantar foot pressure. This experiment was performed by two physical therapists. The significant level was set at ${\alpha}=.05$. Results: The results were as follows: 1) The ROM of the ankle joint and was significantly increased in both groups. 2) Plantar foot pressure was no significant in both groups. 3) There were no significant differences between the IASTM group and static stretching group for any variable. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that static stretching is an effective and easy technique for restoring proper muscle length in subjects with gastrocnemius shortness. We recommend that static stretching technique be used for treat gastrocnemius shortness in clinical setting and home program.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.286-291
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aims to measure the improvement of balanced ability and rapid response of 30 healthy adults by performing dynamic stretching, static stretching, and sargent jump. Methods: The sample 30 peoples without any musculoskeletal disease who volunteered to be the subject of the study. We measured all subjects on following metrics to evaluate the function and stability under the normal condition, with dynamic stretching (DS) group, static stretching (SS) group: vertical jump height and reaching distance Anterior, Posteromedial, Posterolateral and NO (Normal eye open), NC (Normal eye close), PO (Pillow with eye open), and PC (Pillow with close eye) were evaluated. All measures were analyzed using independent t-test and One-way repeated Anova. Results: There was a significant increase in SJH (Sargent jump) in both groups (p<0.05). In Y-balance test, there was a significant increase in both groups except for the ANT (Anterior) direction, and there was a significant increase only in the SS group in the ANT (Anterior) direction (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between the DS group and the SS group (p>0.05). There was no significant improvement in ST (Stability Index) and WDI (Weight Distribution Index) in both groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Both DS and SS showed significant improvement in SJH and Y-balance tests, which are dynamic functions, but had no significant effect on static balance ability.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.130-139
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of stretching exercise education on female workers' behavior for preventing musculoskeletal diseases. Method: This study educated occupational health nurses working in Seoul and Kyunggi area for stretching exercise methods and then had them educate female workers in each workplace for the stretching exercise methods. The subjects of this study were 205 female workers and the research period was from June to October 2003. Results: The female workers' self-efficacy on stretching exercise increased significantly. The female workers' perceived susceptibility on stretching exercise increased significantly. As for change in practical intention on preventive behavior for musculoskeletal diseases, those who replied to have a plan to exercise regularly and to want to participate in stretching exercise class increased significantly. According to whether to have subjective musculoskeletal symptoms or not, self-efficacy increased significantly after education in both workers with such symptoms and those without, and perceived susceptibility and cue to action increased significantly after education in workers without such symptoms. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop programs to increase self-efficacy and health belief and to apply them to female workers to prevent musculoskeletal diseases. In addition, it is necessary to provide repeated education for female workers' steady practice of preventive behavior.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2015

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of shoulder exercise program for improving forward head posture. Method : Subjects were divided into two groups. The experimental group(15 people) participated in strength exercise and stretching exercise, three times every week, during 4 weeks. And the control group(the other 15 people) didn't participate in exercises. Exercise program was composed of strength exercise of middle and lower trapezius and stretching exercise of levator scapulae and upper trapezius. And then we measured cervical alignment with GPS and muscular activity by EMG. Result : The results of this study were as follows; 1. After the intervention, experimental group was significantly decreased in cervical alignment than control group(p<.05). 2. After the intervention, experimental group was significantly increased in middle lower trapezius musclar activity than control group(p<.05). Conclusion : Strength exercise of middle and lower trapezius and stretching exercise of levator scapulae and upper trapezius were considered a efficient for improving forward head posture.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.236-241
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• 2010

The frictional behavior of bare steel sheet highly depends on surface roughness. It was investigated that the change of surface roughness of bare steel sheet due to deformation for each forming mode. The flat type friction test was done to check the effect of surface roughness change on frictional characteristics of bare steel sheet. As increasing the deformation, the Ra value was increased at stretching forming mode and drawing forming mode, however the change of Pc showed different trends. The Pc was decreased as increasing stretch deformation but increased at compression deformation. At drawing forming mode, the friction coefficient was increased as deformation was increased after initial big drop with drawing oil. As deformation was increased, the friction coefficient was decreased with drawing oil at stretching forming mode. The results show that the deformation changes the surface roughness and frictional characteristics of steel sheet but the effect depends on the forming mode.