• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 2016

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of exercise on the neck muscles activities between scapular stability and McKenzie stretch exercise in the forward head posture subjects. Method : After measuring cervical alignment using the Global Posture System, 20 volunteers with forward head posture posture were selected and divided into two groups. The experimental group A(n=15) and Experimental group B(n=15) participated in respectively and McKenzie neck stretching exercise, three times per week for 4 weeks. The scapular stabilization exercise program was comprised middle and lower trapezius strength exercises and the stretching exercise program was comprised levator scapulae and upper trapezius stretching exercise. The activities of the muscles of the posterior neck was then measured using electromyography. Result : After the intervention, there was significant difference of a electromyography activity changes between the pre-test and post-test in the experimental group. Conclusion : This study showed that both scapular stabilization and McKenzie neck stretching exercises are more effective for reducing neck muscles activities.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.34-41
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to compare the outcomes of manual stretching treatment with those of motor development and positioning physical therapy (MDPPT) for congenital muscular torticollis (CMT). This study was designed to be randomized controlled trials and to evaluate the outcomes of 43 consecutive patients with CMT who were first seen when they were average 26 days old. Before treatments, the patients were unintentionallv classified into two clinical groups along with the treatment methods. Among the 43 patients, 22 were classified to the manual stretching group and 21 to the MDPPT group. By means of independent t-test on the result. the duration of treatment according to methods was not significantly different in two groups (p>.05). The duration of treatment in accordance with head tilt level was not significantly different in two groups (p>.05). There was change of mass diameter, between at the beginning day of treatment and after treatment in manual stretching group with a strong positive linear correlation (p=.000, r=.734), but slightly positive linear correlation in MDPPT group. The result of this study indicates that two therapeutic methods make little difference in effectiveness.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.1-7
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• 2009

Purpose : to investigate change of isokinetic muscle strength and isokinetic muscle endurance of quadriceps femoris and hamstring after application of taping and static stretching. Methods : For this study, 14 male members of college soccer team participated in this research. Participants were divided into two groups: seven was assigned to a taping group(n=7) and the others were assigned to a static stretching exercise group(n=7). Main outcome was measured by using biodex. The isokinetic muscle strength test was processed at the speed of the $60^{\circ}$/sec five times, and isokinetic muscle endurance was processed at the speed of $180^{\circ}$/sec ten times. Results : From the outcomes of the measurement, the results show that there is a more significant difference in the taping group than in a static stretching exercise group. Conclusion : These results will be utilized for the preliminaries in the future.

• Advances in nano research
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.263-270
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• 2021

The present manuscript focuses the effects of suction on the flow of the dusty fluid along permeable exponentially stretching cylinder. Derived PDEs for this work are changed into ODEs by adopting right transformations. Numerical procedure is carried out for the obtained resultant equations by Shooting Technique in accordance with Runge-Kutta (RK-6) technique. Obtained results for the parameters namely, particle interaction parameter, suction parameter and Reynold number parameters are probed thoroughly. Some salient points are: (a) Fluid velocity decreases and the dust phase velocity rises for the higher values of particle interaction parameter; (b) more suction produces retarding velocities for both the phases; (c) high Reynold number slows down the fluid velocity while the speed of dust phase and (d) skin friction coefficient goes high for all these parameters.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.2676-2683
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• 1993

Plane strain punch stretching test(PSST) was performed for various automotive steel sheets. To clarify the effect of tensile properties on plane strain stretchability, the limiting punch height(LPH) values were obtained in plane strain punch stretching test and related to the tensile properties of the materials. The results show that the total elongation El and work hardening exponent n compared to other parameters obtained from tensile test well correlate with the LPH value. In comparision with the Erichsen test and LDH test the PSST can be statistically used as an alternative in assessing the stamping formability of automotive steel sheets with the advantages of good reproducibility and easy testing method.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.574-582
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• 1991

The CO molecules adsorbed on Ni(111) surface is studied in the cluster approximation employing EH method with self-consistent charge iteration. The effect of CO coverage is simulated by allowing the variation of valence state ionization potentials of each Ni atom in model cluster according to the self-consistent charge iteration method. The CO coverage dependent C-O stretching frequency shift, adsorption site conversion, and metal work function change are attributed to the charge transfer between metal surface and adsorbate. For CO/Ni(111) system, net charge transfer from Ni surface to chemisorbed CO molecules makes surface Ni atoms be more positive with increasing coverage, and lowers Ni surface valence band. This leads to a weaker interaction between metal surface valence band and Co $2{\pi}^{\ast}$ MO, less charge transfer to a single CO molecule, and the bule shift of C-O stretching frequency. Further increase of coverage induces the conversion of 3-fold site CO to lower coordination site CO as well as the blue shift of C-O stretching frequency. This whole process is accompanied by the continuous increase of metal work function.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.433-441
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• 2013

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of three PNF stretching techniques for improving hamstring flexibility and to compare the effectiveness of three PNF stretching techniques(direct and indirect and mix(direct&indirect) of hold-relax technique). METHODS: The subjects were randomly assigned into three groups: group1-direct-hold-relax technique(n=10); group2-indirect-hold-relax technique(n=8); group3-mix(direct&indirect)-hold-relax technique(n=10). For each group, stretch was performed three times a week for a period of three weeks. Hamstring flexibility for each group was measured using the ASLR and PSLR. RESULTS: The results showed significant improvement in hamstring flexibility for all subjects of three groups. However, were not significantly different between the three groups. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, three PNF stretching techniques are confirmed to be useful for improving hamstring flexibility. The choice for a qualified technique has to be made individually according to patient and therapist.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of (a) a self stretching exercise (SSE) maintained below the level of pain with (b) physical therapy (PT) performed without pain limitation in patients with adhesive capsulitis. Methods: Forty-three subjects with frozen shoulder were recruited. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of two groups - an experimental group (SSE group, $n_1=18$) and a control group (PT group, $n_2=25$). The duration of each intervention was five weeks. We assessed night pains, range of motion (ROM), and shoulder function. Results: Overall, subjects in both groups improved over five weeks (p<0.05). The change in the PT group was greater (p<0.05) Conclusion: SSE carried out under the pain threshold may be used to treat patients with adhesive capsulitis SSE can be prescribed with PT as part of a home program or of group management.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 1994.03a
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• pp.92-100
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• 1994

Forming limit diagrams for three different galvanized deep drawing quality steel sheets have been measured by hemispherical punch stretching. The experimental forming limit diagrams have been compared with results calculated using the shear instability criterion and the M-K model which takes into account a strain gradient effect resulting from bending (curvature) of a flat sheet by punch stretching. The measured data were in good agreement with the results calculated using exponent M value of 8 in Hosford's yield criterion for the M-K model and M= 6 for the shear instability model.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.369-375
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• 2022

Current exertion reports the numerical analysis of boundary layer slip flow of Casson Nano fluid along a permeable cylinder that is stretching in exponential manner. The modeled PDEs are changed into nonlinear ODEs through appropriate nonlinear transformations. Numerical results are attained using a renowned numerical scheme shooting method with Runge-Kutta procedure of 6^th-order. Influential role of relevant parameters like Reynolds, suction, Casson fluid and slip parameters on velocity profile is investigated. The effect of influence of slip parameter γ on temperature profile is seen through graph. To ensure the authenticity of numerical procedure, outcomes of some special cases of present work are compared with published work and strong agreement is noticed.