• 대한인간공학회지
• /
• 제36권5호
• /
• pp.355-372
• /
• 2017

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the performance and usability of ten-finger text entry on Tablet PCs. Background: Generally a soft keyboard is used on Tablet PCs. However, the soft keyboard's performance is usually worse than physical keyboard's performance. In this study, we proposed a modified keyboard for tablet PCs to improve the performance of ten-finger text entry and evaluated the performance and subjective ratings of the keyboard. Method: The modified soft keyboard that is suggested in this study was compared with current Google and Samsung soft keyboards on Tablet PCs. Results: The three keyboards were not significantly different in terms of typing speed, error rate, and mental workload and showed bad performance. Also, the subjective ratings were not shown positively. Conclusion: Based on our results, ten-finger text entry using soft keyboards on Tablet PCs seems to be very difficult. However, we need to research the possibility continuously since ten-finger text entry can improve typing speed. Application: Our study can be a starting point of research that explores ten-finger text entry on Tablet PCs. The new soft keyboard design can be one of the soft keyboard alternatives. However, the key factors to improve the performance and usability of the soft keyboard will not be 'key size' or 'convenience to typing special characters or numbers', but other factors (e.g., 'tactile feedback').

• 센서학회지
• /
• 제15권6호
• /
• pp.411-416
• /
• 2006

This paper describes the development of a 3-axis finger force sensor to grasp an unknown object safely in an intelligent robot's hand. In order to safely grasp an unknown object, robot's hand should measure the weight of an object and the force of grasping direction simultaneous. But, in the published papers, the grippers and hands equippd with the force sensor that could only measure the force of grasping direction, and grasped objects using their sensors. These grippers and hands can't safely grasp unknown objects, because they can't measure the weight of it. Thus, it is necessary to develop 3-axis force sensor that can measure the weight of an object and the force of grasping direction for an intelligent gripper. In this paper, 3-axis finger force sensor to grasp an unknown object safely in an intelligent robot's hand was developed. In order to fabricate a 3-axis finger force sensor, the sensing elements were modeled using parallel plate beams, and the theoretical analysis was performed to determine the size of sensing elements, then the 3-axis finger force sensor was fabricated. Also, the characteristic test of the developed 3-axis finger force sensor was performed.

• 보건행정학회지
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.1-18
• /
• 1997

This study was conducted to analyze patient days and medical care benefits of finger-amputated patients due to industrial accident. The 161 personal data on medical care for finger-amputated patients due to industrial accident(88 in 1994, 73 in 1995) of Regional Labor Office and hospital characteristics were analyzed. The major results of this study were as follows : According to stepwise multiple regression analysis of patient days, number of amputated finger, location of hospital, bed capacity of hospital, presence of plastic surgery in hospital, number of orthopedic specialist per 100 beds, sick leave benefits per day were the major significant variables in order. In stepwise multiple regression analysis with medical care benefits as a dependent variable, presence of plastic surgery in hospital, number of orthopedic specialist per 100 beds, number of amputated finger, sick leave benefits per day, age, bed capacity of hospital were the major significant variables in order. The minimum optimal size with the lowest medical care benefits was a hospital with 300 beds. This shows that the economy of scale is also applicable for hospital industry. In summary, presence of plastic surgery in hospital, number of orthopedic specialist per 100 beds, number of amputated finger, sick leave benefits per day, bed capacity of hospital were the major significant variables in both patient days and medical care benefits.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.117-122
• /
• 2004

Purpose : The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of arterialized venous flap in finger flexion contracture correction. Materials and methods : From 2002 to 2004, we have performed 10 arteriaized venous flap for treatment of severe flexion contracture in digit. The duration of flexion contracture was from 1 year to 50 years. The cause of contracture were bum scar(7 cases), postoperative contracture(2 cases) and other(l case). We evaluated the survival of flap, flap size, recovery of flexion contracture and subjective satisfaction. Results : All arterialized venous flap survived. The marginal minimal skin necrosis developed in 2 cases. The flap size was average $5.2{\times}3.5cm$. The recovery of flexion contracture was 87% compared with non affected side. 9 patients(90%) satisfied the results of operation. Conclusion : Arterialized venous flap is one of the useful procedure in treatment of finger flexion contracture because it has many advantages such as thin and good quality, variable length of pedicle, preservation of major vascular pedicle, less operation time and in addition possibility of various modifications.

• 한국응급구조학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.99-109
• /
• 2017

Purpose: There is no recommended bag-squeezing technique for emergency medical providers to maintain correct tidal volume during mechanical ventilation. This study compared the tidal volume of two different bag-squeezing techniques during mechanical ventilation. Methods: The subjects were 38 paramedic students who were trained in airway management techniques. Two different bag-squeezing techniques were used with a bag valve mask on an intubated manikin: a conventional technique and a finger-marked, in which the bag is squeezed until the thumb and the middle finger come into contact. Hand size and grip strength were measured and analyzed statistically. Results: The mean tidal volumes for the finger-marked were significantly higher than those for the conventional technique ($542.6{\pm}35.92mL$ versus $338.0{\pm}111.15 mL$, p<.001). There was a correlation between the two techniques (Pearson $x^2=1.160$, p<.001). The subject's characteristics, including sex, hand size, and grip strength, showed no correlation with tidal volume. Conclusion: A finger-marked bag-squeezing technique provides adequate and correct tidal volumes during mechanical ventilation.

• 복식문화연구
• /
• 제17권5호
• /
• pp.866-877
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study was to develop the dimension of hand pattern-making for Korean glove. The glove pattern-making has difficult problem in combination of anthropometric and engineering aspects. In addition, existing dimension data are not enough for glove pattern-making. Therefore, to develop the dimension for glove this study comprehensive list of candidate hand data was reviewed and the manufacturers(career over the 15 years) were interviewed on the method of glove. The result of comparing between the structures in hand and existing glove pattern, there draw deduction from follows. Pattern-making for glove need size of hand length, thumb length, index finger length, middle finger length, ring finger length, hand circumference, thumb-ring finger circumference and maximum hand thickness.

• 재활복지공학회논문지
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.233-238
• /
• 2014

본 논문에서는 손재활기기를 평가하고 신뢰도 높은 검진을 위해 검진자의 훈련용으로 사용할 수 있는 손가락 모사 로봇을 개발하였다. 먼저 실제 사람의 손가락 크기를 고려하여 손허리가락 관절(Metacarpophalangeal)과 첫마디뼈 관절 (Proximal Interphalangeal)을 구동할 수 있는 메커니즘을 설계하였고 이를 통해 뇌졸중과 같은 신경 손상 환자들에게서 나타나는 경직(spasticity)과 구축(contracture)현상을 모사하는 알고리즘을 구현하여 경직과 구축의 정도를 조절하여 다양한 환자들의 특징을 구현할 수 있도록 하였다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제49권6호
• /
• pp.760-763
• /
• 2022

The dorsal metacarpal artery perforator flap is a flap that rises from the hand dorsum. Owing to its reliability and versatility, this flap is used as a workhorse for finger defect. However, to cover the radial-volar defect of the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) of the index finger, a longer flap is required than before. Here, we introduce the oblique extended reverse first dorsal metacarpal artery (FDMA) perforator flap to cover the radial-volar aspect defect of the index finger. A 45-year-old man got injured to the radial-volar defect of PIPJ of the left index finger caused by thermal press machine. The wound was 2 × 1 cm in size, and the joint and bone were exposed. We used FDMA perforator from anastomosis with palmar metacarpal artery at metacarpal neck. Since the defect was extended to the volar side, the flap was elevated by oblique extension to the fourth metacarpal base level. The fascia was included to the flap, and the flap was rotated counterclockwise. Finally, PIPJ was fully covered by the flap. Donor site was primarily closed. After 12 months of operation, the flap was stable without complication and limitation of range of motion. The oblique extended reverse FDMA perforator flap is a reliable method for covering the radial-volar defect of the PIPJ of the index finger. This flap, which also has an aesthetic advantage, will be a good choice for hand surgeons who want to cover the PIPJ defect of the index finger using a nonmicrosurgical option.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
• /
• 제15B권4호
• /
• pp.275-284
• /
• 2008

최근 개인의 정보 보호에 대한 중요성이 증가함에 따라 생체 인식 기술이 출입 통제 시스템 또는 개인 인증, 인터넷 뱅킹, ATM 기기 등 여러 응용에서 사용되어지고 있다. 손가락 정맥 인식이란 사람마다 고유한 손가락 정맥 패턴 정보를 사용하는 고 신뢰도의 생체 인식 기술이다. 본 연구에서는 비 접촉식 손가락 정맥 인식을 위한 새로운 장치 및 방법을 제안한다. 본 연구는 기존의 연구에 비해 다음과 같은 다섯 가지의 장점을 나타내고 있다. 첫째, 본 논문에서 제안하는 장비는 사용자의 손가락 정맥영상 취득 시, 손가락의 뒷면과 손가락 끝, 옆을 지지할 수 있는 최소한의 지지대만을 사용함으로써 사용자의 불쾌감을 최소화할 수 있다. 둘째, 손가락 정맥 영상을 취득하기 위한 카메라 앞에 45도 기울어진 핫 미러(hot mirror)를 사용함으로써, 손가락 정맥 영상 취득 장치의 두께를 줄일 수 있었다. 이는 핸드폰과 같이 두께에 제한이 있는 여러 응용 분야에서 널리 사용될 수 있음을 의미한다. 셋째, 본 연구에서는 LBP(Local Binary Pattern) 방법을 기반으로 손가락 정맥의 특징 정보를 추출함으로써 부분적으로 심하게 어둡거나 밝은 영역을 포함하는 균일하지 않은 조명의 영향을 줄일 수 있었다. 넷째, 비 정맥 영역을 인식에 사용하지 않음으로써 인식 성능을 보다 향상 할 수 있었다. 다섯째, 추출된 손가락 정맥 코드를 기 등록된 코드와 매칭 시, 수평 및 수직방향 비트 이동 방법을 사용함으로써 영상 취득 시 손가락의 움직임과 회전에 의한 본인데이터의 변화도를 줄일 수 있었다. 실험 결과, 본 논문에서 제안하는 손가락 정맥 인식방법의 EER(Equal Error Rate)은 0.07423%였고 전체 처리 시간은 91.4ms였다.

• 한국생활과학회지
• /
• 제13권6호
• /
• pp.1023-1029
• /
• 2004

In the current study, we measured the hands and other representative body items of 223 elementary school girls using Martin Anthropometer and a digital camera so that we would be able to provide information on both size and shape of hands for design of hand-related products. As time goes on, hands get bigger, yet they get thinner at the same time. The data implies that the frame of hands grows, but the skin fat lessens, which could be a determinant factor in the size system of hand-related products. According to the results of a factor analysis on 26 hand items, 5 factors including hand laterality and linearity, fingertip shape, finger breadth, and hand depth, have been extracted. Pearson's correlation showed that most of hand-related factors were strongly associated with other body items. Finger breadth and hand depth, however, were found less related to other body items. The ANOVA test used in testing the difference of hand factors showed, in most items, a difference by ages, but there was no significant differences in fingertip breadth, the third factor, Interestingly, in hand depth, the fifth factor, lower grade girls' hands were thicker than higher grade girls'. This research suggests that the size system of uniformly increasing the size of all hand parts by age groups should be reconsidered and leaves much for improvement.