• 한국의사학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.63-72
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• 2004

In 1189's ZhongXiuZhengHuoJingShiZhengLeiBeiYongBenCao(重修政和經史證類備用本草), we took a look at the medicinal herbs that mentioned JoSeon(朝 鮮), GoRyeo(高麗), BaekJe(百濟), SinRa(新羅), DongIn(東人), DongHae(東海), YoDong(遼東), and BalHae(渤海). In the face of Korea's Oriental medicine's reality of having medical texts only after the 2nd half of the GoRyeo(高麗) Dynasty, this study will provide the basis of finding the origin of Indigenous Herbal Medical Science that was founded in the late-GoRyeo(高麗), early-JoSeon(朝鮮) period.

• 한국수학사학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.81-96
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• 2006

수학에서 분석(analysis)의 역사는 고대 그리스에서부터 시작되었다. 그리스의 기하적 분석법은 16세기 비에트$(Vi{\`{e}}te)$와 데카르트(Descartes) 이후 방정식을 이용한 문제해결(대수적 분석법)로 확장되었으며, 그 결과 대수는 분석을 위한 기술(art for analysis)로 대변되었다. 그리고 뉴헌(Newton)과 라이프니츠(Leibniz)에 의해 미적 분학이 탄생되면서 분석은 대수에서 한 걸음 더 나아가 오늘날 수학의 한 분야인 해석학으로 발전되었다. 그 동안 수학교육학 연구에서는 분석과 관련된 논의가 파푸스(Pappus)와 데카르트를 중심으로 다루어져 왔으나, 지금까지 라이프니츠의 역할과 그에 대한 연구는 거의 다루어지지 않았다. 본 연구는 라이프니츠의 철학 및 논리학을 바탕으로 그 가운데 분석과 관련된 그의 아이디어를 살펴보고, 이를 통해 그가 생각한 수학에서의 분석의 역할에 대해 논의하였다.

• 기록학연구
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• 제11호
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• pp.123-143
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• 2005

1. Introduction : From the Memorial to the Records, From the Records to the Archives 2. Archivists and Historians : the Records Keeping, Appraisal and Selection 3. Records and Historical Materials in the Historical Narrative 4. the Relation of the Facts and Theory in the History 5. Conclusion In this essay I considered the relations of records and history, namely the process on the selection and choice from the records to the archives and the historical materials and in the process the role on the archivists and historians and difference and the relation of the facts and theory in the history. Archival science posits that an archives is the whole of the documents made or received in the course of purposeful activity, and of the relationships among those documents. Archival theory posits that it is the primary function of the archivists to maintain unbroken, continuing custody of societal archives, and to protect their integrity by keeping them physically and intellectually uncorrupted. The ultimate purpose of archival endeavors is to hand down to the next generations a reliable, trustworthy, and complete testimony of societal actions so that they can constitute sources of, and foundations for, future decision making. However, historical science searches for the truth in the historical facts, explains the cause and origin of the matters and reflects on th knowledge about the why and how the events happened. And history is firmly rooted on the philosophy. The goal of historian is analysing the nature of meaning of past in the society and tracing up the change and process of the transition. Archival science means historical source studies and other related disciplines. On the other hand archival management is the principle of respect for original order and the importance of original forms and conditions. Thus the relations between archival science and archives management are not one-sided but mutual. Archival science and historical studies, archivists and historians need to link more closely in order to hand down the contemporary memorial, the common memorial of mankind to the future.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.43-66
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• 2010

In that the Buddhism is the religion founded by Buddha, the settlement of Buddha's existence is very important in the temple building arrangement which symbolizes the Buddha's world. What symbolizes the Buddha in the temple are the pagoda and the Buddhist image. Among them, the Buddhist image is directly connected with the Golden Hall. This kind of double structure is settled as a typical pattern for the arrangement of buildings such as halls and pagodas. The earlier one between the pagoda and Buddhist image is the pagoda, of course. It can be inferred that, through the gradual expansion of the Buddhist images, the gravity was transferred from the pagoda to the Golden Hall. But, if the Buddhist image can be connected with the Golden Hall in that it was the product reflecting the requests on the Buddha and his teaching, the internal origin of the Buddhist image should also go back to the early Buddhism. In fact, the gravest building in Venuvana - vihara or Jetavana - anaehapindasyarama was the Golden Hall, the Buddha's residence. And in the summit of Grdhrakuta or Jetavana - anaehapindasyarama where Buddha stayed long, there is the gandha - kuti the Buddha's place till now. It means that the symbolic request on the Buddha and his teaching had existed even before the Buddhist image and that this tendency could be connected with the generation of Buddhist image. This paper is to show that the hall / pagoda structure generalized in the building arrangement of later age was originated not just from the Buddhist image and the sarira pagoda but from the gandha - kuti and the hair pagoda, and therefore the two should coexist inevitably. It is an attempt to develop a little more in the ideological perspective the general theory that the pagoda and the Buddhist image were fused into one precinct of temple later in their respective origins. That is, it tries to recognize the relation of pagoda and hall not as the conflicting one but as the complementary one.

• 한국철학논집
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• 제52호
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• pp.213-241
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• 2017

1920년대 조선사편수회를 비롯해 조직적으로 진행된 일제의 조선사 연구는 조선의 식민화를 영구화하려는 획책이었다. 3 1운동 이후 일제가 내건 문화정치 3대 방안 가운데 하나인 '민족성 개조'도 조선의 역사성을 외래성과 식민성, 당파성과 미개성으로 낙인찍은 식민주의의 소산이었다. 이에 저항하는 조선인의 연구는 조선의 고유성과 독자성을 증명하는 전통의 창조로 나아갔다. 1920년대 들어 활발해진 고대사 연구는 식민 현실을 외면하고 관념화된 과거의 역사 기억으로 도피하는 게 아니라 한민족의 역사를 새롭게 구성하는 일이었다. 이때 단군은 민족 공동의 시원으로서 문화적 동일화를 이끌며, 발명된 민족의 정체성은 상처 입은 주체를 치유하는 것이었다. 신화를 역사의 일부로 이끌어 오는 일련의 시도는 안확에서도 발견된다. 조선의 민족성을 서구 문명국가와 비교해도 우수한 장점을 지닌 것으로 표명하였고, 조선 문화의 특수성과 정체성을 보편 문명사로 정립하는 방대한 기획은 "조선문명사"로 나타났다. 조선 민족의 특수성과 정체성을 규명하는 문화 연구와 조선 민족의 저력을 드러낸 통사 기술은 과거 역사 속에 명멸했던 다양한 주체들을 동일한 역사를 공유하는 단일한 민족으로 상상하게 했다. 안확의 조선 연구는 일제의 식민사관에 대한 저항이자 민족적 자각을 통한 웅비를 염원하는 것이었다. 그는 민족주의적 관점을 견지하면서도 자유와 자치, 자율과 이성 위에 선 개인을 문명과 문화를 만드는 주체로 설정함으로써 국가이데올로기로 고착된 일본의 문화사와 길을 달리 했다.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.63-78
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• 2018

Pagodas in Myanmar can be largely divided into Zedi and Pato. Zedi is a developed form of the early domed pagodas in India and Sri Lanka, which can be found in the introduction of Buddhism in Myanmar and the comparison of early pagodas in India, Sri Lanka and Myanmar. On the other hand, Pato is where statues of Buddha were enshrined, which is why many scholars referred to it as a temple. However, this study proposes that Pato shall be referred to as a temple-style pagoda in a form unique to Myanmar, based on the origin of Pato, definition of pagodas, and Sarira Enrichment Record of Pato. Moreover, it seems more appropriate to name this type of structure Stupa Temple(塔殿) or Stupa Shrine(塔堂) rather than a Buddhist temple(佛殿) or Buddhist shrine(佛堂) for clear distinction. Pato, or temple-style pagodas, has a ${\acute{S}}ikhara-style$ structure at the center like Ananda Pato upon entering the Pagan (Bagan) kingdom period, on which Zedi-style structures are built. As a result of examining the integration of various Buddhist schools and religions focused on Theravada during the period of King Anawrahta and King Kyanzittha, the ${\acute{S}}ikhara-style$ structure is a symbolic representation of the fact that Theravada embraced Hinduism. The common features shared by pagodas in Myanmar are the centrality of place and the verticality of $y{\check{a}}ngti{\bar{a}}n$ (looking up to the sky) in terms of shape. All temples are placed at the most important and central space, and their forms represent strong religious $y{\check{a}}ngti{\bar{a}}n$ and verticality. These are the features that stand out most among various pagodas in Buddhist countries.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.101-109
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• 2009

The Pulse diagnosis is in the boundary of the Four Examinations, and it is called 切診, or palpation. It has a great impact on people in reminding of the Traditional Medicine that it is probably the first thing that people think of when they hear about Traditional Medicine. Hu-Jun quoted in the Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine "東醫寶鑑" that the doctor finds out the deficiency and the excess of the meridian of the patiant through the pulse, and that it is of the utmost necessity to know the "deficiency and the excess" of the meridian to decide the formula (君臣佐使) of the herbal medicine and the acupuncture/moxibustion treatment. The research on the studies of pulse diagnosis have been concentrated on the origin, history, and the theory of the pulse diagnosis throughout the years; however, the number of research on the image from the classics on pulse diagnosis have been less. With this in mind, this paper was written to study more on the origin and the history of the pulse diagnosis as well as to study on the image of pulse diagnosis shown on the classics on Traditional Medicine in China and Korea. The history of the pulse diagnosis has its root on the attempt to find out what is happening inside the body through the indication of the small changes of the pulse that is shown on the outer boundaries of the body. There were various kinds of pulse diagnosis including "Three positions and nine indicators method" and "Carotid pulsation and wrist pulse method" in the ancient period, and wrist pulse-taking method became the most popular since the completion of studying on palpation by 初보. The image of the palpation helps the rudimentary practitioners of Traditional Medicine. They are divided into two large categories, which are the area of diagnosis and the shape of the pulse itself. The historical classics including the image of the pulse diagnosis can be found since the Song Dynasty of China. There are various kinds of image of pulse diagnosis in the classic such as "The picture of the hand meridian" from "脈訣指掌病式圖說", "The picture of the image of meridian" from "察病指南", "The picture of the Seven exterior and Eight interior" from "校正圖注脈訣", and "The picture of the six parts of meridian" from Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine "東醫寶鑑". The Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine "東醫寶鑑" have analyzed the basic theories and made up the standards of pulse diagnosis by establishing "The picture of the six parts of meridian" based on "The method of placing the viscera and bowels corresponding to cun-guan-qi, or the meridian".

• 비교문화연구
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• 제27권
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• pp.31-57
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• 2012

The 19th century could not relatively receive attention from local researchers because it was treated as the past cut off from the present as the formative period of modern states of Latin America. According to the characteristics of area studies which focus on changes of politics and society, studies on past affairs could not have been the main focus of attention. But as new liberalism has appeared in Latin America, is throwing the spotlight on liberalism. In addition, the studies on the 19th century have been activated and gradually expanded. And interpretation about the 19th century's history has been variously arranged. Especially, discussion on liberalism and conservatism was established as the key words which can understand and reconsider Latin America in the 19th century. Colombian liberalism which could not overcome heritage of the colonial period in the 19th century and did appear advocating reformation was another form of authoritarianism. Reformation promoted by liberalism was utilized to keep privilege of the ruling class, not to remove the social and economic structure derived from the colonial period. New reformist forces which advocated mercantilism after the middle of the 19th century but they were formed based on the existing system. Colombian Liberal Party was developed as "Another name of conservatization" by reflecting understanding of the conservatives. Colombian liberalists preferred federalism to cut off from repressive characteristics of Spanish colonial rule and secure autonomy of local control through reformation based on economic understanding. Therefore, discussion on the form of government which focused on federalism and centralism acted as the causes of conflict between Colombian liberalism and conservatism. Based on this point, this study tries to analyze liberalism reforms which is the main issue in the Colombian history in the 19th century and consider history of Colombian political conflicts focusing on federalism. The origin of Violencia which is the political violence and Colombian history in the 19th century which has been a series of rebellion can be considered through this procedure.

• 한국언론정보학보
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• 제22권
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• pp.249-272
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• 2003

이 논문은 일제 초기 민간지를 대상으로 독자들이 집단적으로 불매운동을 벌였던 두 개의 사례들을 분석하였다. 일제기 언론사에서 벌어졌던 첫 번째 불매운동은 1922년 2월 운양 김윤식의 사회장 문제를 둘러싸고 반대 세력들이 $\ulcorner$동아일보$\lrcorner$에 대해서 펼쳤던 불매운동이다. 두 번째는 1923년 3월 전조선청년당대회에서 $\ulcorner$동아일보$\lrcorner$ 불매운동을 결의했던 사례이다. 이 두 사례는 모두 1920년대 초 민족운동 진영 내에서 민족주의 세력과 사회주의 세력이 보여 주었던 대립과 갈등의 맥락에서 이루어졌다. 당시 두 세력은 민족운동에 대한 기본 입장을 달리하면서 주도권 확보를 위해 여러 측면에서 경쟁과 대립 양상을 보여 주었다. 그 과정에서 사회주의 세력들이 민족주의 진영을 대변하던 $\ulcorner$동아일보$\lrcorner$에 대해 불매운동을 결의하고 실행하였던 것이다. 이러한 분석을 통해 우리는 일제기 민간지 초기부터 수용자들이 신문에 대해 상당히 비판적인 인식을 가지고 있었으며 이를 바탕으로 적극적인 행동까지 이루어졌음을 알 수 있다.

• 대한수학교육학회지:학교수학
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.397-415
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• 2006

이 연구는 사칙 계산 과정에서 초등학생들이 공통적으로 0을 처리하는 것의 어려움을 느낀다는 점에 착안하여, 학생들의 0처리 오류의 기원을 찾고자 수학사 및 교과서 분석을 시도하였다. 그 결과 오늘날의 사람들이 가지고 있는 0에 대한 어려움이 역사적인 근원을 가지고 있음을 밝혀내었다. 또한 0의 지도라는 관점에서 수학 교과서 및 익힘책을 분석한 결과, 0의 도입 시기와 방법이 십진기수법에서의 0의 역할을 인식시키기에 미흡한 점이 있으며, 0을 대상으로 하는 간단한 계산이 부분적으로 다루어지고 있지 않음을 밝혀내었다. 또한 학생들이 자주 범하는 0처리 오류를 예방하기 위한 문항이 체계적으로 제시되어 있지 않았다. 이러한 문제점을 극복하기 위해, 이 연구에서는 일렬, 독일 교과서 등을 참고하여 0의 지도와 관련된 세 가지 방안을 제안하였다.