• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.128-133
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• 2011

In this study, the steel material for shipbuilding(LR-A class) was used, and FCAW was taken advantage of 3G attitude and they are welded by different welding ways. As a result of analyzing wave with welding monitoring system, the stable values are obtained which are the first floor(electronic current 164~182 A, voltage 24 V), the second floor(electronic current 174~190 A, voltage 22~25 V), the third floor(electronic current 158~188 A, voltage 22~25 V), and fourth floor(electronic current 172~184 A, voltage 22~25 V), at this time, the stable wave standard deviation and changing coefficient could be obtained. When the welding testing through nondestructive inspection was analyzed know defect of welding, there was no defect of welding in A, D, E, but some porosities in B, and slag conclusion near the surface in C, because the length of arc was not accurate, and the electronic current and voltage was not stable. After observing the change of heat affect zone through micro testing, each organization of floor formed as Grain Refinement, so welding part was fine, the distance of heat affect zone is getting wider up to change the values of the electronic current and voltage. As a result of degree of hardness testing, the hardness orders were the heat affect zone(HAZ), Welding Zone(WZ), and Base Metal(BM). When the distribution of degree of hardness is observed. B is the highest degree of hardness The reason why heat effect zone is higher than welding zone and base metal, welding zone is boiled over melting point($1539^{\circ}C$) and it starts to melt after the result of analysis through metal microscope, so we can know that delicate tissue is created at the welding zone. Therefore, in order to get the optimal conditions of the welding, the proper current of the welding and voltage is needed. Furthermore the precise work of welding is required.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.871-876
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 오목렌즈로 관찰되는 상에 대한 초등예비교사들의 이해를 분석하였다. 연구를 위해 29명의 3학년 초등예비교사들을 대상으로 2009개정 과학교육과정 '오목렌즈로 물체 관찰하기' 탐구활동을 수행하게 하였으며, 탐구활동에서 예비교사들이 겪는 어려움에 대해 조사하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 예비교사들은 상의 크기 비교에 어려움을 나타냈다. 둘째, 렌즈로부터 멀리 떨어진 물체가 더 작게 관찰되는 원인을 옳게 설명하지 못했다. 셋째, 눈과 렌즈사이의 거리가 멀어짐에 따른 상의 크기 변화를 옳게 설명하지 못했다. 넷째, 오목렌즈에 의한 상의 형성 개념을 5단계로 나누었으며, 대부분의 예비교사들은 1단계에 머물러 있었다. 연구결과로부터 초등 예비교사교육에 대한 제고 방안에 대해 논의하였다.

• 영어영문학
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.667-690
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• 2010

This essay attempts to read Percy Bysshe Shelley s The Mask of Anarchy by attending to a political agenda that Shelley seeks to propose and embody in the poem. This poem was written as a response to an exceptional political event, the Peterloo Massacre, and thus it is evident that Shelley intended to engage in contemporary politics by writing this poem. As many critics have pointed out, however, the way in which this poem addresses social, plitical issues is ambivalent and even confusing, since it contains many elements that contradict each other, and sometimes its political visions are based on incoherent conceptions. For this reason, this poem has been considered to be a failure as an occasional poem which should provide the reader with a clear direction for political actions. Faced with this critical problem, this essay proposes that the ambivalence this poem reveals-e.g., the confrontation between moderate artistic fantasy and radical tenets-is not a retreat from political activism, as some critics suggested, but a result of its creation and embodiment of a public sphere which invites various social classes and their positions. The mode in which Shelley conceives this unified public sphere in the course of writing The Mask of Anarchy can be interpreted in terms of the following three features. First, this poem underscores the significance of thoughts in constituting a communal space between people, thus asking the reader to participate in this process of thinking on given issues. Second, this poem suggests that people should enlighten each other by engaging in communicative reciprocations. Lastly, the public sphere formulated by the previous two features should incorporate various socio-political agents beyond class boundaries (even oppressors themselves) into its own working field. After explaining how these three features are manifested in the poem, this essay argues that the unified public sphere thus formed in the poem is the very agenda that Shelley aims to propose for the contemporaneous politics and culture. As a conclusion, this essay highlights how Shelley s project of creating a unified public sphere finally failed in contemporary history through observing two contrasting receptions of Shelley s works.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2007년도 추계종합학술대회
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• pp.701-704
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• 2007

최근 모바일 단말기를 통하여 휴대폰 결제, 계좌 이체, 주식 투자 등의 금융서비스를 이용하는 사용자가 증가하고 있다. 모바일 전자상거래에서 데이터는 XML 문서형태로 전송, 교환되고 있다. 그러나 XML 문서는 해킹이나 악성코드로 공격받게 될 경우 일반적인 XML 문서만으로는 전자상거래의 보안요구를 만족시키기 어렵다. 특히 현재 국내에서 개발된 WIPI(Wireless Internet Platform for Interoperability)의 경우, 개방적인 플랫폼으로서 집중적인 공격에 대비해야 할 필요성이 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 모바일 환경에서 XML 문서의 디지털 서명에 관련한 W3C 권고안의 요구사항에 따라 기존의 RSA(Rivest Shamir Adleman), DSA(Digital Signature Algorithm), KCDSA(Korean certificate Digital Signature Algorithm) 및 HMAC(Hash Message Authentication Code) 알고리즘을 사용하여 모바일 환경에서의 XML 문서 디지털 서명 시스템을 설계 및 구현하였다. 본 시스템은 국내 무선 인터넷 표준인 WIPI 플랫폼에서 테스트를 진행하였다.

• 정보화정책
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.43-63
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• 2016

본 연구는 인터넷 다국어도메인의 국제표준화에 대한 국제커뮤니케이션을 분석하여 그 대중화 실패 요인을 이해하고자 한다. 조직화 이론을 활용하여 ICANN에서 다국어도메인에 대한 필요성이 제기되는 초기 담론을 관찰하고, 기술적으로 계층적 방식이 선택되는 과정에서 어떤 갈등이 있었는지 살펴보며, 선택된 결정이 주요 이해당사자들에게 어떻게 받아들여졌는지 살펴본다. 분석 결과, 대중화 실패 요인은 미국을 중심으로 하는 ICANN과 그 필요성을 제기하였던 비영어권 국가 간의 인식론적 차이에서 찾을 수 있다. '정보격차 해소'와 '문화적 가치 추구'라는 담론은 '인터넷 인프라의 안정성'이라는 ICANN의 기술적 담론과 충돌한다. 이로써 국제표준화는 10년이라는 오랜 시간이 걸렸고 시장에서는 다양한 서비스들이 난립하는 결과를 초래하였다. 한국의 적용 사례를 보면, 도메인 무단 점유, 홍보 비용, 기술적 불안정성 및 이용자의 혼란 등 사회적 역효과가 대중들에게 외면받게 되는 요인으로 작용하였고 정부는 일관성 있는 정책을 제시하는데 실패했다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.442-449
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• 1998

Freeze-dried cortical bones of the goat were transplanted to the experimental fibular defect of 10 dogs for valuating the possibility of xenogeneic bone implantation and the specificity of BM(Bone Morphogenetic Protein). The . freeze-dried cortical bone eliminated antigens and defatted with chloroform and methanol were freeze-dried at $-80{\circ}C$ for preservation of BMP and then sterilized with 50 gas and storaged in room temperature. Ten freeze-dried cortical implants of the goat were transplanted in experimentally defected regions of bilateral fibula of 5 dogs in clinically normal. The transplanted region had been radiographed for observing state of bone union and BALPOone Alkaline Phosphatase) in the serum of the host was measured for valuating activity of oteoblast per 2 week-interval after transplant procedures. New bone formation had been observed early in one of ten regions around implants about the same time as autoimplant regions. It was incorporated with its host bone during 4-12 weeks after transplantation. In another 2 cases of 2 dogs, new bone formation and absorption of implant had been observed from 4 weeks but they were not incorporated completely until 20 weeks. The rest of the freeze-dried bone implants, 7 cases of 4 dogs had not been observed new bone formation nor absorption of implants. The freeze-drying method for implants means to not influence bone incorporation. Although less of union percentages the union form of this experiment were similar to alloimplantation and it may mean to block immunity reaction that disturbs the bone induction by BMP. It demonsknted that the possibility of the xenogenous bone implantation is recognized by reason of the low specificity of BMP between goat and dog.

• 한국건설관리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건설관리학회 2007년도 정기학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.1039-1042
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• 2007

경제성장으로 자동차 보급률이 증가하여 주차공간에 대한 수요가 높아지고 있다. 개인당 보유 차량의 증가는 공동주택 내에서의 주차장 부족현상을 심화시켰고 노후 공동주택은 준공 당시의 법령에 의한 주차계획으로 심각한 주차난을 겪고 있다. 이에 따라 주차장확대에 대한 거주민의 요구가 커지고 있으며, 이러한 주차장 부족문제를 개선하기 위한 방법으로 주차장확대에 대한 연구가 다양한 방법으로 이루어지고 있다. 주차장확대는 단지의 특성에 의해 적용기술과 공법이 제한될 수 있으므로 본 연구에서는 노후 공동주택 단지의 특성을 세대수, 층수, 동수, 인동간격, 대지형태, 평면형태로 구분하여 조사하였다. 공동주택 단지의 특성을 조사${\cdot}$분석한 결과 세대수는 300세데 이하가 35%, 인동간격은 41${\sim}$50m인 단지가 23%, 대지형태는 평지에 위치한 단지가 82%로 각각 가장 많은 비율을 차지하였다.

• 천문학회보
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.55.2-56
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• 2016

The spin states of asteroids is regarded as an important clue to understand not only the physical property of an individual object but also the dynamical evolution of the of the population as a whole. Single asteroids can be broadly classified into two separate groups according to their rotational states; Principal Axis (PA) and Non-Principal Axis (NPA) rotators. To date, lightcurve observations have been carried out mostly for PA asteroids. However, discovery of NPA objects has recently been increased due to new observing techniques, and this is the reason why rotational properties of NPA rotators became an issue. As a DEEP-South pilot study for NPA, we selected two targets, 5247 Krolv (1982 UP6) and 14764 Kilauea (7072 P-L) considering their Principal Axis Rotation (PAR) code and visibility. Observations were made between Jan. and Feb. 2016 for 17 nights employing Korea Microlensing Telescope Network (KMTNet) 1.6 m telescopes installed at SSO and SAAO using DEEP-South TO (Target of Opportunity) mode. To obtain lightcurves, we conducted time-series photometry using Johnson-Cousins R-filter. Multi-band photometry was also made with BVRI filters at the same time, for taxonomy. Their preliminary lightcurves and approximate mineralogy will be presented.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.792-812
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• 2010

In the 18th century, Xu Lingtai (徐靈胎) and Yoshimasu Todo (吉益東洞) were famous doctors advocating ancient medicine, though they lived in different countries, China and Japan. We compared their major books, analyzed their academic thoughts and then took conclusions as below. 1. The first, for instance "Classified Prescriptions of Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases, 傷寒論類方" and "Classified Assemblage of Prescriptions, 類聚方". Based on essential thought that a prescription and a syndrome should correspond, these books arranged and classified the Zhang Zhongjing (張仲景)'s texts."Classified Prescriptions of Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases", based on the thought that principles, methods, formulas and medicinals (理法方藥) were integrated in prescriptions, tried to find out the implicit treatment rules in prescriptions and syndromes through analyzing "Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases, 傷寒論". On the other hand, because Classified Assemblage of Prescriptions focused on the syndromes of ancient prescriptions (古方), it classified and collected the related texts of Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases and "Synopsis of Prescriptions of the Golden Chamber, 금궤요략", and then suggested only simple instructions on how to prescribe medicine. So in this book, the trend of experience was clear. 2. The second, there is "100 Kinds Records from Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica, 神農本草經百種錄" and "Description work of herbal pharmacology comprised of excerpts from Shanhanlun and medical experiences, 藥徵". Though both of these books are professional oriental pharmacology publications that advocate reactionism, there were remarkable differences in writing style between them. "Description work of herbal pharmacology comprised of excerpts from Shanhanlun and medical experiences" was based on "Treat on Cold Damage Diseases" and "Synopsis of Prescriptions of the Golden Chamber", just explained the effects of medications and discussed 'matter of course (所當然)', but not discussed 'the reason why (所以然)'. In explaining style of syndromes, it confirmed through research, and emphasized the inductive method. On the other hand, "100 Kinds Records from Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica based on "Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica, 神農本草經", explained the nature of medications and discussed 'the reason why (所以然)'. In explaining style of syndromes, it annotated and explained, and emphasized the process of reasoning. 3. The third, there is "Discuss the Headwaters of Medicine, 醫學源流論" and Severance of Medical evils, 醫斷". Aiming the then medical theories fallen in confused state, these books brought order out of chaos, clarified the categories of medical research, and emphasized the scientific method that could put theories into practice and verify them. The difference is that "Severance of Medical Evils" researched only macroscopic viewable clinical phenomena, and even denied the existence of names of diseases and etiological causes. Thus, it emphasized the accumulation of experiences, laid emphasis on "watching and realizing (目認)", and "understand and taking in (解悟)". Discuss the Headwaters of Medicine extremely emphasized the research of 'something not occuring (未然)', that is to say, induced notions of a disease from observing clinical phenomena, furthermore based on these, predicted the 'something not occuring (未然)' and emphasized researching 'the reason why (所以然)'. As regards how they deal with the traditional theories and post-Zhang Zhongjing's medicines, "Severance of Medical evils" took completely denying attitudes. In case of "Discuss the Headwaters of Medicine", it could be used reasonably through specific situation and detailed analysis. Collectively speaking, there were some differences between medical theories of Xu Lingtai and Yoshimasu Todo. Actually, these differences were whether he tried to research the essence of disease, whether he tried to consider it rationally, and how he treated various opinions occurring in the theories of traditional medicine and clinical experience.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.30-38
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• 1977

Breast cancer is one of the most feared health problems in women ; Recent studies revealed that it had come up to be the second most in this country and high prevalent disease in the western countries among breast disease in women. However, early detection of the cancer mass is known to be easier than in many other malignancies. This study was performed to investigate the various characteristics of patients of breast cancer ; by the structural variables, menstrual, marital, and child bearing, and also their understandings and attitude towards the disease. A hundred any in- and out- patients of 51. Mary's Hospital and National Atomic Institute, Seoul were sampled. Data were gathered through direct interview by the researcher from February 1976 to January 1977 and the clinical records were used as references. Results are as follows ; 1. Breast cancer revealed to be most prevalent in the forties ; average age of 45.2 years. 2. The average age of menarche revealed to be 15.4 years ; the largest group were the 16-20 years (N=75, 68.2%). In 55 cases (50%) menstruation were normal, 38 (34.5%) postmenopausal and only in 17 (15.5%), menstruation revealed irregularity. 3. The average marital age revealed to be 22.3 years ; the largest group were 21-25 group (N=43, 39.1%). The average duration of marital life revealed to be 24.7 years ; 11-20 years group were the largest (M=34, 30.9%). 4. Most of the patients revealed to have pregnancy experiences(N=100, 90.9%) ; the average rate of experience were 5, 3 times the largest group were 3.4 times group(N= 32, 29.1%). 54 patients (49.1%) revealed to have had abortion experience ; the average were 3.4 times. 5. The largest group(N=77, 70%) had been breast feeding : followed by mixed feeding (N=12, 10.9%) and artificial feeding(N=10, 9.1%). 6. Personal health history revealed that in 20 patients (18.2%) revealed to have the past history of Purulent mastitis, 5 patients(4.5%) of breast cancer and 3 patients(2.7%) of uttering cancer family history. 7. In the one half (N=56, 50.9%, they had some information about breast cancer :27 (24.5%) by mass media, 12 (10.9%) through personal contacts and 17 (15.5%) were not able to classify the source of information. 8. In 55 cases (50%) the canoe, mass were discovered incidentally, in 39 cases (35.5%) by manual detection by self, in 10 cases (9%) by others and in 6 cases(5.5%) by observing subjective symptoms. 9. The average duration lapsed between the discovery of cancer mass and the visit to the hospital revealed to be 9.4 month. Chief reason for the delay revealed to be the non-chaplaincy due to the absence of pain(N=50, 45.5 %) followed by the administration of herb and commercial medication (N=19, 17.3%). 10. The left side breast was more affected than the right side breast, represent by 60 cases in the left and 39 cases in the right. The most frequent site of the breast cancer was the upper- outer quadrant in 53 cases (47.7%), and followed by the center in 20 cases(18 %), and the upper inner quadrant, in 19 cases (17.1%). There was / cases of bilateral carcinoma. The most prominent symptom was painless mass.